Relationship between mechanical behavior and microstructure evolution of sintered metallic brake pad under effect of thermomechanical stress

Overview & Synopsis

It is well known that on the brake pad material, the triptych microstructure-propertiessolicitations is the key to better understand the phenomena caused by braking stress. The challenging issues are the evolution of this triptych, i.e., the impact of thermal stress and mechanical stress on the microstructure which undoubtedly induces changes in properties. In order to solve the issues without tackling it in all its complexity, this study proposes an experimental approach where physics are decoupled but inspired by the braking sequence in terms of applied temperature gradient and braking loads. Two experimental tests were carried out. The first one is the thermal solicitation test where a temperature gradient from 400°C to 540°C was applied to the material. The second one is the thermomechanical test where a compressive load at 20 MPa was applied under the same thermal gradient. The experiment time is fixed for two minutes, equivalent to the time of one braking stroke. The referred material is sintered metallic composite, which is widely used as brake pad material for high energy railway. As results, it shows that coupled thermomechanical stress has a greater impact on the material properties than decoupled one. This impact is related to the microstructure where graphite inclusions play an important role.