Science & Mathematics

ಡಿ.ಎಸ್. ವೀರಯ್ಯನವರ ರಾಜಕೀಯ ನಿಲುವುಗಳು ಅಂಬೇಡ್ಕರ್ ಅವರ ಸಮಾನತೆಯ ಆಶಯಗಳು, ದಲಿತ ಸಂವೇದನೆ ಹಾಗೂ ಎಡಪಂಥೀಯ ಚಿಂತನೆಗಳಿಂದ ರೂಪುಗೊಂಡಿವೆ. ಸತತ 12 ವರ್ಷಗಳ ಕಾಲ ವಿಧಾನಪರಿಷತ್ ಸದಸ್ಯರಾಗಿದ್ದ ಇವರು, ರಾಜಕಾರಣವನ್ನು ಸಮುದಾಯದ ಉದ್ಧಾರ ಮತ್ತು ಜನಸೇವೆಯ ಸಾಧನವನ್ನಾಗಿ ಕಂಡರೇ ವಿನಃ ಕೇವಲ ಅಧಿಕಾರದ ಮೆಟ್ಟಿಲನ್ನಾಗಿಯಲ್ಲ. ಇಂದಿನ ರಾಜಕೀಯ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಹಾಸುಹೊಕ್ಕಾಗಿರುವ ಭ್ರಷ್ಟಾಚಾರ, ಜಾತಿ-ಹಣದ ಪ್ರಭಾವ ಹಾಗೂ ಸಂಸದೀಯ ಕಲಾಪಗಳ ಅಧೋಗತಿಯನ್ನು ಅವರು ತೀವ್ರವಾಗಿ ಖಂಡಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಪ್ರಜಾಪ್ರಭುತ್ವದ ಮೂಲ ಆಶಯಗಳು ಈಡೇರಲು ಹಾಗೂ ರಾಜಕೀಯವು ಕೇವಲ ‘ದುಡ್ಡು ಮಾಡುವ ಕಾರ್ಖಾನೆ'ಯಾಗುವುದನ್ನು ತಪ್ಪಿಸಲು, ಮತದಾರರು ವೈಚಾರಿಕ ಪ್ರಜ್ಞೆ ಬೆಳೆಸಿಕೊಂಡು ಜವಾಬ್ದಾರಿಯುತವಾಗಿ ಹಕ್ಕು ಚಲಾಯಿಸಬೇಕಾದ ಅನಿವಾರ್ಯತೆಯನ್ನು ಅವರು ದೃಢವಾಗಿ ಪ್ರತಿಪಾದಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of high performance work practices on three outcome variables of firm performance - innovativeness, service quality, and competitiveness.

Accurate and reliable localization is crucial for safe navigation of autonomous robots. In environments where GNSS performs poorly, robots can rely on stable 2D features stored on prior vector maps, such as OpenStreetMap, which are detected by on-board sensors. This paper proposes a fault tolerant decentralized collaborative method for online localization and map update. We focus on the case of indirect collaboration, where robots only collaborate through the observation of common landmarks. The method relies on the Schmidt–Kalman filter, which handles correlations between robots while minimizing the number of communications. A Kullback–Leibler Average data fusion is also employed. To ensure the integrity of the state estimation, a fault detection, isolation, and recovery approach is proposed, enabling the detection of sensor faults and the correction of map faults through collaboration. The method is evaluated using both simulation and experimental data. Results show that collaboration improves accuracy and consistency of localization and mapping, and improves the ability to detect faults.

Dans cette communication j'explicite le point de vue sémiotique et didactique adopté dans une recherche menée sur le terrain de la littérature jeunesse autour des nombres entiers naturels, restituée dans l'article « Nombres et littérature jeunesse : usages des nombres et formes de narration » paru dans la revue Strenae (Gobert, 2021). Mon travail s'inscrit dans le cadre développé par le didacticien des mathématiques François Conne en appui sur la sémiotique de Peirce pour étudier les phénomènes de diffusion et de transposition de savoirs. La posture sémiotico-didactique adoptée permet d'envisager les nombres comme des maillons de flux sémiotiques et de caractériser les usages de nombres en termes de sémioses qui déroulent des chaînes de signes en relation les uns aux autres et canalisent les interprétations en cohérence avec une narration. A partir d'exemples je montre comment, dans certains ouvrages de littérature jeunesse, les jeux de signes graphiques et langagiers fonctionnent de manière iconique et indicielle, pour aboutir à l'hypothèse qu'ils ouvrent à la dimension symbolique de l'univers des nombres.

CET ARTICLE TRAITE DE LA TRESORERIE ET DES PERFORMANCES FINANCIERES

Hydrosilanes (R$_3$SiH) and hydroboranes (R$_2$BH) are appealing reductants in the reduction and functionalization of C=O and CO bonds, because they combine mild redox properties with polarized Si-H and B-H bonds. These main group hydrides have thus been utilized with success in the conversion of renewable feedstocks, such as CO$_2$, waste plastics and biomass wastes. Hydrosilanes and hydroboranes are however disposable hydride donors and they generate stoichiometric amounts of oxidized wastes, in the form of siloxanes and boroxanes. To improve the sustainability of these main group hydrides, our group has recently investigated the design of energy efficient surrogates, by exploiting formic acid as a renewable hydride donor. Formic acid can be generated by electroreduction of CO$_2$ and it is commonly employed to generate hydrides in transition metal chemistry. We have recently investigated the reductive properties of silylformates (R$_3$SiOCHO), readily formed from siloxanes and formic acid: using tailored organometallic complexes, silylformates can act as surrogates of hydrosilanes and promote the reduction of carbonyl groups by transfer hydrosilylation. The utilization of silylformates and borylformates will be presented in the reduction and functionalization of C=O and O-H bonds from the perspective of catalysis, mechanisms and main group element synthetic chemistry.

The negative strand of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) proviral genome contains an antisense open reading frame encoding a protein (ASP) with no known homologs. The presence of immune responses to ASP in people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) demonstrates its expression in vivo. Further, the predicted hydrophobicity of ASP is consistent with its association with the plasma membrane and viral envelope. Despite this body of evidence, the role of ASP in HIV-1 replication remains unknown. In this report, we investigated the hypothesis that the presence of ASP on the viral surface enhances HIV-1 entry into target cells. We generated an ASP-knockout replication-competent HIV-1 molecular clone in the NL4-3 background, which we used to perform cell–cell fusion, viral entry, and viral replication assays. Our results suggest that the presence of ASP on the plasma membrane of infected cells and the envelope of HIV-1 virions enhances viral transmission. Overall, our studies provide first evidence that ASP plays a role in the HIV-1 replication cycle. Further investigation into these observations may lead to the identification of new HIV-1 vulnerabilities that may be the target of novel interventions.

In smart mobility based road navigation, object detection, depth estimation and tracking are very important tasks for improvement of the environment perception quality. In the recent years, a surge of deep-learning based depth estimation methods for monocular cameras has lead to significant progress in this field. In this paper, we propose an evaluation of state-of-the-art depth estimation algorithms based on single single input on both the KITTI dataset and the recently published NUScenes dataset. The models evaluated in this paper include an unsupervised method (Monodepth2) and a supervised method (BTS). Our work lies in the elaboration of novel depth evaluation protocols, object depth evaluation and distance ranges evaluation. We validated our new protocols on both KITTI and NUScenes datasets, allowing us to get a more comprehensive evaluation for depth estimation, especially for applications in scene understanding for both road and rail environment.

This paper revisits replication coupled with checkpointing for fail-stop errors. Replication enables the application to survive many fail-stop errors, thereby allowing for longer checkpointing periods. Previously published works use replication with the no-restart strategy, which never restart failed processors until the application crashes. We introduce the restart strategy where failed processors are restarted after each checkpoint. which may introduce additional overhead during checkpoints but prevents the application configuration from degrading throughout successive checkpointing periods. We show how to compute the optimal checkpointing period for this strategy, which is much larger than the one with no-restart, thereby decreasing I/O pressure. We show through simulations that using the restart strategy significantly decreases the overhead induced by replication, in terms of both total execution time and energy consumption.

It’s one of the most popular and most misunderstood business concepts of our time. Since the term Lean Production was first popularized in 1990, lean has come to mean very different things to different people. In this paper, we go back to the origins of Lean Production - an alternative business approach pioneered by Toyota Motor Corporation - and present insights into how Toyota actually developed a learning system to gain competitive advantage through the continuous development of people, rather than simply designing and optimizing an efficient production system. We draw on our observations from Toyota plants around the world and our discussions with various Toyota sensei, and present a framework for understanding lean as a learning system, not a production system.

In 1972, V. Gallina and M. Omini proposed a phenomenological model for thermal diffusion in liquid metals. The authors obtained a formula for the isotope separation provoked by a force which is arising when a thermal gradient is established in the material. Here, we discuss this thermal force and its statistical origin from the bulk. We will see that it could be an entropic force.

An initial high fluence campaign was performed in WEST, in 2023, on the newly installed actively cooled tungsten divertor composed of ITER-grade monoblocks. The campaign consisted in the repetition of a 60 s long Deuterium L-mode pulse in attached divertor conditions, cumulating over 10000s of plasma exposure. A maximum deuterium fluence of approximately 5 ⋅ 10 26 m -2 was reached in the outer strike point region, representative of a few high performance ITER pulses. Gross tungsten erosion inferred from visible spectroscopy shows that the most eroded plasma facing component is the inner divertor target with rates ten times larger than on the outer divertor target. The outer midplane tungsten bumpers, located a few centimeters from the plasma, show gross erosion rates two times lower than at the outer divertor. We conclude that the outer midplane bumpers have a negligible contribution to the long range tungsten migration and deposition onto the lower divertor. The cumulated gross erosion rate on the inner divertor translates in an effective gross erosion thickness of about 20 μm, while it is about 2 μm for the outer divertor. Strikingly, these orderings coincide with the thickness of deposits found locally on the divertor: the exposed surfaces of high field side monoblocks are covered with several tens of μm tungsten deposits, while on the lower field side, few μm thin tungsten deposits are only found on the magnetically shadowed parts of monoblocks. The strong impact of those deposits on WEST operation, namely perturbation of surface temperature measurement with infra-red thermography, and the emission of flakes causing radiative perturbation of the confined plasma, calls for anticipating similar issues in ITER. In particular, the start of research operation shall consider the definition of a divertor erosion budget in order to anticipate the formation of deleterious deposits.