Science & Mathematics

Designing connected landscapes is among the most widespread strategies for achieving biodiversity conservation targets. The challenge lies in simultaneously satisfying the connectivity needs of multiple species at multiple spatial scales under uncertain climate and land-use change. To evaluate the contribution of remnant habitat fragments to the connectivity of regional habitat networks, we developed a method to integrate uncertainty in climate and land-use change projections with the latest developments in network-connectivity research and spatial, multipurpose conservation prioritization. We used land-use change simulations to explore robustness of species' habitat networks to alternative development scenarios. We applied our method to 14 vertebrate focal species of periurban Montreal, Canada. Accounting for connectivity in spatial prioritization strongly modified conservation priorities and the modified priorities were robust to uncertain climate change. Setting conservation priorities based on habitat quality and connectivity maintained a large proportion of the region's connectivity, despite anticipated habitat loss due to climate and land-use change. The application of connectivity criteria alongside habitat-quality criteria for protected-area design was efficient with respect to the amount of area that needs protection and did not necessarily amplify trade-offs among conservation criteria. Our approach and results are being applied in and around Montreal and are well suited to the design of ecological networks and green infrastructure for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services in other regions, in particular regions around large cities, where connectivity is critically low.

Dans ce texte, nous utilisons le concept de délégation pour problématiser le rapport homme-machine sous l'angle du pouvoir et du contrôle. Certaines nouvelles technologies, dont ces logiciels que nous avons appelé « métatechnologies », qui filtrent, structurent, organisent et fusionnent des flux d'information et de communication, réalisent – de manière automatique – un travail qui s'approche de celui des média de masse. A travers l'analyse d'une série d'exemples, nous montrons en quel sens ces dispositifs informatiques mélangent théories sociales et théories techniques afin de remplir des fonctions toujours plus culturelles. Partant de ce constat, nous argumentons que l'hybridation entre culture et technique nous force à reconsidérer nos méthodes de développement du logiciel afin de les ouvrir vers une pratique critique de la technique.

Magnetite (Fe₃O₄) corrosion product surface layers can limit uniform corrosion rates of carbon steel in aqueous carbon dioxide (CO₂)-saturated environments. However, as Fe₃O₄ is a semiconductor, localised corrosion can proceed due to galvanic interaction between the Fe₃O₄ layers and bare steel. In this study, metal dopants were integrated into Fe₃O₄ layers to mitigate the effects of localised corrosion, whilst maintaining its protective barrier properties. Model Fe₃O₄ and metal-doped Fe₃O₄ layers were electrodeposited on carbon steel and immersed in a pH 5, 1 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl), CO₂-saturated, 50 ◦C solution. Under the conditions studied, the incor- poration of magnesium into the Fe₃O₄ layer resulted in reduced localised corrosion when the 3D surface profiles of the underlying carbon steel were measured using white light interferometry.

We consider a class of ramified bidimensional domains with a self-similar boundary, which is supplied with the self-similar probability measure. Emphasis is put on the case when the domain is not an epsilon-delta domain as defined by Jones and the fractal is not totally disconnected.We compare two notions of trace on the fractal boundary for functions in some Sobolev space, the classical one ( the strict definition ) and another one proposed in 2007 and heavily relying on self-similarity. We prove that the two traces coincide almost everywhere with respect to the self similar probability measure.

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BALANSWAARDERING EN WINSTBEPALING OP BASIS VAN "CURRENT CASH EQUIVALENTS"

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