Open Access Books

Les sociétés médiévales accordent une grande importance à la culture de l'obéissance, au respect de la tradition et au principe hiérarchique. Mais elles sont aussi régulièrement secouées par toutes sortes de rébellions, de dissidences ou de révoltes, voire par de véritables révolutions. Ces différentes figures de la contestation ont constitué un domaine de recherche majeur dans les années 1960-1970, porté par les vents de l’époque, avant d’être délaissés ou traités de façon plus parcellaire. À l’heure où les nouvelles recherches sur l’hérésie revisitent les rapports entre désobéissance et rébellion, où l’histoire intellectuelle réexamine la destinée de figures contestataires et où les grandes révoltes paysannes, urbaines ou nobiliaires suscitent un net regain d’intérêt, il convenait de rouvrir le dossier, sans nécessairement évoquer l’anniversaire de la Jacquerie paysanne de 1358, ni l’actualité brûlante du mouvement des « gilets jaunes ». C’est ce qu’a entrepris le XLIXe Congrès de la Société des historiens médiévistes de l’Enseignement supérieur public, réuni à Rennes en 2018. Les études rassemblées dans ce volume explorent ainsi tour à tour la manière dont les sociétés latines, byzantines ou musulmanes du Moyen Âge ont dit et défini les contestations, les motifs variés qui animaient dissidents ou révoltés, et les formes que prit la remise en cause de l’ordre établi, avant de s’interroger sur la fin des contestations et leurs effets par-delà leur dénouement souvent tragique et leur mémoire dissonante.

Fungal natural products have made important contributions to the history of human civilization. Mr. Liu Jikai has had a significant influence on the field of chemistry in fungal natural products, leading a large number of Chinese scholars engaged in related research. We would like to take this opportunity to thank Mr. Liu Jikai for his efforts on fungal natural products chemistry and hope that all colleagues will make great progress for the future.

Les migrations sont-elles une réponse universelle à une situation de crise ? Poser cette question ouvre sans doute le plus vaste débat sur l’histoire du mouvement des hommes. Cet ouvrage illustre bien la diversité et la multiplicité de cette incroyable richesse qu'est le mouvement des hommes et des peuples sur notre planète. Tout changement est un déséquilibre et, réciproquement, ce sont les déséquilibres qui permettent le changement. Est-il possible d’anticiper, dès lors, sur le futur ? Peu...

La marche des idées accompagne celle du monde, tantôt la suit, tantôt la précède. La fin du « court » xxe siècle (1914-1991) fut celle de trois siècles marqués par l’idée de révolution, des espoirs qu’elle suscitait, des craintes et réprobations qu’elle soulevait, des effets qu’elle a contribué à produire. L’idée de révolution au début du xxie siècle, époque de restauration, de réaction, voire de contre-révolution, de timidité aussi de la part de ceux qui pouvaient s’en réclamer, a décidément mauvaise presse. Des journées d’études furent en 2003 l’occasion de s’interroger sur cette idée et sur les processus qu’elle dénote, à la fois du point de vue historique, politique et social, et du point de vue culturel, scientifique, technique et artistique, d’en préciser la teneur conceptuelle et d’explorer les perspectives dont elle pourrait rester porteuse. Le présent livre constitue le dossier de ces journées : sa lecture permettra de mesurer l’actualité persistante de la réflexion sur l’idée de révolution, que les développements intervenus dans la période la plus récente de notre histoire ont singulièrement renforcée.

Der Terror der letzten Militärdiktatur Argentiniens von 1976 bis 1983 mit etwa 30.000 Opfern steht in einer Reihe von Gewaltverhältnissen, die seit der Unabhängigkeit von Spanien alle bekannten Formen durchliefen: Bürgerkriege, Diktaturen und Genozide an der Urbevölkerung. Diese Kultur der Grausamkeit begleitet und verstärkt die soziale Ungleichheit sowie die Schwäche und Bestechlichkeit staatlicher Institutionen. Wolfgang R. Heuer erzählt anhand kurzer Episoden die Geschichte der politischen Gewalt in Argentinien. Dazu gehören Darwins Beobachtungen des Genozids, Metaphern des Scheiterns in der Literatur und die Gründe des Misserfolgs der Stadtguerilla Montoneros, die deutlich machen: Gewalt und Anarchie im Sinn einer »schwachen« Politik bedingen sich gegenseitig.

This book contains seven reviews and four research articles on the various modern approaches to the problem of quark confinement in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). These approaches include microscopic models of the Yang–Mills vacuum, which are based on the condensation of magnetic monopoles and center vortices, as well as the models of the confining quark-antiquark string. Possible applications of these models to the analysis of the novel superinsulating state, which emerges in such condensed-matter systems as Josephson junction arrays, are further discussed in one of the reviews. Two reviews from this collection discuss the approaches towards the analytic construction of effective confining theories, at the classical level and within the center-vortex model of the Yang–Mills vacuum. Other aspects of non-perturbative physics addressed by this collection include a possible connection between the localization of low-lying Dirac eigenmodes with the deconfinement and the chiral QCD phase transitions, as well as the role of topology in baryon-rich matter. Last but not least, a novel model of dark matter, based on ultralight axion particles, whose masses are arising due to distinct SU(2) Yang–Mills scales and the Planck mass, is suggested and developed in one of the contributed articles.

African Human Rights Law Reports 2011 Edited by The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights & the Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria 2014 ISSN: 1812-2418 Pages: 241 Print version: Available Electronic version: Free PDF available

The Routledge Handbook of Chinese Medicine is an extensive, interdisciplinary guide to the nature of traditional medicine and healing in the Chinese cultural region, and its plural epistemologies. Established experts and the next generation of scholars interpret the ways in which Chinese medicine has been understood and portrayed from the beginning of the empire (third century BCE) to the globalisation of Chinese products and practices in the present day, taking in subjects from ancient medical writings to therapeutic movement, to talismans for healing and traditional medicines that have inspired global solutions to contemporary epidemics. The volume is divided into seven parts: Longue Durée and Formation of Institutions and Traditions Sickness and Healing Food and Sex Spiritual and Orthodox Religious Practices The World of Sinographic Medicine Wider Diasporas Negotiating Modernity This handbook therefore introduces the broad range of ideas and techniques that comprise pre-modern medicine in China, and the historiographical and ethnographic approaches that have illuminated them. It will prove a useful resource to students and scholars of Chinese studies, and the history of medicine and anthropology. It will also be of interest to practitioners, patients and specialists wishing to refresh their knowledge with the latest developments in the field. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license

En la vida cotidiana, por afán de simplificación, por rutina o prejuicio, todos nos inclinamos a interpretar lo privado como familiar y viceversa. Una reflexión teórica y un vistazo a nuestra historia, nos convencen de la inexactitud de esta creencia. En este volumen se ha querido acentuar la distinción entre los dos temas, sin dejar por ello de tomar a ambos en cuenta, ya que la vida privada se desarrolla en un ámbito paralelo al de la intimidad doméstica. Al mismo tiempo, no se olvida que así como es esencial la valoración de la proyección pública de la familia, ha de tomarse en cuenta la existencia de espacios propicios al individualismo, al margen y aun en oposición a la vida familiar. Éstas pueden ser algunas de las variables y contradicciones que se acumulan en torno a este objeto de estudio y que fomenta el interés y el deseo de indagar en el pasado de la familia latinoamericana.

This book collects six papers published in the Agronomy Special Issue "New Advances on Nutrients Recovery from Agro-Industrial and Livestock Wastes for Sustainable Farming" that aim to furnish new information on nutrients recovery from organic wastes.

Jungen als Bildungsverlierer: So werden sie im öffentlichen wie auch im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs derzeit primär wahrgenommen. Zu erklären ist diese Zuschreibung vor dem Hintergrund von Befunden z.B. hinsichtlich des prozentualen Anteils an weiterführenden Schularten, erreichten Schulabschlüssen, aber auch den Ergebnissen in internationalen und nationalen Schulleistungsuntersuchungen. Eine besondere Rolle nehmen die männlichen Heranwachsenden ein, deren Lebenswirklichkeit von Risikolagen, wie etwa elterlicher Arbeitslosigkeit, Bildungsferne, oder einem Zuwanderungshintergrund geprägt wird. Der Autor setzt sich daher mit der Frage auseinander, welche Faktoren eine erwartungswidrig bildungserfolgreiche Entwicklung trotz negativer Rahmenbedingungen begünstigen. Auf Basis autobiografisch-narrativer Interviews werden die handlungsleitenden Orientierungen von Jungen und jungen Männern herausgearbeitet, die erfolgreich an formalen und non-formalen Bildungssettings partizipieren.; Boys as underachievers in school: This is how they are currently perceived in public and academic discourse. This attribution can be explained against the background of findings, for example, regarding the percentage of boys attending secondary schools or the school-leaving qualifications achieved. The author asks which factors favour a development that is contrary to expectations and successful in terms of education, despite negative framework conditions. On the basis of autobiographical narrative interviews, orientations guiding male adolescents' actions are elaborated.

Significant progress in HIV prevention and control has been achieved worldwide. This book reviews emerging challenges and new opportunities for prevention. Chapters cover such topics as challenges in the media within the context of advancing technologies and societal perceptions, barriers to antiretroviral treatment and suggestions for improvement, opportunities in nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, the central role of sexual and reproductive health in consolidating a human rights-based program, and much more. Client-focused models for integrating employment as a social determinant in the HIV/AIDS programs are discussed and recommended.

This paper deals with the issue of dismissals, focusing both on the control techniques regarding the power to dismiss, as well as on forms of workers’ protection. It reconstructs the evolution of the more recent legislative reforms, examining how they have balanced the founding values of the Italian legal system. In this context, sentence n. 194/2018 of the Consitutional Court takes on fundamental importance. It provides essential systematic principles and guidelines, which both the Legislator and judges can refer to, even when there are complex problems of interpretation and unconstitutional aspects. Consequently, once again, the Legislator may need to intervene.

From houses to roads, infrastructures offer a unique lens through which to explore social and political change. Serving as an important conduit between states and citizens, infrastructures provide governments with a powerful tool to mould subjects and control populations. Yet, at the same time they also give individuals, communities, and movements a platform to challenge the state and forge alternative forms of citizenship and politics. Infrastructures therefore shape social and political relations in unexpected ways and never dutifully follow the scripts of politicians, bureaucrats, and engineers. Latin America provides fertile terrain to explore these issues. The region has been subject to extensive foreign intervention for centuries and much of its infrastructure has primarily been constructed to benefit colonial and imperial powers. Yet Latin America has also seen widespread resistance to colonial-capitalist expansion, and infrastructures have been central to these diverse struggles. Drawing on recent empirical research, this cross-disciplinary book demonstrates the value of analysing social and political change through infrastructure. The authors explore a diverse range of Latin American infrastructures, from a sparkling new tram network in Ecuador to a crumbling old nuclear plant in Cuba. Building on the empirical chapters, the editors demonstrate the value of conceptualising infrastructure as a relational and experimental process. In addition to making a novel contribution to global infrastructure debates, the volume offers important new insights into Latin American history, society, and politics.

This book addresses the conceptualisation and practice of multilateralism since the end of World War II and the current challenges facing it. It introduces a dialogic reading of multilateralism based on the reflection-action nexus and presents a set of contributions addressing the main actors and themes of multilateral practices. Building on the United Nations system and the promotion of international peace and security, other themes are also developed, including the European Union's relations with Russia and the African continent, the foreign policies of the US, Brazil and Portugal, as well as the new Asian economic order led by China. This work is a useful tool for research and teaching of International Relations in Portuguese language.