Open Access Books

Die Studie untersucht die Entstehung des modernen Markenkonzepts. Sie setzt ein mit der Verunsicherung der kommerziellen Transaktionen im Rahmen expandierender Kommunikations- und Transportsysteme um 1840. In der Folge entsteht ein flexibles Bezeichnungsformat, das sich an die Medienumgebung anpasst, in Verwaltungsroutinen einspielt und im internationalen Recht verankert wird. Diese Entwicklung wird von Brühwiler am Beispiel der französischen »marques de fabrique et de commerce« untersucht und anhand von Konflikten im Handel und in der Industrie, von politischen und juristischen Kontroversen sowie der Registrierungspraxis empirisch rekonstruiert. Seit dem ausgehenden 19. Jahrhundert eigneten sich Marken nicht mehr zur Identifizierung von Waren. Stattdessen richtete sich ihre Medienlogik nach dem Erfordernis der Unterscheidung von Angeboten am Markt von Grund auf neu aus. Die kommerzielle Kommunikation wurde so vom Verweis auf spezifische Qualitäten und Herkünfte der Ware entlastet. Der Wandel von der Identifizierung zur Unterscheidung konnte jedoch nicht kurzerhand dekretiert werden. Er vollzog sich vielmehr im Zusammenspiel kleiner Verschiebungen: in den Bestimmungen des Rechts, in der Orientierung der Akteure und in der administrativen Fixierung. Die in diesem Buch entwickelte Geschichte erschließt so die Karriere moderner Verlegenheiten im Umgang mit Marken und verweist die theoretischen Verkürzungen des Gegenstands auf eine medienhistorische Dynamik.

This monograph presents the results of a systematic study of orientations in prehispanic architecture of two sub-areas of Mesoamerica. The alignment data for a number of civic and ceremonial buildings were collected with field measurements at 42 archaeological sites in the cultural regions of Oaxaca and the Gulf of Mexico.

The monograph examines the Spanish conditional (cantaría) with respect to the English conditional (would) and the Czech conditional (zpíval bych). The text presents a classification of all the uses of this verb form based on cognitive grammar and Langacker’s notion of ground. The classification is based on extensive authentic material obtained from parallel and monolingual corpora. The analysis takes into account the modal, temporal and evidential characteristics of the conditional. The conditional meaning is dependent on the existence of a secondary ground, which is defined as the default feature.

The 43rd UID conference, held in Genova, takes up the theme of ‘Dialogues’ as practice and debate on many fundamental topics in our social life, especially in these complex and not yet resolved times. The city of Genova offers the opportunity to ponder on the value of comparison and on the possibilities for the community, naturally focused on the aspects that concern us, as professors, researchers, disseminators of knowledge, or on all the possibile meanings of the discipline of representation and its dialogue with ‘others’, which we have broadly catalogued in three macro areas: History, Semiotics, Science / Technology. Therefore, “dialogue” as a profitable exchange based on a common language, without which it is impossible to comprehend and understand one another; and the graphic sign that connotes the conference is the precise transcription of this concept: the title ‘translated’ into signs, derived from the visual alphabet designed for the visual identity of the UID since 2017. There are many topics which refer to three macro sessions: - Witnessing (signs and history) - Communicating (signs and semiotics) - Experimenting (signs and sciences) Thanks to the different points of view, an exceptional resource of our disciplinary area, we want to try to outline the prevailing theoretical-operational synergies, the collaborative lines of an instrumental nature, the recent updates of the repertoires of images that attest and nourish the relations among representation, history, semiotics, sciences.

This book explores the transformative potential of chitosan nanoparticles in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivation, a strategic crop due to its economic, nutritional, and social value worldwide. In the face of current agricultural challenges such as excessive fertilizer use, pest and disease pressure, and the effects of climate change, this research proposes innovative solutions that combine biotechnology and nanotechnology for more efficient and sustainable production. Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with antimicrobial and biostimulant properties, and its nanoparticle versions are presented as key tools to enhance vegetative growth, improve fruit quality, and reduce dependence on chemical inputs. Their application favors nutrient absorption, water retention, and plant resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses, promoting healthier and more sustainable crops. The study was conducted under controlled greenhouse conditions at the “La María” Experimental Campus of the Technical State University of Quevedo (UTEQ), Ecuador, allowing precise management of agricultural variables such as irrigation, fertilization, and planting density. The results demonstrate that the application of chitosan nanoparticles optimizes vegetative growth, fruit development, and crop quality, offering practical alternatives for a more efficient, resilient, and environmentally responsible agriculture. Furthermore, the research contributes to the academic and professional development of students, consolidating a horticultural production model that integrates science, innovation, and sustainability. This book not only provides scientific evidence but also inspires producers, researchers, and students to adopt innovative practices that merge knowledge, technology, and environmental responsibility, consolidating an agricultural model that is efficient, resilient, and environmentally conscious.

La palatalizzazione delle occlusive velari latine è uno dei tratti distintivi delle varietà retoromanze grigionesi (Canton Grigioni, Svizzera). Questo volume offre la prima analisi su ampia scala degli esiti palatali nella regione, dimostrando come attualmente coesistano per questi suoni tre diverse pronunce, la cui distribuzione permette di proporre una nuova ipotesi sullo sviluppo in diacronia di tale fenomeno. Dopo un'introduzione al tema, la parte centrale del volume è dedicata al confronto sistematico dei dati attuali (raccolti sul campo in 18 varietà romance) con quelli disponibili in bibliografia per le fasi precedenti, mentre la terza parte presenta un'analisi acustica sperimentale e propone alcune considerazioni innovative sui mutamenti fonetici in corso. Quest'opera è rivolta in particolar modo a specialisti del settore (romanisti, linguisti, dialettologi).

This volume explores the bodies that are subjects and objects of violence; bodies that, by simply being, narrate their traumatic experience. Contributors attune to the dialogic and hybrid relations that connect bodies and environments, and to the horizons of imaginative, future-worldbuilding possibilities that they open through acts of transmission, translation, and transfer. Refracting to something other than the body’s own physicality – to multiple (multidirectional) networks – the chapters in this volume map and weave an ecosystem of interlacing bodies that are human, animal, vegetal, natural and technological; that are both singular and collective (i.e. a social body); that are situated in both the physical and virtual space; that are mythological and ephemeral; and that express naturecultural entanglements.

The fire brigade was the first to dispatch emergency teams to the disaster area and provide assistance day and night, thanks to its omnipresence and versatility. This meant that local, voluntary firefighters were probably among the first rescue workers to fall victim. This contribution thrusts the fire brigade as a rescue service during the flood into the spotlight. This shows both the initial and the subsequent assistance provided by local fire brigades and additional units from outside the disaster area. Research has shown that the role played by the Dutch fire service – not to mention the Italian fire brigade –was massive and hugely significant, especially considering they worked under very dire circumstances and with limited resources.

As the sunlight crossing a prism refracts into multiple coloured rays, so life through writing makes Meneghello’s works versatile. But a more extraordinary feature emerges: the melting of two opposite worlds: the humanistic one and the scientific one. Words, descriptions and figures of speech extracted from physics, biology, genetics, zoology and astronomy let the reader truly understand how great human beings are embedded in nature. Hence, the linguistic analysis gives birth to a new Meneghello, literate certainly, but also full of scientific knowledge.

The human race is in crisis and very few of us if any are able to understand what is wrong with our lives and the world at large. How did this happen and how did humans become so ‘disconnected’ with humanity? Why are psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, fear, and suicide on the increase, and why are conventional Western therapies unable to stem the tide? To approach this, we must first look inside ourselves to explore our own purpose in life and extend that principle to the rest of humanity. Despite the advances of modern Western psychology and the development of therapies that do help many, one area that is largely unexplored is that of the ‘human spirit’ and spirituality since it is more convenient to consider the human mind as ‘machine’ that responds to external stimuli. In this powerful exploration into the human mind and its relationship with the human spirit, Malik Badri invites the reader to open the door to selfdiscovery, purpose and spirituality through the practice of contemplation, reflection and meditation understanding the true meaning and experience of spirituality as well as one’s own place in Creation. Whilst central to worship in Islam, this will also be of great interest to, and help any reader wishing to explore the notion of spirituality whether as part of worship or simply as part of self-development and inner healing.

This chapter describes spin-wave excitations in nanosized dots and rings in the presence of the vortex state. The special attention is paid to the manifestation of the competition between exchange and dipolar interactions in the spin-wave spectrum as well as the correlation between the spectrum and the stability of the vortex. The calculation method uses the dynamic matrix for an all-discrete system, the numerical diagonalization of which yields the spectrum of frequencies and spin-wave profiles of normal modes of the dot. We study in-plane vortices of two types: a circular magnetization in circular dots and rings and the Landau state in square rings. We examine the influence of the dipolar-exchange competition and the geometry of the dot on the stability of the vortex and on the spectrum of spin waves. We show that the lowest-frequency mode profile proves to be indicative of the dipolar-to-exchange interaction ratio and the vortex stability is closely related to the spin-wave profile of the soft mode. The negative dispersion relation is also shown. Our results obtained for in-plane vortices are in qualitative agreement with results for core-vortices obtained from experiments, micromagnetic simulations, and analytical calculations.

This reprint focuses on the key concepts and contemporary issues related to corporate governance, social responsibility, innovation, and sustainable business development goals. It highlights the importance of integrating these principles into the operations of modern businesses. The reprint aims to explore these concepts, providing theoretical foundations, practical frameworks, and real-world examples to inspire responsible, innovative, and sustainable business practices.

The Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing (PSB) 2018 is an international, multidisciplinary conference for the presentation and discussion of current research in the theory and application of computational methods in problems of biological significance. Presentations are rigorously peer reviewed and are published in an archival proceedings volume. PSB 2018 will be held on January 3 – 7, 2018 in Kohala Coast, Hawaii. PSB 2018 will bring together top researchers from the US, the Asian Pacific nations, and around the world to exchange research results and address open issues in all aspects of computational biology. It is a forum for the presentation of work in databases, algorithms, interfaces, visualization, modeling, and other computational methods, as applied to biological problems, with emphasis on applications in data-rich areas of molecular biology. The PSB has been designed to be responsive to the need for critical mass in sub-disciplines within biocomputing. For that reason, it is the only meeting whose sessions are defined dynamically each year in response to specific proposals. PSB sessions are organized by leaders of research in biocomputing's "hot topics." In this way, the meeting provides an early forum for serious examination of emerging methods and approaches in this rapidly changing field.

In assuming his post of Professor of Philosophy at the University of Franeker, Ruardus Andala expounded in his Oratio inauguralis de physicae praestantia, utilitate et iucunditate (1701) his aim to replace Scholastic-Aristotelian philosophy with more recent philosophical and scientific theories as the rational foundation of theology. In this paper, Andala’s program is reconstructed by taking into account his later works, where he abandoned his former predilection for Jean Leclerc’s Physica (1696), replacing it with René Descartes’s Principia philosophiae (1644), complemented with ideas inspired by the philosophia experimentalis of Francis Bacon and Robert Boyle.

Discusses the role that attention plays in constituting the world, rather than reducing phenomena to the brain level. Discusses the different kinds of attention delineated by the divided hemispheres of the brain. On the one hand the left hemisphere specialised in grasping and manipulating the world, whereas the right hemisphere specialises in relat-ing to and understanding the world. Discusses how reliance on one or the other kind of attention has cultural, psychological and social implications.