Open Access Books

Melt takes place where the surface of glaciers or ice sheets interacts with the atmosphere. While the processes governing surface melt are fairly well understood, the pathways of the meltwater, from its origin to the moment it leaves a glacier system, remain enigmatic. It is not even guaranteed that meltwater leaves a glacier or ice sheet. On Greenland, for example, only slightly more than 50% of the meltwater runs off. The remainder mostly refreezes within the so-called firn cover of the ice sheet. This eBook contains 11 studies which tackle the challenge of understanding meltwater retention in snow and firn from various angles. The studies focus both on mountain glaciers and on the Greenland ice sheet and address challenges such as measuring firn properties, quantifying their influence on meltwater retention, modelling firn processes and meltwater refreezing as well as unravelling the mechanisms within the recently discovered Greenland firn aquifers.

In the aftermath of the twentieth century’s raging warfare, attempts were made to create an environment in which new relationships between European nations could be built around a common identity. Yet, in the twenty-first century, identity conflicts are gaining a new intensity in parts of the continent. In the analysis of some sub-state nationalist parties, the prospect of European Union membership reduces the economic and political risks of secession. Meanwhile, to the east, any moves towards expansion of EU membership are viewed by Russia not as a peace project but as acts of aggression. This volume assembles a series of comparative and single-area case studies drawn from different academic disciplines.

Digital technologies offer unprecedented opportunities for organizations to realize efficiency gains and explore new lines of business. However, their integration into existing corporate structures and routines hardly materializes without frictions and the need for organizational adaptation. This collection of corporate narratives assembles best practice cases of companies – ranging from startups to multinational players and Hidden Champions – that have successfully managed to implement and leverage these innovations. Ten distinct use cases focus on three disruptive technologies, Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain and Robotic Process Automation. Interviews with practitioners address hurdles they encountered, and ways how to gain strategic support of key stakeholders within the organization. The ambition of this compilation is to describe concrete initiatives and derive insights from the experience of implementing disruptive technologies in a given corporate context. It highlights the advantages and potential pitfalls of differing pathways of implementation, including an internal setup with centers of excellence sharing their expertise with business units, the move towards an ambidextrous organization, and joint ventures with niche players in the larger innovation ecosystem. Based on their aggregated experience, this book provides a roadmap for executives how to become agents of change and implement digital transformation in their organizations. For the academic audience, the testimonials of practitioners offer ethnographic insights that depict the complexity of actual corporate change initiatives within a context of uncertainty and mimetic isomorphism.

This open access book bridges a gap between introductory Quantum Field Theory (QFT) courses and state-of-the-art research in scattering amplitudes. It covers the path from basic definitions of QFT to amplitudes, which are relevant for processes in the Standard Model of particle physics. The book begins with a concise yet self-contained introduction to QFT, including perturbative quantum gravity. It then presents modern methods for calculating scattering amplitudes, focusing on tree-level amplitudes, loop-level integrands and loop integration techniques. These methods help to reveal intriguing relations between gauge and gravity amplitudes and are of increasing importance for obtaining high-precision predictions for collider experiments, such as those at the Large Hadron Collider, as well as for foundational mathematical physics studies in QFT, including recent applications to gravitational wave physics.These course-tested lecture notes include numerous exercises with solutions. Requiring only minimal knowledge of QFT, they are well-suited for MSc and PhD students as a preparation for research projects in theoretical particle physics. They can be used as a one-semester graduate level course, or as a self-study guide for researchers interested in fundamental aspects of quantum field theory.

Economic policy; Economic conditions; Industrialization; China

Philosophie, sociologie, anthropologie, études littéraires, linguistique, histoire, géographie, psychologie, musicologie, esthétique, histoire de l’art, économie, sciences politiques, droit, archéologie… : les disciplines couvertes par les sciences humaines et sociales sont vastes et variées. À toutes incombent d’analyser, comprendre, décrire le monde et la façon dont les hommes, les femmes et plus largement le vivant l’ont habité, l’habitent et l’habiteront. Toutes partagent une réflexion sur un sujet rendu majeur par la crise environnementale, les bouleversements numériques, les inégalités sociales et les conflits : comment faire « monde commun », pour reprendre la formule de Hannah Arendt ? L’ouvrage propose une centaine de contributions portant sur des questions contemporaines, qui font écho aux objectifs de développement durable identifiés par l’Organisation des Nations unies (la réduction de la pauvreté, des inégalités éducatives, la protection de la planète, etc.) et explorent la manière dont la recherche actuelle en sciences humaines et sociales y répond. Méthodes, hypothèses et théorisations, mesures et approches ethnographiques, analyses et exégèses constituent autant d’outils permettant aux lecteurs de penser, d’habiter, de réparer ou de transformer nos univers communs. Un ouvrage richement illustré qui incarne une communauté de recherche dans toute sa diversité.

Chapter 11, “Popularizing ‘Americanness,’” analyzes how The Halluci Nation’s 2016 award-winning music video, “Stadium Pow Wow,” challenges dominant pop culture discourses in powerful ways. The Halluci Nation are a DJ collective—composed of First Nations artists—who have created an innovative musical style. To date, “Stadium Pow Wow” has garnered over 7.9 million views on YouTube. Contemporary “American” mainstream—that is, settler colonial—pop culture discourses frequently exclude Native Americans and their practices and/or relegate them to a historic past. Such structural exclusion of Indigenous peoples produces detrimental, material consequences. This chapter focuses on what insights can be gleaned from considering the connectedness of the disparate movement modalities depicted in the music video, which include Grass Dance, Hoop Dance, skateboarding, protest, boxing, and play. Interviews with three practitioners in the film who are prominently featured—Adrian Primeaux, Joe Buffalo, and Kenzie Wilson—inform this chapter in important ways. This chapter argues that “Stadium Pow Wow” expands dominant pop culture discourses by (1) making visible contemporary Native people, practitioners, and lands, challenging patriarchal gender norms and (2) articulating human-to-human and more-than-human linkages in the past and present to bring an Indigenous future into being.

This volume provides a transcript of the meetings on Racism and Race: The Use of Race in Medicine and Implications for Health Equity. The colloquia brought together scholars and experts who differ in their perspectives on how race has been understood and how it could, or should, be addressed in medicine; they questioned how we might do this in a way that achieves the best for our patients and the communities we serve. Sponsored by UCSF’s School of Medicine.

The book deals in detail with the requirements of existing copyright exceptions, for libraries in German statutory copyright law. In Germany, the same as in all other EU member states, it is the rule that for copyright related "exploitations", such as copying, distribution, presentation or (internet-) communication to the public , there must exist a copyright exception or, if the conditions for such an exception are not met, the consent of the copyright holder must be provided. In 2018, especially for scientists, research and educational institutions, libraries and other cultural heritage institutions , new exceptions were created in §§ 60a ff. of the German Copyright Act (UrhG). At the time of publication of this version of the book, the next copyright reform is on its way, namely the implementation of the "Copyright in the Digital Single Market" Directive ("DSM Directive"). This publication refers to the provisions of the Directive from the respective passages. The DSM Directive must be implemented into German law by June 7, 2021.

Hoe lezen we vandaag? In een poging tot antwoord op deze vraag benaderen de bijdragen in CLW 14 de cultuurtechniek van het lezen als cognitief proces, fysieke activiteit, sociaal gedrag of institutionele praktijk. Samengebracht in dit themanummer illustreren ze de methodologische breedte die verkenningen van dit onderwerp kunnen aannemen, met artikels over cognitieve, computationele, empirische, narratologische, sociologische en queer benaderingen. Als geheel roept deze uitgave pertinente vragen op over waar in het leesproces betekenis wordt geproduceerd.

The ninth volume of this edition, translation, and commentary of the Jerusalem Talmud contains two Tractates. The first Tractate, “Documents”, treats divorce law and principles of agency when written documents are required. Collateral topics are the rules for documents of manumission, those for sealed documents whose contents may be hidden from witnesses, the rules by which the divorced wife can collect the moneys due her, the requirement that both divorcer and divorcee be of sound mind, and the rules of conditional divorce. The second Tractate, “Nazirites”, describes the Nasirean vow and is the main rabbinic source about the impurity of the dead. As in all volumes of this edition, a (Sephardic rabbinic) vocalized text is presented, with parallel texts used as source of variant readings. A new translation is accompanied by an extensive commentary explaining the rabbinic background of all statements and noting Talmudic and related parallels. Attention is drawn to the extensive Babylonization of the Giṭṭin text compared to genizah texts.

In the wake of Russia’s annexation of Crimea and attempt to destabilize eastern Ukraine, the United States will have to reexamine the basic premises of its European policy. The requirement that NATO may have to build a more robust deterrence and defense posture in Eastern Europe would require the Army and Air Force to revisit their planning assumptions that have minimized the U.S. military commitments to the region since the end of the Cold War.

This book offers a thorough, internationally-informed guide to atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment accessible to a wide range of clinicians, from primary care physicians to cardiologists. It covers AF risks, including stroke and heart failure, clinical pathways, anesthesia considerations, and surgical and catheter ablation techniques. It also explores recurrence factors and exercise, moving beyond guidelines to provide practical, real-world insights into comprehensive AF management.

The Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) is the most interesting phenomenon in contemporary Indonesian politics. Not only is it growing rapidly in membership and electoral support, it is also bringing a new and markedly different approach to Islamic politics, one which has no precedent in Indonesian history. Understanding PKS and analysing its political behaviour presents challenges to scholars and observers. This is partly due to the fact that the party represents a new trend within Indonesian Islam which has few parallels with preceding movements. Yon Machmudi has rendered us a valuable service. In this book, he provides a thoughtful and authoritative context for viewing PKS. He critiques the existing categorisations for Indonesian Islam and points to their inadequacy when describing the PKS and the campus-based Tarbiyah movement from which it sprang. He reworks the santri typology, dividing it into convergent, radical and global substreams. This offers new possibilities for explaining the PKS phenomenon and assists in differentiating between various types of Islamic revivalism in contemporary Indonesia. It also allows a more understanding of the accommodatory stance which PKS has towards the state and other political forces. Yon’s text provides a good overview of the development of PKS from its Tarbiyah movement origins to its impressive success at the 2004 general elections. It considers the party’s attitude towards the issues of sharia implementation and community welfare and closes by examining the future challenges facing PKS. It is a well written and authoritative account from a scholar who has done wideranging research on the party.

This reprint focuses on land use/land cover (LULC), natural hazards and their interactions, changes, and impacts. Over the past few decades, the risks due to natural hazards have increased significantly, to a large extent due to changes in LULC, which are triggered mainly by anthropic pressure on landscapes, i.e., urbanization, forest management practices, agricultural practices, and the like. As a result, LULC changes contribute significantly to changes in the variability or magnitude of natural hazards, such as floods, landslides, and erosion. Therefore, this reprint provides a collection of studies focused on the interactions between LULC and different types of natural hazards, which were studied in several research areas around the world.