Open Access Books

All-optical signal processing will be used in future communication networks. We discuss a new and generic scheme for such devices. The basic configuration comprises an asymmetric resonator within an active or passive nonlinear medium. This arrangement enables all-optical flip-flop operation and switching with a reduced threshold. In addition, a novel optical isolator concept based on resonator asymmetries is is introduced. The model is also applicable to photonic crystal based resonators.

In the new millennium Italian university has undergone considerable changes, stressing Political Science and the Florentine Cesare Alfieri. The old 4-year courses are replaced by a system based on BA and MA. Faculties have been replaced by Schools with different tasks and organization – university system is now based on disciplinary-based Departments. The system of research evaluation has changed. A new process of recruiting is put in force, with the introduction of the National Scientific Qualification (ASN) . These reforms put a strain on C. Alfieri's ability to maintain its characteristic interdisciplinary profile and the high quality of its courses. Here we focus on the effects of these changes and on the policies put in place to keep the high profile of C. Alfieri and her qualifications.

Az internet, az okoskészülékek és a közösségi platformok térhódítása lehetővé tette, hogy a 21. század embere digitális tartalmak befogadója és előállítója is legyen, valamint mikro- és makronarratívák segítségével szociális kapcsolódási igényét is kielégítse. Mindez megváltoztatta korunk emberének kommunikációs és tanulási szokásait is. A tudásátadás ősi, történetmesélésen alapuló formája megmaradt, ám a digitális média alkalmazásainak és a korlátlan közzététel lehetőségének köszönhetően az egyéni narratívák változatos formában és funkcióval jelennek meg. A Digitális média és történetmesélés a felsőoktatásban című könyv több tudományterület segítségével helyezi történeti és fogalmi keretetbe a történetmesélés átalakulásának folyamatát és a digitális korra jellemző kommunikációs szokásokat. A kötet a hazai és nemzetközi gyakorlatot összegezve és abból kiindulva részletesen ismerteti azokat a felsőoktatási szakterületeket, amelyeknek a képzési rendszerébe szervesen illeszkednek a digitális médiatörténetek alkotására és értelmezésére fókuszáló kurzusok, emellett külön foglalkozik az interneten megjelenő narratívákban rejlő kutatási irányokkal is.

Est-il encore utile de s’interroger sur la Commune de 1871 ? Peut-on le faire sereinement en dépassant les clivages idéologiques ? C’est ce qui a été tenté lors des rencontres tenues à Perpignan par des historiens confirmés, des étudiants et des doctorants, des juristes, des anthropologues, des géographes, des gens de lettres et de théâtre autour du thème La Commune de 1871 : utopie ou modernité ? Cet ouvrage rassemble leurs contributions ainsi que les riches discussions qu’elles ont suscitées. Il apporte des aperçus neufs, une réflexion renouvelée sur la nature et le contenu d’un des mouvements qui a le plus influencé les idéologies progressistes du XXe siècle. Il replace la Commune de Paris et l’ensemble du mouvement communaliste au rang de chantier prometteur pour les historiens et les chercheurs en sciences humaines.

Entre l’entrée dans la guerre de la Ligue d’Augsbourg en 1688 et la fin de la guerre de Succession d’Espagne en 1714, la France connaît les deux conflits les plus difficiles et les plus disputés du long règne martial de Louis XIV. Combattant les armées de l’Europe coalisée sur toutes ses frontières terrestres et maritimes, mais également outre-mer, le royaume souffre d’un contexte géostratégique défavorable (c’est le début de la « seconde guerre de Cent Ans » contre l’Angleterre de la Glorieuse Révolution) autant que d’une situation financière de plus en plus dramatique, alors même que la crise démographique de 1693-1694 puis le grand hiver de 1709 s’abattent sur les campagnes. Malgré les victoires remportées par ce « géant du Grand Siècle » qu’est plus que jamais l’armée du Roi-Soleil, le demi-siècle de succès presque continus inauguré par la bataille de Rocroi prend brutalement fin avec les catastrophes de Blenheim, Ramillies, Turin et Audenarde, avant que la résistance offerte à Malplaquet et la manœuvre de Denain ne permettent à la France menacée d’invasion de sauver l’essentiel au congrès d’Utrecht. Cette face sombre de l’histoire militaire du règne du Grand Roi, moins connue que le temps des conquêtes célébrées par les décors de Versailles ou les toiles de Van der Meulen, a fait l’objet ces dernières années de nombreux travaux qui, loin de résumer cette période aux limites de la guerre de siège et à la médiocrité de généraux courtisans, en soulignent l’importance dans l’histoire longue des pratiques et de la conduite de la guerre. Croissance inédite des effectifs et de l’administration militaire, mutations de l’armement et des dispositifs tactiques avec l’apparition du couple fusil-baïonnette et le triomphe de l’ordre mince, impact accru de la guerre sur les sociétés à travers la création de la milice, des campagnes marquées par une grande violence (sac du Palatinat, guerre des Camisards) et la mobilisation des économies mais aussi des esprits, mondialisation des conflits et mise en place enfin de nouveaux équilibres diplomatiques : cet ouvrage collectif, rassemblant les contributions de chercheurs français et étrangers, interroge et éclaire d’un jour nouveau les nombreuses évolutions qui font des dernières guerres de Louis XIV une époque de transformations profondes et de refondation des rapports entre la guerre, l’État, le territoire et la société.

Cultural Heritage and Mobility from a Multisensory Perspective bridges the gap between cultural heritage and mobility studies through the employment of theoretical and methodological multisensory perspectives. An interdisciplinary volume covering a broad range of empirical cases, this book focuses on the engagement with cultural heritage in the context of mobility. The book presents a grassroots perspective of individual heritage performances by mobile and moving actors, analyzing them with close attention to their embodied aspects: bodily experiences, sensory impressions, and the affect and emotions they evoke. As a result, the collection of case studies presented covers empirical, theoretical, and methodological accounts of the embodiment of heritage in the context of mobility on macro, meso, and micro levels, exploring heritage change and mobility from a multisensory perspective. Cultural Heritage and Mobility from a Multisensory Perspective is primarily targeted at scholars, students and practitioners working within and at the intersection of the fields of cultural heritage and mobility. It will also be of interest to those engaged in the study of tourism, migration and integration studies. Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 13, 14 and Introduction of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This collection showcases a multivalent approach to the study of literary multilingualism, embodied in contemporary Nordic literature. While previous approaches to literary multilingualism have tended to take a textual or authorship focus, this book advocates for a theoretical perspective which reflects the multiplicity of languages in use in contemporary literature emerging from increased globalization and transnational interaction. Drawing on a multimodal range of examples from contemporary Nordic literature, these eighteen chapters illustrate the ways in which multilingualism is dynamic rather than fixed, resulting from the interactions between authors, texts, and readers as well as between literary and socio-political institutions. The book highlights the processes by which borders are formed within the production, circulation, and reception of literature and in turn, the impact of these borders on issues around cultural, linguistic, and national belonging. Introducing an innovative approach to the study of multilingualism in literature, this collection will be of particular interest to students and researchers in literary studies, cultural studies, and multilingualism. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This volume presents papers delivered at the 24th Annual Klutznick Harris Symposium, held at Creighton University in October 2011. The contributors look at all aspects of the intimate relationship between Jews and clothing, through case studies from ancient, medieval, recent, and contemporary history. Papers explore topics ranging from Jewish leadership in the textile industry, through the art of fashion in nineteenth-century Vienna, to the use of clothing as a badge of ethnic identity, in both secular and religious contexts. Contents: Shmattas in the North, Shmattas in the South: The Civil War and the Birth of the American Clothing Industry (Adam Mendelsohn); Weimar Jewish Chic from Wigs to Furs: Jewish Women and Fashion in 1920s Germany (Kerry Wallach); Jewish Photographers and the Body in the Weimar Republic (Nils Roemer); Female Tallitot: Creating American Jewish Women’s Religious Experience through Fashion (Rachel Gordan); Clothes and the Weaving of American Jewish Comedy (Ted Merwin); The Jewish Badge in Renaissance Italy: The Iconic O, the Yellow Hat, and the Paradoxes of Distinctive Sign Legislation (Flora Cassen); How a Rabbi Should Be Dressed: The Question of Cassock and Clerical Clothing among Italian Rabbis from the Renaissance to Contemporary Times (Asher Salah); The “Disinherited” Priesthood: A Look into Biblical Israel’s Unshod Priest (Christine Palmer); Costume and Identity in the Dura Europos Synagogue Paintings (Steven Fine); Picturing Vienna’s New Woman: Madame d’Ora meets Ella Zwieback-Zirner (Lisa Silverman); Aboriginal Yarmulkes, Ambivalent Attire, and Ironies of Contemporary Jewish Identity (Eric Silverman); Fashioning Jews on the Screen: The Impact of Dress on Crafting the Jewish Image in Film and Television (Brian Amkraut)

La pauvreté traverse l'histoire contemporaine. Elle continue d'exister entre les crises et leur survit. La conjoncture économique ne fait que moduler son ampleur et ses formes d'expression. C'est pourquoi, pour comprendre le phénomène, il faut le situer dans le modèle de développement des sociétés. Pour les auteurs de ce livre en effet, la pauvreté n'est rien de moins que le résultat d'un arrangement politique et social propre à chaque modèle de développement. En d'autres termes, par les formes institutionnelles qu'elles se donnent, les sociétés produisent une pauvreté qui leur ressemble. C'est ce que révèle la comparaison de quatre modèles de l'État social : la Grande-Bretagne, le Danemark, la France et le Québec. Se distancer de l'actualité immédiate - tout inquiétante qu'elle soit - c'est peut-être la meilleure manière d'affronter une réalité inconfortable et d'agir en conséquence.

"Publishing Addiction Science is a comprehensive guide for addiction scientists facing the complex process of contributing to scholarly journals. Written by an international group of addiction journal editors and their colleagues, it discusses how to write research articles and systematic reviews, choose a journal, respond to reviewers’ reports, become a reviewer, and resolve the often difficult authorship, ethical and citation issues that arise in addiction science publishing. As a “Guide for the Perplexed,” Publishing Addiction Science helps novice as well as experienced researchers to deal with these challenges. It is suitable for university courses and forms the basis of the training workshops offered by the International Society of Addiction Journal Editors (ISAJE). Co-sponsored by ISAJE and the scientific journal Addiction, the third edition of Publishing Addiction Science gives special attention to the challenges faced by researchers from developing and non-English-speaking countries and features new chapters on guidance for clinician-scientists and the growth of infrastructure and career opportunities in addiction science."

The transition to higher education (HE) is a significant life event that is expected to be a very rewarding endeavor for students. Nevertheless, the impacts of this transition are not linear and are shaped by students' psychosocial variables and their own perceptions of the HE environment. The transition to higher education involves a wide range of emotions, both positive and negative, such as the joy of successful enrolment and the anxiety of social rejection or academic failure. This Special Issue focuses on the transition to higher education, examining the personal and developmental variables of first-year students. The various chapters cover different themes that address the various actors involved in this adventure: the students, their families, the teachers, and the higher education institution.

This Religions Special Issue Reprint introduces the study of “Global Laozegetics,” which offers a novel framework for engaging the Daoist classic Laozi or Daodejing. While previous scholarship has mostly focused on debating the “original” meaning of the Laozi text, we suggest that this might not be the most important topic to research. The study of Global Laozegetics instead prioritizes investigating the 2052 Laozi translations in 97 languages and the 2185 native Chinese commentaries as the keys to understanding the text’s place in history. Even if it were possible to determine the original meaning of the text, that conception would only be relevant to a brief moment in time. It cannot explain the varied ways in which the Laozi has been understood and applied across the ages. Therefore, we propose a Special Issue focusing on the complex history of Laozi exegesis in all languages to determine the entirety of its transmission, transformation, and reception to more fully comprehend the impact of the text around the globe.

Birds are among the best-known and most popular animals. With the help of modern technology like mobile identification, even non-academic birders can fully participate in scientific data collection. Unfortunately, birds suffer badly from agricultural changes, forest fires, logging, plastic waste, urban noise, and large windows. They may also carry viral diseases that will eventually affect humans. This book includes nine chapters from all over the world that discuss these problems and propose possible solutions for better conservation of birds.

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