Open Access Books

Lalage Bown championed women’s education for women’s personal empowerment and social progress. She insisted that such empowerment and progress always risk being lost and must be continuously defended and fought for. Part of this project involves remembering past creative achievements and struggles for women’s rights to education and scholarship. The chapter therefore begins with a brief biography of Mary Somerville, the Scottish born scientist after whom the Oxford College attended by Lalage is named. Her name is now unknown to most people. This leads into a discussion of Lalage’s history of Women’s scholarship, past and future and belief that it has flourished where structures are less formal and there is a loosening of the ‘strange clerical culture of science’. A case study of women’s education in the West of Scotland in the 1980s follows to illustrate this view. Current narrowing of Adult Education’s horizons, alongside threats to women’s rights worldwide, is counterposed to Lalage’s and bell hooks’ vision for Adult Education as the ‘practice of freedom’.

Comment le goût de la culture vient-il aux enfants et comment celui-ci évolue-t-il au cours de cette période qui les fait passer de l’enfance à la grande adolescence ? Comment le fait de regarder la télévision, écouter la radio et de la musique, lire des livres et des magazines, jouer à des jeux vidéo, utiliser l’ordinateur et naviguer sur l’internet s’inscrit-il dans le quotidien des jeunes générations et dans quelle mesure contribue-t-il à leur construction identitaire ? Issue d’une enquête longitudinale de grande ampleur qui a suivi les mêmes enfants (près de 4 000) depuis l’âge de 11 ans (en 2002) jusqu’à 17 ans (en 2008), l’étude décrit la fréquence et la diversité des pratiques, usages et consommations des adolescents et l’influence des instances de transmission (parents, famille, école, institutions culturelles, etc.). Cette observation inédite des comportements culturels contribue à la connaissance de la sociologie des jeunes publics, et des trajectoires des enfants au fil des années, entre prises et déprises pour la culture.

This book offers a comprehensive public health perspective on labor and delivery, examining maternal morbidity and mortality, healthcare equity, and the social determinants that influence childbirth outcomes. It explores labor and delivery care across diverse settings, including midwifery care, intrapartum companionship, and enhanced recovery protocols for cesarean section. A critical focus is placed on interventions to reduce the cesarean rate, particularly operative vaginal delivery, with an in-depth evaluation of forceps and vacuum extraction, as well as an analysis of cesarean delivery in terms of cost, outcomes, and public health implications. The book also addresses respectful maternity care, the impact of cultural beliefs and traditional birth practices, and the challenges of disrespect and abuse in childbirth. By integrating global insights, evidence-based approaches, and behavioral change strategies, this volume is a vital resource for clinicians, public health professionals, and policymakers dedicated to improving maternal health and childbirth experiences worldwide.

The increased international transportation and trade over the last few decades have increased the risk of the introduction of pathogens into new areas. Global climate change has influenced environmental conditions and the ability of pathogens to survive, and has changed the habitats of certain vectors and hosts. These processes have led to the emergence or re-emergence of various pathogens in different parts of the world, including those affecting horses. This Special Issue features some aspects regarding several well recognized as well as some new and emerging equine viral pathogens, highlighting the need for updated epidemiological data. Such surveillance is crucial for proper decision making by clinicians and by regulatory authorities. Also demonstrated by the recent global emergence of SARS-CoV-2, the development of an effective infrastructure for the rapid and effective detection and control of novel viral pathogens, as well as re-emerging ones, is essential. Horses should play an important role in such surveillance systems, not only for equine pathogens but also as sentinels to other viruses and arboviruses. As was demonstrated in several examples in this Special Issue, it is important to remember, both as clinicians and as researchers, that when facing clinical cases, even when those are common, we should remain alert to the possibility of the intrusion of unknown pathogens and, therefore, should seek a definitive diagnosis. This may allow for the early detection of emerging or re-emerging pathogens.

This edited book Dengue - Immunopathology and Control Strategies contains eight chapters divided in three sections that underline important aspects of dengue virus, the most prevalent and life-threatening arbovirus in the world, including virus replication cycle and pathology, diagnostic methods, and control. The first section brings knowledge on basic aspects of dengue virus replication which can be associated to its immunopathology. The second section includes two chapters on dengue diagnosis and emphasizes that in spite of the many scientific efforts, this subject continues to be a drawback in the disease control. Vector-based control strategies are discussed in the third section which also contains a chapter on regulation of dengue vaccines and the experience of Mexico in the implementation of the unique registered dengue vaccine.

Drawing on over thirty years of research, this book investigates the intermingling of land and water in the Sahel, analysing landscapes defined by the ebb and flow of rainfall, flooding and population movements, as well as environmental, political and social crises. Exploring both the seasonal flooding of rivers around the Nile, Chari-Logone, Niger and Senegal, as well as agricultural irrigation projects such as dams, canals and pumping stations, the book examines the different narratives related to water and land in the Sahel. It combines fieldwork research with remote sensing, big data and GIS mapping to outline the ever-changing interplay between land and water in the region. Beyond this, the book also reinterprets the colonial and post-colonial legacies of large-scale irrigation projects and the geopolitical interests which defined them. Supported by an Open Access website with a WebGIS and further maps and analysis, this book is an essential read for policy makers and development practitioners in the region, as well as for researchers and scholars across the fields of geography, history, political science, sustainable development and African studies. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivatives (CC-BY-ND) 4.0 license.

All around the world and throughout history resistance has played an important role – and it still does. Some strive to raise it to cause change. Some dare not to speak of it. Some try to smother it to keep a status quo. The contributions to this volume explore phenomena of resistance in a range of historical and contemporary environments. In so doing, they not only contribute to shaping a comparative view on subjects, representations, and contexts of resistance, but also open up a theoretical dialogue on terms and concepts of resistance both in and across different disciplines. With contributions by Micha Brumlik, Peter McLaren, Gayatri C. Spivak and others.

Jusqu’au XIXe siècle, les grands investissements publics urbains des villes musulmanes ne sont pas assurés par l’État mais par les waqfs, des fondations de gouverneurs et hauts fonctionnaires de l’administration impériale, de grands commerçants ou d’autres riches personnages. Au cours des siècles, les waqfs se juxtaposent et occupent peu à peu une part considérable de la masse urbaine. Si les waqfs ont fait l’objet de nombreuses études, celle-ci à la particularité de considérer le waqf d'une...

Que signifie l’investissement actuel pour une campagne chargée de réassurer nos identités ? Étant de plus en plus nombreux à être citadins, ne s’agit-il donc là pour nous que d’une nostalgie ? Les ethnologues, géographes et sociologues dont les travaux sont rassemblés dans ce volume montrent la complexité du phénomène. S’il est vrai que la patrimonialisation de la campagne peut parfois prendre çà et là des accents passéistes, il ne s’agit que d’un effet trompeur. Dans ces reconquêtes, il ne s’agit pas seulement pour les ruraux de témoigner des valeurs qui les ont fait tenir ; il s’agit aussi, pour une société toute entière (anciens et nouveaux habitants), de se réapproprier un bien commun à partir de projets tournés vers l’avenir. Une multitude d’acteurs - associations, élus, techniciens, agriculteurs, entreprises agroalimentaires, professionnels du tourisme ou de la culture - débattent, à travers la « mise en patrimoine » d’un territoire, d’un foie gras, d’une race domestique, d’un champagne ou d’un savoir-faire..., d’autres types de rapport au monde (à l’espace, au temps, à l’habiter, au corps...) qu’il convient d’instituer. Et, patrimoine ne rimant ni avec « folklore » ni avec fermeture sur soi, ces articles démontrent que, pour y réussir, ce sont les avis de ces acteurs qu’il convient, avant tout, de prendre en compte. Cet ouvrage est issu d’un programme de recherche collectif financé par la mission du Patrimoine ethnologique du ministère de la Culture en 1994 et 1995 et intitulé « Nouveaux usages de la campagne et patrimoine ». Il est le résultat d’une animation scientifique qui, outre les responsables de la présente publication, a mobilisé sous l’autorité de la mission du Patrimoine ethnologique de nombreuses personnalités de la recherche et de la valorisation des territoires ruraux. Citons ceux qui nous ont accompagné dans la rédaction des textes de l’appel d’offres et dans les séminaires organisés aux Moussières et à Die : Noël Barbe, Jean Davallon, Françoise Dubost, Thierry Geffray, Philippe Goergen, Pierre-Antoine Landel, François Portet, Yvon Lamy, Bernadette Lizet, André Pitte. Qu’ils soient tous ici chaleureusement remerciés.

This study analyses the strategies used by Genoese merchants to control trade and credit in Aragon between 1580 and 1620 without arousing social opposition, unlike the French merchants in the rest of the seventeenth century. The adaptation of their business both to the political and economic context and to the legal and institutional framework of the kingdom made it easier for them to gain the acceptance of the elites of Aragon and the representatives of the Spanish monarchy. Endogamous marriages were encouraged among the Genoese and any aspiration to political posts or honorary offices was sidelined to favour their professional progress. Only some decided to establish roots by marrying into regional petty noble families, acquiring houses, land and long-term debt in order to obtain income and create lordships and entailed estates, bringing their way of life close to that of the petty nobility.

Es la intencionalidad de este libro es la de proporcionar un marco de análisis común para la acción colectiva agroecológica. Se trata de proporcionar los argumentos epistemológicos y teóricos que empujan hacia la construcción y desarrollo de este campo para tratar de hacer operativa la lucha por la sostenibilidad agraria o agroalimentaria. Se trata, también, de elaborar un relato de la crisis agroalimentaria que pueda ser no solo compartido por una mayoría significativa de cuantos trabajan en este campo, sino también proporcionar un análisis común en el que incardinar las propuestas que puedan encaminar de manera adecuada la acción colectiva, desde una perspectiva agroecológica. Muchos y de distinta naturaleza son los diagnósticos que se hacen sobre la crisis agroalimentaria y muchos de ellos con poco contenido agroecológico. Se trata, en definitiva, de sentar las bases teóricas y metodológicas de una estrategia agroecológica común.

This Element concerns language learning in the age of Global English. Learning just English fails to achieve the desired results. It proposes a new matrix of rationales for language learning, advocating an interconnected, socially embedded justification for language learning. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Published

Public Health is regarded as the basis and cornerstone of health, generally and in medicine. Defined as the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals, this discipline has been renewed by the incorporation of multiple actors, professions, knowledge areas and it has also been impacted and promoted by multiple technologies, particularly - the information technology. As a changing field of knowledge, Public Health requires evidence-based information and regular updates. Current Topics in Public Health presents updated information on multiple topics related to actual areas of interest in this growing and exciting medical science, with the conception and philosophy that we are working to improve the health of the population, rather than treating diseases of individual patients, taking decisions about collective health care that are based on the best available, current, valid and relevant evidence, and finally within the context of available resources. With participation of authors from multiple countries, many from developed and developing ones, this book offers a wide geographical perspective. Finally, all these characteristics make this book an excellent update on many subjects of world public health.

Identity has become the watchword of our times. In sub-Saharan Africa, this certainly appears to be true and for particular reasons. Africa is urbanising rapidly, cross-border migration streams are swelling and globalising influences sweep across the continent. Africa is also facing up to the challenge of nurturing emergent democracies in which citizens often feel torn between older traditional and newer national loyalties. Accordingly, collective identities are deeply coloured by recent urban as well as international experience and are squarely located within identity politics where reconciliation is required between state nation-building strategies and sub-national affiliations. They are also fundamentally shaped by the growing inequality and the poverty found on this continent. These themes are explored by an international set of scholars in two South African and two Francophone cities. The relative importance to urban residents of race, class and ethnicity but also of work, space and language are compared in these cities. This volume also includes a chapter investigating the emergence of a continental African identity. A recent report of the Office of the South African President claims that a strong national identity is emerging among its citizens, and that race and ethnicity are waning whilst a class identity is in the ascendance. The evidence and analyses within this volume serve to gauge the extent to which such claims ring true, in what everyone knows is a much more complex and shifting terrain of shared meanings than can ever be captured by such generalisations.