Open Access Books

Im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit steht die theoretische Analyse des Wohlfahrtseffekts, den der Einsatz der medizinischen Diagnostik beim Patienten auslösen kann. Die Abbildung dieses Nutzeneffekts erfolgt in einem entscheidungstheoretischen Ansatz, der es zugleich gestattet, die Bedeutung wichtiger Einflußgrößen wie z.B. der medizinischen Ausgangslage oder der diagnostischen Information zu diskutieren. Darüber hinaus möchte die Arbeit einen Beitrag zur Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse diagnostischer Maßnahmen leisten, indem der Nutzen für den Patienten mit Hilfe eines speziellen Zahlungsbereitschaftskonzepts dargestellt und eingehend untersucht wird.

Religious manuscripts from ancient and early colonial Mexico offer a direct pathway into indigenous worldviews through the uniquely Mesoamerican medium of pictography. During the thousands of years preceding Spanish invasion, a complex calendrical system developed in the region, forming the basic organizing principle of this pictorial language. This book offers new interpretations and insights on both calendrics and the related iconography of Mesoamerican religious manuscripts, based on the author’s field work in the Sierra Mazateca in northern Oaxaca. Detailed calendrical analysis is included, along with audio recordings of chants, prayers, and ceremonies available as an online download. The author’s novel approach questions accepted notions of divination, chronology, and the dichotomy between ritual and historical time.

This open access book gathers different case studies of resilience and coping strategies in hunter-gatherer societies who were confronted with natural hazards. Joined in this book, authors display a range of strategies how people could face natural hazards and climate change, how they manage stress at a group or personal level, and how they transmit their knowledge about dreadful events and successful responses to later generations. Consequently, this book is primarily for a scientific audience focused on hunter-gatherers but will also provide insights for those interested in human responses to crisis and change.

This volume explores morphosyntactic change in the Late Modern Swedish period from the 18th century and onwards. This period is interesting, for a number of reasons. This is when Swedish is established as a national standard language. New genres emerge, and the written language becomes more generally available to all speakers. We also sometimes find diverging developments in the different North Germanic languages, and some of the much-discussed differences between Danish, Norwegian and Swedish are established during this period. In addition, during the 19th and 20th centuries, the traditional dialects undergo more dramatic changes than ever. Yet, the Late Modern Swedish period has previously received fairly little attention in the syntactic literature. This volume aims to remedy this, with studies that cover several different grammatical domains, including case and verbal syntax, word order and agreement, and grammaticalization in the nominal domain. The study by Cecilia Falk investigates the possibility of promoting an indirect object to subject in a passive, that emerges during the period. A chapter by Fredrik Valdeson studies change in the use of ditransitive verbs, from a constructional perspective. Three chapters are concerned with word order change. The study by Ida Larsson and Björn Lundquist investigates the development of a strict word order in particle constructions. Adrian Sangfelt studies the possibility of having adverbials (and other constituents) between the separate verbal heads in complex VPs in the final stages of the shift from OV to VO order. Erik M. Petzell investigates embedded verb placement and agreement morphology in the Viskadalian dialect, which on the surface seems to contradict the Rich Agreement Hypothesis. Mikael Kalm discusses the emergence of different kinds of adverbial infinitival clauses in the standard written language compared to Övdalian. Finally, the study by Lars-Olof Delsing is concerned with a case of grammaticalization in the nominal domain, specifically the development of the gradable adjectives mycket ‘much’ and lite ‘little’ into quantifiers.

For a long time, Europe’s colonizing powers justified their urge for expansion with the conviction that they were ‘bringing civilization to territories where civilization was lacking.’ This doctrine of white superiority and indigenous inferiority was accompanied by a boundless exploitation of local labor. Under colonial rule, the ideology that later became known as neoliberalism was free to subject labor to a capitalism tainted by racialized policies. This political economy has now become dominant in the Western world, too, and has reversed the trend towards equality. In Colonialism, Capitalism and Racism, Jan Breman shows how racial favoritism is no longer contained to ‘faraway, indigenous peoples,’ but has become a source of polarization within Western societies as well.

Carl Bilfinger war Professor für öffentliches Recht in Halle, Heidelberg und Berlin. Von 1943 bis 1945 und 1949 bis 1954 leitete er als Nachfolger seines Cousins Viktor Bruns das Kaiser-Wilhelm-/Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht. Seit 1924 Weggefährte und Anhänger Carl Schmitts, bejahte Bilfinger eine extensive Auslegung des Weimarer Präsidialsystems, von Diktatur und Nationalsozialismus. Die Dokumentation rekonstruiert Bilfingers politische Biographie erstmals aus den Quellen. Sie entdeckt ihn als "Schmittianer", publiziert signifikante Texte Bilfingers sowie weitere Dokumente zu seiner umstrittenen Wirkung als Institutsdirektor und schließt erste Interpretationen seiner Rolle als Völkerrechtler an. Mit Beiträgen von Prof. Dr. Felix Lange, LL.M., M.A. | Dr. Martin Otto | Prof. Dr. Marcus M. Payk

In Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Discrimination Holning Lau offers an incisive review of the conceptual questions that arise as legal systems around the world grapple with whether and how to protect people against sexual orientation and gender identity discrimination. Readership: All interested in LGBT rights (i.e., SOGI rights). This audience ranges from students to seasoned LGBT rights experts who specialize in a particular country/region and are seeking to learn about other parts of the world.

In dieser Arbeit werden die Implikationen der Maastrichter Budgetkriterien für die Verschuldungsautonomie der deutschen Gebietskörperschaften untersucht. Es werden zunächst die qualitativen und quantitativen Unterschiede zwischen den europarechtlichen und den geltenden bundesdeutschen Verschuldungsgrenzen herausgearbeitet. Unter Anwendung der Staatsschulden - und Föderalismustheorie wird sodann die Zweckmäßigkeit dezentralisierter Verschuldungskompetenzen analysiert. Es zeigt sich, daß die Ausstattung aller föderalen Ebenen mit dem Recht zur Kreditaufnahme eine Reihe wichtiger Vorteile hat. Die Umsetzung der Maastrichter Budgetkriterien erfordert daher eine Koordinierung der Verschuldungspolitik von Bund, Ländern und Gemeinden. Hierfür werden verschiedene Lösungsansätze diskutiert.

The idea that digital and physical space are increasingly interconnected, and that architecture and urban design should be conceptualised beyond buildings, streets and so on, is rather old and well understood. What is less clear is the fact that digital space is socially and politically ‘produced’ in similarly complex ways to the physical. It is thus subject to power structures, manipulation tactics, fundamental rights, borders and constraints, despite its perceived ‘infiniteness’.

Die Akzentgrammatik ist der erste Teil einer umfassenden Untersuchung zum mittelbulgarischen Flexionsakzent auf der Basis der bislang unveröffentlichten Handschrift Evangelie 1139 (N BKM )1, eines bulgarisch-kirchenslavischen Tetraevangeliums vom Ende des 14. Jahrhunderts.Kernstück der Arbeit ist die synchrone Beschreibung des Akzentverhaltens in der Nominal- und Verbalflexion, begleitet von einem der jeweiligen Flexionsklasse nachgestellten historisch-sprachvergleichenden Kommentar. Ergänzt wird die grammatische Darstellung durch den zweiten Teil, das Akzentwörterbuch, ein vollständiges Wort- und Formenverzeichnis des der Untersuchung zugrunde liegenden Sprachmaterials. II. Akzentwörterbuch.

Plumage color, comb shape, individual size or eggshell color... As early as the beginning of the XXth century, scientists identified the single-gene determinism of some visible traits that define the different chicken breeds. In 2004, the sequencing of the chicken genome revolutionized the study of domestication and breed genetic diversity, making it possible to reconstruct their history and precisely determine the genes responsible for visible traits. Today, molecular diagnostic tests can also be used to help interpret phenotypes, particularly in the case of crossbred animals. Inspired by Gérard Coquerelle's book (Les poules. Diversité génétique visible, Inra, 2000), this book revisits the visible genetic diversity of hens, integrating the new knowledge provided by molecular genetics and addressing the mechanisms leading to the variations observed and to certain metabolic defects. It presents the fundamental principles of Mendelian genetics, uses pedagogical diagrams to explain interactions between genes themselves or with the environment, and describes over 30 genes used by breeders since the beginning of chicken domestication, well before knowing the genome. This book is aimed at amateur or industrial breeders, teachers at general or agricultural high schools and researchers interested in the comparative genetics of birds and mammals.

This book reconsiders the role of order and structure in syntax, focusing on fundamental issues such as word order and grammatical functions. The first group of papers in the collection asks what word order can tell us about syntactic structure, using evidence from V2, object shift, word order gaps and different kinds of movement. The second group of papers all address the issue of subjecthood in some way, and examine how certain subject properties vary across languages: expression of subjects, expletive subjects, quirky and locative subjects. All of the papers address in some way the tension between modelling what can vary across languages whilst improving our understanding of what might be universal to human language.

In Incidental Archaeologists, Bonnie Effros examines the archaeological contributions of nineteenth-century French military officers, who, raised on classical accounts of warfare and often trained as cartographers, developed an interest in the Roman remains they encountered when commissioned in the colony of Algeria. By linking the study of the Roman past to French triumphant narratives of the conquest and occupation of the Maghreb, Effros demonstrates how Roman archaeology in the forty years following the conquest of the Ottoman Regencies of Algiers and Constantine in the 1830s helped lay the groundwork for the creation of a new identity for French military and civilian settlers. Effros uses France's violent colonial war, its efforts to document the ancient Roman past, and its brutal treatment of the region's Arab and Berber inhabitants to underline the close entanglement of knowledge production with European imperialism. Significantly, Incidental Archaeologists shows how the French experience in Algeria contributed to the professionalization of archaeology in metropolitan France. Effros demonstrates how the archaeological expeditions undertaken by the French in Algeria and the documentation they collected of ancient Roman military accomplishments reflected French confidence that they would learn from Rome's technological accomplishments and succeed, where the Romans had failed, in mastering the region.

The current work analyzes degradation effects in solid-oxide fuel cell anodes with the phase-field method. A model extension for interface diffusion is formulated and calibrated. Large-scale 3D-simulations provide interesting insights into phenomena at the microscale which are responsible for the degradation

"This handbook presents cutting-edge research on Asian transnationalism written by experts in the areas of migration, diaspora, ethnicity, gender, language, education, politics, media, art, popular culture, and literature from a diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives. The Asian region not only constitutes one of the largest diasporic populations in the world but also the most diversified diasporas in terms of their historical trajectories of emigration, geographical spread, economic and political strength, socio-cultural integration in the host country, and transnational engagement with the homeland. Divided thematically into six broad sections the chapters in this handbook critically discuss and debate some of the pertinent issues of Asian transnationalism: • Contextualizing Asian Transnationalism • Transnationalism and Socio-Cultural Identities • Transnationalism, Education, and Infrastructure • Transnationalism, Gender, and Development • Transnationalism and Dynamics of Diasporic Politics • Transnationalism, Art, and Media The Routledge Handbook of Asian Transnationalism will be an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, and students interested in the study of international migration, Asian diaspora, and transnationalism. "