Open Access Books

Surviving Revolution explores how two wealthy and well-connected families with roots in Lyon responded to the French Revolution and the resulting transformations. In building a new political system based on liberty, equality, and fraternity, the French Revolution encouraged both individuals and families to recognize their power to shape the world through political action, rethink their strategies in negotiating intimate relations and family life, and assess both terrifying new risks and enticing opportunities for advancement. Denise Z. Davidson traces two families' trajectories and weaves together the strategies they employed to survive and hopefully thrive in the decades that followed the Revolution. Their private correspondence shows that affect and interest, intimacy and property, are mutually constitutive, and cannot be "thought" separately. Her analysis reveals what it meant to be bourgeois, how gender played a role in the formation of class identities, and how family and emotional life overlapped with other arenas. These social and cultural themes are woven into the narrative through the stories told in the families' letters. By viewing dramatic historical events through the eyes of people who lived through them, Surviving Revolution illuminates how the practices of everyday life shaped emerging notions of bourgeois identity.

This handbook holistically summarises the principles for the energy retrofitting of historic buildings, from the first diagnosis to the adequately designed intervention: preservation of the historic structure, user comfort, and energy efficiency. The content was developed by an interdisciplinary team of researchers. The wide range of different expertise, design examples, calculations, and measuring results from eight case studies makes this manual an indispensable tool for all architects, engineers, and energy consultants.

This Edited Volume, Fertility Preservation - Theory and Practice Experience , is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters that offer a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of gynecology. The book comprises single chapters authored by various researchers and edited by experts in obstetrics and gynecology research. All chapters are complete in themselves but united under a common research study topic. This publication aims to provide a thorough overview of the latest research by international authors and to open new research avenues for further novel developments.

Nowadays drivers have to get along with an increasing complex visual environment in road traffic. There are not only distractions available within the vehicle, like radio, navigation system and passengers. The environment outside the car becomes also more and more complex. Car drivers’ gaze behaviour while being distracted is studied on the basis of some examples. Furthermore different performance indicators are analysed.

»Hypothetical consent with special consideration of living organ donation«: If a patient consents to a medical measure on the basis of sufficient information, the measure is justified by the actual consent, even if the doctor providing the information did not fully comply with his duty to inform the patient. It is proven that the information basis is sufficient for the patient if it is proven that the patient would have consented even if he had been properly informed.

Between c. 1350 and 1550, English sculptors carved thousands of panels depicting religious scenes from alabaster quarries around Nottingham. Exported throughout Europe, these polychrome reliefs were originally usually assembled to form altarpieces. Their coloured epidermis, an integral part of these works that can be termed three-dimensional paintings, has now often disappeared. A multidisciplinary team (art historian, archaeologist, artist and specialist in ancient polychromy, 3D engineers and optodigital researcher) has analysed and reconstructed the polychromy of several of these English panels preserved in the Bordeaux region. The physico-chemical analyses made it possible to determine the nature of the materials used and to recreate the paints used by the alabastermen. These data were used to produce an alabaster facsimile as well as two 3D models with their digital polychromy. As the polychromy of English alabaster works is highly standardised, these examples can be considered as representative of the appearance that the vast majority of the panels must have showed. The study thus allows us to address broader themes, such as the aesthetic and symbolic qualities of the colours used by the alabastermen, or the way in which these were perceived by the medieval viewer.

IDEA4 is a method for assessing and analyzing farm sustainability. Its theoretical framework combines a dual approach based on the three dimensions of sustainability - agroecological, socio-territorial, economic - and the five properties of sustainable agricultural systems: productive and reproductive capacity of goods and services, autonomy, robustness, territorial anchorage, global responsibility. This dual reading of sustainability is a major innovation in the international panorama of indicator-based methods for assessing sustainability. The IDEA4 method is an operational tool that can be directly applied to the main agricultural production systems in mainland France and Europe in general. IDEA4 can also be used as a theoretical support and evaluation tool for other agricultural systems around the world, subject to a few adjustments. Its fifty-three indicators are calculated and aggregated in a transparent and scientifically justified way. It can be implemented over a reasonable timescale, thanks to operational support for data processing and results production (explanatory sheets, survey guide, calculator, WEB-IDEA platform, etc.). The IDEA4 method can be used to identify paths of progress towards greater sustainability in individual or collective agro-ecological transition initiatives. It is already widely used in agricultural and higher education, in consulting and support activities for agro-ecological transition, in public action to implement and monitor programs, and in research.

Comment intériorise-t-on des normes et des valeurs qui nous sont extérieures ? Comment des processus sociohistoriques sont-ils incarnés par des individus et des institutions ? Posant ces questions fondamentales de la sociologie à un terrain difficile d’accès et des archives inédites, ce livre nous rappelle que l’objet sociologique est conquis plutôt que donné et inséparable de la reconstruction de son histoire. L’auteure y interroge l’internationalisme politique à travers le prisme de l’éducation. Comment le qualificatif « international », qui désignait depuis le milieu du xixe siècle les relations entre des États-nations, est-il venu à désigner dans l’entre-deux guerres une « mentalité » spécifique et l’intériorité même de certains individus ainsi symboliquement séparés de tous les autres ? Comment s’est construite la légitimité des écoles dites internationales ? Comment expliquer leur élitisme ? L’auteure répond à ces questions à partir du cas du baccalauréat international, diplôme privé de fin d’études secondaires chapeauté par une organisation à but non lucratif. C’est en examinant la construction sociohistorique des normes unifiant des lycées à l’échelle intercontinentale, au-delà de la diversité prônée, qu’elle offre des pistes pour expliquer leurs configurations actuelles. Ce livre offre une analyse inédite de ce que veut dire « être international » aujourd’hui.

»The Open-Purpose Partnership. A Contribution to Further Developing Commercial Law into a Law of Companies«: With the MoPeG coming into effect, the legislature has fundamentally modernized the law governing partnerships. Despite the new implementation, the distinction between partnerships in regard to the purpose they pursue remained unaltered. This thesis questions the concept of a merchant and argues in favor of creating a partnership with an open purpose approach in the medium term, which only comes into existence only through entry in a register.

This new handbook provides a comprehensive and multidisciplinary overview of the theoretical and empirical aspects of state recognition in international politics. Although the recognition of states plays a central role in shaping global politics, it remains an under-researched and widely dispersed subject. Coherently and innovatively structured, the handbook brings together a group of international scholars who examine the most important theoretical and comparative perspectives on state recognition, including debates about pathways to secession and self-determination, the broad range of actors and strategies that shape the recognition of states and a significant number of contemporary case studies. The handbook is organised into four key sections: Theoretical and normative perspectives Pathways to independent statehood Actors, forms and the process of state recognition Case studies of contemporary state recognition This handbook will be of great interest to students of foreign policy, international relations, international law, comparative politics and area studies. Chapter 19 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license www.routledge.com/9780815354871

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland has functioned without interruption for over a century, yet its intermediate position can obscure the importance of its judgments. This book demonstrates the Court of Appeal’s pivotal role in securing justice, both by correcting lower court decisions and by developing the common law. It examines, in particular, how the Court has applied and developed the rule of law in a post-conflict society. Authored by experts in the law of Northern Ireland, this compelling text is based on archival research, statistical and qualitative case analyses, court observations, and exclusive interviews with senior judges.

Nicholas Shapiro examines the US government's distribution of over 120,000 toxic trailers following Hurricane Katrina, their devastating health effects, and the need to create new forms of accountability and change.

Film and the Natural History of Destruction explores the interface between film, memory and ecological thought. It addresses several areas of crucial importance for contemporary film and media studies: biopolitics and ecological catastrophe, cultural memory and film in the Anthropocene, media archaeology and the environmental humanities and, of course, the abiding relevance of Walter Benjamin’s work for critical theory and film studies. Benjamin’s essays on media and modernity have long been regarded as important texts for film studies. The concept of natural history, however, remains a neglected tool in Benjamin’s critical arsenal yet may provide a valuable theoretical resource for analysing the visual culture of the Anthropocene. As a medium of preservation, transmission, transformation and decay, film is inherently bound up in processes of natural and historical destruction. Film images, like fossils or ruins, reveal the imprint of history as it is embedded in forms of nonhuman temporality and nonhuman life. Alan Wright brings such moments of discontinuity and dislocation into stark relief by examining images and scenes from the films of Roberto Rossellini, Belà Tarr and David Lynch, alongside recent work by Bill Morrison, John Akomfrah and Patricio Guzmán. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Praca ma na celu doświadczenie przez uczestnika spaceru (turystę, studenta, ucznia) zmian krajobrazu w północnej części tzw. Starego Polesia w Łodzi, zdecydowanie rzadziej odwiedzanego zarówno przez mieszkańców jak i turystów. Miejsca zostały dobrane w ten sposób, aby ukazać specyfikę tej części miasta oraz tempo i zakres zmian krajobrazu, które tutaj zaszły i nadal zachodzą. W spacer może wprowadzić film Zbigniewa Górniaka „Stare Polesie” przybliżający, zanikający już klimat i krajobraz, niektórych miejsc tej części miasta. Pierwotny wygląd wybranych miejsc na Starym Polesiu uczestnik spaceru może dostrzec w terenie, odczytać z archiwalnych map, rycin i fotografii albo wyobrazić sobie na podstawie załączonych opisów. Wybrane punkty spaceru – miejsca znaczące – nawiązują do różnych okresów rozwoju Łodzi, łącznie z najnowszymi zmianami. Osoba doświadczająca krajobrazu tej części miasta może wykorzystać podczas spaceru większość zmysłów. Doświadczyć ciszy na Cmentarzu Starym, hałasu samochodów jadących po bruku ulicy Legionów czy dźwięków muzyki dobiegających z Akademii Muzycznej i Teatru Arlekin, obok których przebiega wyznaczona trasa. Jedną z propozycji jest wykorzystanie metody refotografii w celu ukazania zmian pojedynczych obiektów lub miejsc. W pracy wykorzystano również mapy historyczne i ortofotomapy z różnych lat, aby uczestnik spaceru sam mógł określić zakres zmian krajobrazu miasta.

Over the last decades, the growing prevalence of insulin resistance has dramatically contributed to the global epidemic of metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, there is an unmet need for novel nutritional and pharmacological strategies aimed to prevent or treat insulin resistance and its related comorbidities. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology and clinical consequences of insulin resistance in different settings, describing novel diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets of this condition.