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Cet ouvrage étudie une population espagnole déportée, de plus de 50 000 personnes — prisonniers de guerre, marins, otages, suspects — dans ses comportements nationaux et catégoriels. Les opinions politiques s’y dévoilent, saisies à travers les évasions, la prestation ou le refus du serment de soumission au roi Joseph Bonaparte, les incorporations dans l’armée impériale, la correspondance interceptée que les déportés échangeaient entre eux. Le système de déportation fonctionne dans les faits, à l’échelon local, de manière plus chaotique qu’on ne l’aurait imaginé : depuis l’incarcération impitoyable des résistants illustres et des « exaltés » dans des forteresses jusqu’à la constitution de dizaines de « bataillons de travailleurs » chargés, ici et là, de creuser des canaux, d’assécher des marécages et de construire des routes. Émanant de diverses classes de la population et régions de France, les documents d’archives témoignent enfin de la façon dont les sujets de l’Empereur, loin d’imiter leur souverain crispé dans ses préjugés et sa rancœur anti-ibériques, réagissent plutôt favorablement devant cette masse, d’étrangers qui, cessant d’être à leurs yeux des ennemis détestables, sont souvent considérés comme des alliés malheureux, en vertu d’affinités politiques et religieuses dont la ferveur irrite les partisans de Napoléon.

This book is a compendium of chapters resulting from research covering various areas of systems engineering, including topics such as: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Capability and Maturity Model Integrated (CMMI), Enterprise Architecture, Geo-referencing services, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), technologies applied to the health sector, box culverts, among others.

The inflammatory procceses of pancreatic gland can be acute and chronic. Acute pancreatitis constitutes the majority of cases requiring hospital admission in gastroenterology. We are yet to discover many things about its pathophysiology, which is a certain drawback for the progress in its treatment. Prediction of severity is necessary for the management plan. However, our progress in the field was significant in the recent decade and a leap forward is expected in this cumbersome condition which has many unmet needs. Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive inflammatory disease characterized by debilitating pain and pancreatic insufficiency. Although medical treatment and endoscopic interventions are primarily offered to patients with chronic pancreatitis, approximately around 50% will ultimately require palliative surgery.

Choc des civilisations vs/dialogue des civilisations ? Réalisme belliciste vs/irénisme moralisateur ? Renvoyant dos à dos ces représentations binaires idéologiquement efficaces et scientifiquement incertaines, Construire un monde ? propose de tenir ensemble dans la réflexion la mondialisation dont le mouvement apparaît imparable, le pluralisme que la première tend à réduire au nom d’une rationalité qu’elle incarnerait, et le principe d’universalisme qui représente le moyen d’éviter les replis...

Considering that the accepted juridical sources of Islam are valid for all times and places, ijtihad may be described as a creative but disciplined intellectual effort to derive legal rulings from those sources while taking into consideration the variables imposed by the fluctuating circumstances of Muslim society. Consigning ijtihad to be annals of history is a denial of the rationalistic, egalitarian, and humane aspects of a realistic and durable Faith. The act would be a repudiation of the requisites of changing times and of the clamoring need to rid the Ummah of its present baggage of malaise and enable it to forge ahead, inspiring other nations and communities. It can be proved historically that the Ummah only entered its current crisis after ijtihad fell into disuse and was gradually replaced by taqlid. It is only through ijtihad that Muslims will be able to construct a new specific methodological infrastructure capable of addressing the crisis of Islamic thought and so, propose alternatives for the many problems of the contemporary world. The courage that needs to accompany such a mission is tremendous, the methodology massive an meticulous. With this work, Dr. Al-Alwani has contributed to the debate on this vital issue. The very way he tackled it sometimes with boldness, sometimes with cautionshows that the debate is not an openand shut issue, and that it needs to be widen quickly in view of the urgency of the situation.

Although voluntary childlessness based on environmental concerns is increasingly in evidence, the relationship between environmental crises and reproductive intentions has not yet significantly entered academic debate. Nonetheless, it articulates concrete ways in which the perception of environmental crises (re)shapes people’s lives in western societies. In an attempt to explore human reproduction as a site of environmental interrogations, this research asks how environmental degradation is (re)shaping reproductive intentions and what the pathway is towards ‘environmental childlessness’. Mobilising different scholarship and ethnographic interviews, I propose that the pathway towards ‘environmental childlessness’ is informed by profound uncertainties about the future, ethical interrogations, and persistent pronatalism. More than an over-simplifying update of neo-Malthusian and apocalyptic thinking, interrogations of parenthood express a broader rejection of current capitalist ways of living. Furthermore, rather than signalling a pessimistic disengagement from the future, ‘environmental childlessness’ appears to be a bid to attain a ‘meaningful’ life. We extend our heartfelt thanks to the Vahabzadeh Foundation for financially supporting the publication of best works by young researchers of the Graduate Institute, giving a priority to those who have been awarded academic prizes for their master’s dissertations.

The excavation of an area within the grounds of the Prebendal, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, adjacent to the parish church of St Mary's, showed that the town, which lies on a slight spur, is sited within a univallate Iron Age hillfort. Early-Middle Iron Age activity included the creation of a notable ritual area contaning the burials of four children and a young woman, most accompanied by animals; and a 'bone mass' containing animal bone, mostly disarticulated. Within a generation or so of the deposit's creation, within the first half of the 4th century BC, a univallate hillfort was constructed which did not continue into the later Iron Age. Early in the Middle Saxon period a palisade trench was dug into the hillfort's ditch, which was replaced by a ditch in the 8th century. Both palisade and ditch were almost certainly the boundaries of an early minster church and it is very likely that the former existence of the hillfort influenced its siting here. An unusual piece of Merovingian glass with a moulded cross on its base is likely to have been one of the minster's possessions. The extensive minster cemetery and later Saxon development of the town is briefly noted. A significant Saxo-Norman grain deposit which has been radiocarbon dated to the 11th-12th centuries is described.

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Telle l’arche d’alliance qui contenait les Tables de la Loi, l’archive (archa communis) renferme comme un trésor les traces qui fondent l’identité et la mémoire collective des communautés, qu’elles soient laïques ou ecclésiastiques. À la fois multiples et singuliers ces héritages du passé constituent des secrets à explorer. Ils révèlent des faits objectifs, des moments de vie mais aussi ce que les hommes ont souhaité écrire et ce qu’ils ont voulu transmettre à la postérité. Évidentes autant qu’énigmatiques, on pourrait tout faire dire à ces vestiges, tout et son contraire. Le travail de l’historien est de les éclairer le mieux possible, le plus honnêtement, de déchirer le voile qui les occulte : l’archive appelle une mise à nu afin de, peut-être, toucher le réel. C’est à cet exercice parfois difficile que se sont pliés les contributeurs de ce volume qui ont voulu, de cette manière, rendre hommage à leur collègue et amie Nicole Gonthier. Ils livrent quelques documents pour la plupart inédits sur les thèmes de la justice, des sociétés urbaines et de l’histoire culturelle, dont les études sont appelées à servir de références méthodologiques et scientifiques.

To manage the influx of information into surgical practice, new man-machine interaction methods are necessary to prevent information overflow. This work presents an approach to automatically segment surgeries into phases and select the most appropriate pieces of information for the current situation. This way, assistance systems can adopt themselves to the needs of the surgeon and not the other way around.

The aim of Sharia Incorporated is to provide unbiased and contextual information about a topic that has of late been hijacked by politics in the Muslim world as well as in the West. Sharia Incorporated, written by laudable international scholars, is an ambitious study of the incorporation of Islamic law traditions into national legal systems. The book also explores the sensitive topic of ‘Western’ human rights and other rule of law standards in a Muslim world. It provides an in-depth analysis of the role of sharia in the historical and legal formation of twelve representative Muslim states, with a unique comparison of key issues raised by the ‘Islamic awakening’ of recent decades. In the preface Jan Michiel Otto goes to the heart of the prevailing environment in which Western discourses tend to oversimplify the substance and effect of Islam and sharia.

Having elicited much attention in the humanities in recent years, transcultural phenomena will, in all probability, remain a topic of debate in the near future. Being the product of a collaborative act of writing involving nine authors with different specializations, this study is an introduction to the study of phenomena of transcultural entanglement as well as an effort at systematically exploring this field of research from different medievalist perspectives.

Im Gegensatz zu Kunst gilt Kitsch als aufdringlich und wenig reflexiv. Doch ist diese Entgegensetzung nicht zu einfach gedacht? Könnte es nicht zahlreiche Zwischenstufen der Reflexivität geben? Thomas Küpper geht diesen Fragen nach und diskutiert dazu verschiedene Positionen aus Literatur, Philosophie, Film und Fernsehen, von Walter Benjamin bis André Rieu. Dabei zeigt er auf, dass Kitsch bestimmte Formen von Reflexivität braucht, um dem Publikum heile Welten, große Gefühle und kleine Fluchten bieten zu können: Wie beim Fiktionspakt im Sinne von Samuel Taylor Coleridge geht das Publikum einen Pakt mit dem Kitsch ein.

The 'Corner Country', where Queensland, South Australia and New South Wales now converge, was in Aboriginal tradition crisscrossed by the tracks of the mura, ancestral beings, who named the country as they travelled, linking place to language. Reproduced here is the story of the two Ngatyi, Rainbow Serpents, who travelled from the Paroo to the Flinders Ranges and back as far as Yancannia Creek, where their deep underground channels linked them back to the Paroo. Jeremy Beckett recorded these stories from George Dutton and Alf Barlow in 1957. Luise Hercus, who has worked on the languages in the area for many years, has collaborated with Jeremy Beckett to analyse the names and identify the places.