Open Access Books

Im 18. Jahrhundert befanden sich Zeiterfahrungen in einem tiefgreifenden Wandel: So lautet eine der einflussreichsten Thesen zum historischen Übergang in die ‚Moderne‘. Was aber bedeutet ‚Zeitenwandel‘, wenn er in soziokulturellen Praktiken nachvollzogen wird? Dieser Frage nimmt sich Mirjam Hähnle an und bezieht sie auf Forschungsreisen – jene Aktivität, die die Wissensordnungen des 18. Jahrhunderts entscheidend prägte. Ihre wissens- und kulturgeschichtliche Arbeit fokussiert auf die Arabien-Expedition (1761-1767) mit ihrem Hauptprotagonisten Carsten Niebuhr. Es wird deutlich, welch großen Stellenwert materielle Zeugen der Vergangenheit für die historischen Zeiterfahrungen der Nahost-Reisenden einnahmen: Relikte wurden zu begehrten Objekten sowie zu Kristallisationspunkten widersprüchlicher Zeitlichkeiten.

The sbe22 berlin D-A-CH conference as part of the SBE conference series campaign 2021–2023 will be hosted by the Natural Building Lab of TU Berlin in cooperation with KIT Karlsruhe, ETH Zürich and TU Graz. Based on the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals, participants at the hybrid conference in autumn 2022 will discuss the challenges and opportunities presented by current transformation projects and processes at local and regional levels. As part of the SBE network, researchers will have the chance to make links between local approaches and wider regional, continental and global trends. The conference will provide a designoriented, architectural and urban planning entry point to a broad inter- and transdisciplinary debate on the following themes: resource management and material flows, climate neutral buildings, post-fossil infrastructures, critical digitalisation and socio-political frames for transitions. These themes represent key solution fields to address sustainability challenges within the planning, construction and real estate sector.

Philippa Strum, our foremost authority on Louis Brandeis, gathers together for the first time a sterling selection from his most provocative and profound writings. A kind of "Portable Brandeis," this book provides a concise and readable guide to the thought of a truly great American.Brandeis, the Ralph Nader of the early twentieth century, was known as the "People's Attorney" for his continuous crusades on behalf of the public. He spoke before citizens' groups and legislative bodies, wrote articles for popular magazines, put his ideas about industrial democracy in the briefs he submitted as a lawyer and later in the opinions he wrote as a Supreme Court justice (19161938), and advised presidents Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Roosevelt. The problems Brandeis faced and the answers he fashioned could have leaped from today's newspapers: corruption in government, conflicts between majority rule and minority rights, movements to limit free speech and the right to privacy, gender equality, the importance of education, the causes of and possible solutions for poverty, the social costs of excessive political or corporate power, the uneasy relationship between lawyers and the public, efficiency and justice in the workplace, the tension between Federal power and states' autonomy, and the responsibility of citizens to their community.In all his endeavors, Brandeis emphasized both political and economic democracy, citizen participation, and a balance between rights and responsibilities. As leader of the American Zionist movement from 1914 through the 1930s, he dreamed of a democratic Jewish homeland in Palestine founded on Jeffersonian principles. And there were similar echoes of the Founding Fathers in his campaign against the corporate trusts in the United States. These selections from Brandeis's speeches, letters to family and colleagues, newspaper interviews, articles, and judicial opinions offer us the essence of Brandeis's genius and allow us to appreciate the range and relevance of his ideas for America today.

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This book explores the question of what it means to be a human being through sustained and original analyses of three important philosophical topics: relativism, skepticism, and naturalism in the social sciences. Kevin M. Cahill’s approach involves an original employment of historical and ethnographic material that is both conceptual and empirical in order to address relevant philosophical issues. Specifically, while Cahill avoids interpretative debates, he develops an approach to philosophical critique based on Cora Diamond’s and James Conant’s work on the early Wittgenstein. This makes possible the use of a concept of culture that avoids the dogmatism that not only typifies traditional metaphysics but also frequently mars arguments from ordinary language or phenomenology. This is especially crucial for the third part of the book, which involves a cultural-historical critique of the ontology of the self in Stanley Cavell’s work on skepticism. In pursuing this strategy, the book also mounts a novel and timely defense of the interpretivist tradition in the philosophy of the social sciences. Towards a Philosophical Anthropology of Culture will be of interest to researchers working on the philosophy of the social sciences, Wittgenstein, and philosophical anthropology. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780367638238, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This open access book provides a unique overview of geographical, historical, political and environmental issues facing the French overseas territory New Caledonia, also called “Kanaky” by the indigenous Kanak people, who outnumber citizens of European and other origin. New Caledonia has seen a long and complex struggle for decolonization, but is still on the United Nations’ list of “Non-Self Governing territories” and there is little sign of change following three referendums on independence and extensive negotiations with France. The archipelago possesses around a quarter of the world’s nickel deposits, giving it additional strategic importance when demand for the mineral is strong. The islands have unique biodiversity, and Caledonian coastal lagoons have been listed as UNESCO world heritage sites since 2008. The book offers detailed insights into the environmental and human geographies of the archipelago, with a focus on the linksbetween environmental protection and extensive mining operations, between political independence struggles and continued wellbeing and economic development, and the differing visions for the future of the islands. This multidisciplinary volume, one of the few to appear in English, appeals to researchers, students and policy makers across the environmental, social and political sciences. ;

This book contains a suite of original articles, case reports, and review articles on various aspects of travel medicine ranging from refugee and immigrant health to mass gathering medicine. It contains articles on infectious and environmental hazards of travel.

A leitura deste livro aponta um horizonte para todos aqueles que, de alguma maneira, estão sentindo também a necessidade de ultrapassar aquele caráter irrefletido das próprias práticas pedagógicas, o que favorece a atitude de tornar conscientes as resistências até então imperceptíveis, devido ao alheamento que geralmente permeia todas as ambiências educacionais na contemporaneidade. Esta pesquisa-ação, com ousadia e modéstia, mostrou ser possível a proposição de uma “Práxis de Alfabetização Educativo-Coletiva”, dentro de uma escala de maior abrangência pedagógica e educacional, para que possamos considerar a educação enquanto verdadeiramente humanizadora, em especial junto às crianças que compõem, assim como outros grupos humanos autoinsustentáveis, as partes mais frágeis do coletivo. A alfabetização integral das crianças, aliando afeto e generosidade, corresponde à autêntica comprovação de quão se tornam imprescindíveis a educação e os sujeitos diretamente envolvidos no contexto educacional. Nesse sentido, a educadora Isabel Sobral oferece uma contribuição significativa para fortalecer a ideia de que “semear a semente” constitui a maior fonte de dignidade docente.

When matters of investment and international operations are intertwined with elements of taxation, thorny issues tend to present themselves at the practitioner’s doorstep. Investment arbitration is sufficiently complex by itself, as are international tax arbitration cases. The reciprocal impact and potential interactions between international investment arbitration and international taxation is a topic where one must humbly1 acknowledge that there will never be a hard drive large enough to store all solutions to all issues that might arise.2 It might be difficult even for the best practitioner to anticipate how the tax liability in relation to the damages awarded to a claimant by an investment tribunal will be treated by the jurisdictions involved, or how a tax administration will address the taxation of a given operation between multiple related entities. One should therefore be particularly careful in managing risk. On the other hand, investment tribunals have struggled to juggle maintaining equilibrium between the rights of claimants and respondents in various instances, including tax audits and indirect expropriation cases. It is striking, however, that only in the recent past has academia begun to recognize the importance of knowing the main aspects of and interplay between taxation and investment arbitration. Relevant sums of money are at stake when taxation issues are argued in investment cases, and there is much that the dispute settlement regimes of both specialties of law may benefit from considering the best practices adopted by the other. This chapter will focus first on providing an introduction to the most relevant issues that could arise in relation to tax and international investment, giving particular weight to investment protection standards. It will then turn to consider international tax dispute resolution, and thirdly how the particular characteristics of this latter regime may be helpful in the context of the international investment arena.

Infertility affects approximately 15% of couples of reproductive age. High live birth rates rely on many advanced technologies in infertility treatment, including more accurate clinical diagnosis and patient management as well as state-of-the-art in vitro fertilization (IVF) technologies. This book discusses infertility and infertility treatments such as embryo implantation, non-invasive preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGT), oocyte cryopreservation, cryopreservation of small numbers of sperm, and embryo culture technologies. It delivers new information and data valuable to clinicians, embryologists, and others in infertility treatment.

Life depends on the ability of living organisms to effectively harness the chemical potential of their environment, namely the sun, for energy, and a certain number of molecules which exist on the Earth’s surface, such as water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. These molecules need to be activated if benefit is to be derived from them, which requires profound electronic modifications that only metal ions can provide. Truly extraordinary metalloenzymes with highly subtle mechanisms are r...

The series Lectures and Treatises on Slavic Studies, which has been published since 1980, offers opportunities for publication, especially for smaller monographs, which, in terms of their scope, are located between the journal article and the large book. It will cover topics from the whole area of ​​Slavic languages, literatures and cultures as well as their interrelations. In addition to investigations, bibliographies, research reports and editions are published. The authors of the previous volumes come from America, Canada, Germany, Finland, Poland, Russia, Switzerland, Slovenia, the Czech Republic and Hungary.

This book examines the meanings that were attached to the terms “parliament” and “parliamentarism” in the different historical and discursive contexts of the late Russian Empire, revolutionary and Soviet Russia, and the Soviet Union. It discusses those institutions referred to as parliaments by contemporaries, gives special attention to their functions, and traces the broader debates on parliamentarism within Russia and the Soviet Union, in Russian émigré circles, and among foreign observers. It highlights that only the late imperial and perestroika assemblies can be considered legislative institutions that expressed dissensus but argues that other assemblies, often referred to as “rubber-stamp” parliaments due to their lack of legislative competence and influence over other authorities, should not be dismissed. The Supreme Soviet, for instance, provided an integrative function binding society and elites in a top-down manner, while its deputies engaged in information acquisition and state micromanagement through interactions with their constituents. It also played an important role in interparliamentary relations and, as one of the first institutions of nominal parliamentarism in an autocratic single-party regime, of which there were many in the twentieth century, served as a model for numerous state socialist regimes. By addressing the role of parliaments in reassembling imperial spaces through political representation and the functions of nominal legislative institutions, the book explores the contribution of Russian and Soviet assemblies to global political modernity.

En este libro se presentan un conjunto de ensayos que discuten varios aspectos centrales a la relación entre pandemia y educación, que se inician en una mirada desde lo macro, examinando la dimensión política y la educación.

En 1908, afin de lutter contre le favoritisme qui mine autant l’efficacité de l’administration publique que la démocratie, le Parlement canadien décrète que les fonctionnaires de l’État seront dorénavant nommés selon le principe du mérite, en fonction de processus administrés par un organisme indépendant : la Commission de la fonction publique du Canada. Publié à l’occasion du centenaire de la commission, ce livre retrace l’histoire de ce principe et de cette institution, nés dans la controverse et, depuis, le sujet d’inlassables débats. Il permet de mieux comprendre la résilience exceptionnelle et la contribution unique de la commission à l’édification d’une administration publique indépendante, qui constitue un pilier important de la démocratie parlementaire canadienne. On y découvre également comment la commission a contribué, au fil des ans, à trouver un équilibre sans cesse renouvelé entre trois objectifs, reliés mais parfois contradictoires, associés à la dotation de l’administration publique d’une démocratie libérale : la neutralité politique de l’administration, l’égalité démocratique et l’efficacité en matière de gestion.