Open Access Books

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

This study examines the intersection of private and public spheres through the representation of memory in contemporary poetry by Irish women. Collins explores how memory shapes creativity in the work of well-known poets such as Eavan Boland, Eiléan Ní Chuilleanáin and Medbh McGuckian as well as in that of an exciting group of younger poets. This book analyses, for the first time, the complex responses to the past recorded by contemporary women poets in Ireland and the implications these have for the concept of a national tradition.

Consciousness' is central to the quest for being human and for what the world is made of. While there is widespread agreement on the significance of consciousness for clarifying the human condition, there is no agreement on the phenomenon in search of theorising. Although there is no shortage of theories and concepts of consciousness in current consciousness research, the dominant critical analysis of consciousness research in this study, although based on existing analyses, is (as far as I can see) new and unique in arguing for a crisis in consciousness research. This book touches on most aspects of consciousness research (the hard problem of conscious-ness, neural correlates of consciousness, brain models and consciousness, consciousness and dualistic thinking, etc.) but is a critical analysis of consciousness research. It is not an insider but a third-person perspective on current consciousness research. In this regard, it is different from most introductions and overviews where these topics are presented from a first-person perspective (the insiders' claim about their research). Representing the broad spectrum of consciousness research in terms of the theoretical framework of a neuro-ecological perspective is a new and innovative move.

Avec l’accès à la chimie du gène et de son fonctionnement, la cellule bactérienne offrait la possibilité de donner un contenu chimique et physique aux vieux concepts biologiques d’hérédité, de variation et d’évolution. Dès 1943, le physicien Erwin Schrödinger arrivait à la conclusion suivante : « L’élément essentiel d’un être vivant, la fibre chromosomique, présente la même solidité de structure qu’un cristal. Elle contient, écrit en langage chiffré, tout le devenir d’un organisme, de son dév...

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

South Africa and Botswana share a border with Zimbabwe, and ostensibly the same political system, but are these countries, and their neighbour Namibia, on the same political trajectory? Within southern Africa, there has been an observable increase in dominant party systems, in which one political party dominates over a prolonged period, within a democratic system with regular elections. This party system has replaced the one party system that dominated Africa’s political landscape after the first wave of liberations in the 1950s and 1960s. Other countries in the developing world, such as India, Mexico, South Korea and Taiwan, once had dominant party systems which have since developed into multi-party democracies. By comparing the political systems in southern Africa with these previously dominant party systems, this book seeks to understand the trend of dominant parties, and its implications. The salient question posed by this book is: Which route are Botswana, Namibia and South Africa taking? It answers by drawing conclusions to indicate whether these countries are moving towards liberal democracy, as in the four non-African comparisons; authoritarianism, as in Zimbabwe; or a road in between.

This first of two volumes on EMG (Electromyography) covers a wide range of subjects, from Principles and Methods, Signal Processing, Diagnostics, Evoked Potentials, to EMG in combination with other technologies and New Frontiers in Research and Technology. The authors vary in their approach to their subjects, from reviews of the field, to experimental studies with exciting new findings. The authors review the literature related to the use of surface electromyography (SEMG) parameters for measuring muscle function and fatigue to the limitations of different analysis and processing techniques. The final section on new frontiers in research and technology describes new applications where electromyography is employed as a means for humans to control electromechanical systems, water surface electromyography, scanning electromyography, EMG measures in orthodontic appliances, and in the ophthalmological field. These original approaches to the use of EMG measurement provide a bridge to the second volume on clinical applications of EMG.

What does it mean to take actions of one’s own to learn? How do human beings create meaning for themselves and with others? How can learners’ active efforts to build knowledge be encouraged and supported? In this edited compilation, scholars from a diverse range of academic and professional backgrounds address these questions, grounded in the conviction that the ability to take effective action of one’s own to learn is itself an essential form of knowledge. In an era of dramatic social, environmental and political change, the need to access vast amounts of information to make decisions demands that learners become active agents in their own knowledge development. Educators are transforming ideas about their role(s) as they strive to provide guidance to help learners take the lead in their own learning. Learners are building new ideas about their capacities to gather and organize information while working with others. No longer simply consumers of information, they are beginning to see themselves as capable and effective researchers. Researchers are also expanding ideas about their knowledge-gathering work and identities. No longer simply reporters of information, researchers are seeing themselves as learners, as they engage in deeper, more collaborative ways with participants in their research. Chapter authors describe their dedicated, and often career long journeys to show the vital connections between knowledge, acting to learn, identity and being. To engage in this work means disrupting traditional ideas about how knowledge is most effectively acquired. This book will inspire researchers, educators and educational planners as they build the kinds of new participative structures needed to support individual and collective actions to learn.

Local multipart music practices are based on the intentionally distinct and coordinated participation of music makers in the performing act. Following the rules of interaction while promoting at the same time their personal goals, the protagonists share their own treasure trove of experiences and cultural affiliations and shape sounds and values. Such complex and dynamic processes are central to the investigations of instrumentation and instrumentalization of sound. DVD: http://e-book.fwf.ac.at/o:1078

Wie läuft kreatives Arbeiten ab? Was bedeutet Kreativität für den Arbeitsalltag und wie wird in komplexen Organisationen Kreativität verankert? Am Beispiel der Arbeitspraxis in der Werbeindustrie rekonstruiert Hannes Krämer die Entdeckung, Formierung und Stabilisierung kreativer Produkte en détail. Hierbei zeichnet er ethnografisch die Entstehung eines Werbeprodukts anhand prägender Stationen nach und schließt so eine systematische Leerstelle: den Einblick in die konkrete Praxis künstlerisch-kreativer Arbeit in zeitgenössischen Ökonomien. Kreativarbeit erscheint demnach nicht vordergründig als mythische Tätigkeit, sondern als Ensemble kreativer Routinen.

This book offers a provocative account of interdisciplinary research across the neurosciences, social sciences and humanities. Setting itself against standard accounts of interdisciplinary 'integration,' and rooting itself in the authors' own experiences, the book establishes a radical agenda for collaboration across these disciplines. Rethinking Interdisciplinarity does not merely advocate interdisciplinary research, but attends to the hitherto tacit pragmatics, affects, power dynamics, and spatial logics in which that research is enfolded. Understanding the complex relationships between brains, minds, and environments requires a delicate, playful and genuinely experimental interdisciplinarity, and this book shows us how it can be done.

Advances in formal Slavic linguistics 2021 offers a selection of articles that were prepared on the basis of talks given at the conference Formal Description of Slavic Languages 14 or at the satellite workshop on secondary imperfectives in Slavic, which were held on June 2–5, 2021, at the University of Leipzig. The volume covers all branches of Slavic languages and features synchronic as well as diachronic analyses. It comprises a wide array of topics, such as degree achievements, clitic climbing in Czech and Polish, typology of Slavic l-participles, aspectual markers in Russian and Czech, doubling in South Slavic relative clauses, congruence and case-agreement in close apposition in Russian, cataphora in Slovenian, Russian and Polish participles, prefixation and telicity in Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian adjectives, negative questions in Russian and German and imperfectivity in discourse. The numerous topics addressed demonstrate the importance of Slavic data and the analyses presented in this collection make a significant contribution to Slavic linguistics as well as to linguistics in general.

In this book, five experienced Nordic L1-didactitians and teacher educators search for their professional roots as pupils, students, teachers, teacher educators, managers and researchers over a period of fifty years. In the form of the scientific essay, various historical professional struggles and processes that may lie behind this professionalisation are examined, partly from a critical perspective: Academisation, theorising, didacticisation, textualisation, and internationalisation, especially within first language (L1), L1 didactics and L1 didactic research. Documentation and discussion of the complex relationship between institutionalised academic operations and personal and collective knowledge development nevertheless constitute a main line in the presentation. The L1 subjects in which the descriptions are anchored are Danish, Finnish Swedish, Norwegian and Swedish. The contributions provide personal, experience-based, historical representations of the development contextualized with the narrators' own research in the field as well as descriptions of general development trends within schools, education, and society. A framing chapter provides methodological and theoretical premises for the texts and a concluding chapter analyses the content of and discusses the outcome of the essays. The book is aimed at anyone who is interested in the development of professional teacher training on a Nordic basis, especially native language and subject didactics. Although Per-Olof Erixon and Sigmund Ongstad are editors, the book has been created in close collaboration with the other contributors, Sven-Erik Hansén, Ellen Krogh, and Jon Smidt.

Anna Seward and her career defy easy placement into the traditional periods of British literature. Raised to emulate the great poets John Milton and Alexander Pope, maturing in the Age of Sensibility, and publishing during the early Romantic era, Seward exemplifies the eighteenth-century transition from classical to Romantic. Claudia Thomas Kairoff’s excellent critical study offers fresh readings of Anna Seward’s most important writings and firmly establishes the poet as a pivotal figure among late-century British writers. Reading Seward’s writing alongside recent scholarship on gendered conceptions of the poetic career, patriotism, provincial culture, sensibility, and the sonnet revival, Kairoff carefully reconsiders Seward’s poetry and critical prose. Written as it was in the last decades of the eighteenth century, Seward’s work does not comfortably fit into the dominant models of Enlightenment-era verse or the tropes that characterize Romantic poetry. Rather than seeing this as an obstacle for understanding Seward’s writing within a particular literary style, Kairoff argues that this allows readers to see in Seward’s works the eighteenth-century roots of Romantic-era poetry. Arguably the most prominent woman poet of her lifetime, Seward’s writings disappeared from popular and scholarly view shortly after her death. After nearly two hundred years of critical neglect, Seward is attracting renewed attention, and with this book Kairoff makes a strong and convincing case for including Anna Seward's remarkable literary achievements among the most important of the late eighteenth century.

Wag the Dog became a media event and a cultural icon because it inadvertently short-circuited the distance that is supposed to separate reality and fiction. The examination of the historical and social context in which it was produced, exhibited and received worldwide enables the author to illuminate a series of changes in the way a fiction film reflects and interacts with reality, urging us to reconsider some of our central and long-standing concepts or even paradigms in film theory. Eleftheria Thanouli provides new insights into a series of issues from both classical and contemporary film theory, such as the conceptual and ontological stakes in the use of digital technology, the impact of mass media on public memory and the political role of cinema in a globalized and conglomerated world.