Open Access Books

Autor przedstawia instrumentarium prawne obrotu nieruchomościami w Krakowie i podkrakowskim Kazimierzu w średniowieczu. Za podstawę źródłową posłużyły księgi sądów obu miast – w istocie jedyne świadectwo tego obrotu. Temat okazał się trudny do naukowego opracowania, ponieważ w księgach brak tekstów umów. Z tego powodu dotychczas go nie poruszano. W miarę obfite informacje pośrednie pozwalają jednak na podjęcie wysiłku jego zbadania. Nieruchomości, zwłaszcza budynki miejskie, bardzo często przechodziły z rąk do rąk, głównie poprzez umowy kupna-sprzedaży. Odnotowywano to w księgach w postaci wzdania, czyli zrzekania się przez zbywcę prawa własności na rzecz nabywcy. Nieruchomości miejskie często bywały też zabezpieczeniem wierzytelności. Pozostałe formy obrotu prawnego, takie jak zamiana, darowizna, dzierżawa czy najem, występowały znacznie rzadziej. Miasto sprawowało kontrolę nad obrotem nieruchomościami miejskimi poprzez nakaz wpisu do ksiąg ławniczych i niechętny stosunek do nabywania ich przez osoby nieposiadające praw miejskich. Udział monarchy był niewielki. Na uwagę zasługuje aktywność kobiet jako stron kontraktu. W księgach rzadko opisywano spory związane z obrotem nieruchomościami, natomiast często odnotowywano przypadki ugodowego ich rozstrzygania. Prawa bliskich są w księgach obecne, jednak nie działały hamująco na obrót prawny nieruchomościami. Publikacja została wyposażona w tabele, które służą źródłowej podbudowie tez autora.

Swarming has become a fundamental cultural technique related to dynamic processes and an effective metaphor for the collaborative efforts of society. This book examines the media history of swarm research and its significance to current socio-technological processes. It shows that the hype about collective intelligence is based on a reciprocal computerization of biology and biologization of computer science: After decades of painstaking biological observations in the ocean, experiments in aquariums, and mathematical model-making, it was swarms-inspired computer simulation which provided biological researchers with enduring knowledge about animal collectives. At the same time, a turn to biological principles of self-organization made it possible to adapt to unclearly delineated sets of problems and clarify the operation of opaque systems - from logistics to architecture, or from crowd control to robot collectives. As zootechnologies, swarms offer performative, synthetic, and approximate solutions in cases where analytical approaches are doomed to fail.

Das Wälzlager steht trotz seiner im Grunde sehr guten Reibungscharakteristik immer stärker im Fokus der Produktentwicklung mit dem Ziel das Reibungsmoment weiter zu senken. Lagerungen wie Pleuel und Planetenradlagerungen bieten aufgrund ihrer besonderen Belastungssituation und wegen ihrer Mehrfachanwendung in einem einzelnen System ein hohes Einsparpotential. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird daher eine Analysestrategie zur ganzheitlichen und anwendungsunabhängigen Beschreibung des Wälzlagerverhaltens im Beschleunigungsfeld erarbeitet. Hierzu wurde eine neue Prüfvorrichtung entwickelt, mit der es möglich ist das Reibungsmoment und die ebenfalls mit der Reibung in Verbindung stehenden Größen Axialschub und Lagertemperatur am Einzellager zu messen. Im Zuge der Interpretation der erzielten Erkenntnisse konnte das komplexe Verhalten von Reibungsmoment, Axialschub und Lagertemperatur gezeigt werden. Insbesondere der maßgebende Beitrag der Käfigreibung am Gesamtlagerreibungsmoment und der Einfluss der Schmierstoffbeschleunigung konnte herausgearbeitet werden. Durch die Anwendung der frequenzbasierten Reibungsauswertung auf Basis der Fourier Transformation ist auch bei experimentellen Untersuchungen ein Blick in die inneren Vorgänge des Wälzlagers möglich. So bietet dieses Vorgehen die Möglichkeit die im Lagerinnern an der Reibungsentstehung beteiligten Einflüsse und deren Wirkung zu beurteilen. Anhand der erzielten Erkenntnisse können dem Wälzlagerkonstrukteur und Anwender erste Gestaltungshinweise für Wälzlager, die in einem Beschleunigungsfeld Anwendung finden, an die Hand gegeben werden.

Une équipe pluridisciplinaire s'est intéressée au « pays Quiche » situé dans les hautes terres occidentales du Guatemala. Celles-ci, où sont concentrés les trois quarts de la population indienne du pays, sont occupées depuis l'époque préclassique (600 ± 100 av. J.-C), selon les résultats des fouilles archéologiques. Cependant, les trois archéologues de l'équipe étudient essentiellement le site classique (600-900 ap. J.-C.) de Los Cerritos Chijoj : A. Ichon analyse la fonction des édifices cérémoniels ; H. Lehmann décrit le jeu de balle ; M.-F. Fauvet-Berthelot, s'attachant plus spécialement à la zone d'habitat de ce site, met en évidence d'une part la relation étroite entre la fonction sociale des « structures » et l'aménagement de l'espace, d'autre part la fonction à la fois résidentielle, funéraire et cérémonielle de cette zone.

Provides a multi-scalar synthesis of Nordic Bronze Age economies (1800/1700–500 BCE), organized around six sections: an introduction to the Nordic Bronze Age, macro-economic perspectives, defining local communities, economic interaction, conflict and alliances, political formations, and encountering Europe. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core

Among the medieval sources cited in early-modern philosophical and religious works, Gregory of Rimini (c. 1300–1358) appears more than once as the authoritative progenitor of doctrines that have consolidated over time. This can be said of the ‘etiamsi Deus non daretur’ argument, used, among others, by Hugo Grotius and Francisco Suárez, of which in this article we intend to verify the correctness of attribution to Gregory and the relevance of the connection with his ‘si Deus ipse non esset’. This verification is carried out by means of an analysis of the Augustinian influences of Gregory’s positions: it is shown that of the various ‘etiamsi Deus non daretur’ arguments that Western culture would have known and experienced, Gregory’s ‘si Deus ipse non esset’ can be considered mostly as an anticipation of a formula, whose content and meaning, precisely because of the philosophical-moral framework and the Augustinian theological inspiration in which it was expressed, were very different from those that the authors of the following centuries would have attributed to it.

Pourquoi la monnaie suisse est-elle le franc, unité monétaire bien connue de la France jusqu’en 2002 ? La réponse à cette question est plus complexe qu’il n’y paraît. Et pour cause : au milieu du 19e siècle, plus de 700 monnaies différentes circulent sur le territoire helvétique, représentant des milliers de variétés de pièces. Réussir à en choisir une seule qui satisfasse les intérêts de tout le monde est pour le moins délicat. En parcourant les nombreux débats monétaires qui ont lieu en Suisse entre 1815 et 1865, cet ouvrage analyse le long processus de centralisation et d’unification des monnaies. Il montre que le chemin pour y parvenir est semé d’embûches et que le franc Suisse naît en 1850 dans la douleur. Ses premières années d’existence sont elles aussi tumultueuses. S’intéresser aujourd’hui aux origines du franc suisse offre l’occasion de constater qu’il n’a pas toujours eu la force et la stabilité qui font sa réputation actuelle, loin de là. Open Access Annexes available at: https://supplementaryresources.blob.core.windows.net/4335438-chiarelli/Annexes.pdf

In pregnancy, maternal nutrition sustains and nourishes the developing child. Imbalances in either the direction of nutritional excess or deficiency can have adverse consequences for child health. In addition, more research now suggests that good pregnancy nutrition influences child health beyond pregnancy and delivery. This includes modifying the risk of child health outcomes as they enter childhood and adulthood through influences on placental development, hormonal pathways, and organ structure and function. Poor pregnancy nutrition may also compromise maternal health during pregnancy, which may have long-term consequences for women’s health. Understanding the biological and social mechanisms operating during pregnancy can help in the design of better clinical and public health interventions. This Special Issue on “The Role of Pregnancy Nutrition in Maternal and Offspring Health” includes etiological and mechanistic studies of pregnancy nutrition with short- and long-term maternal and child health outcomes, including original research, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Together, this body of work provides important insights into the influence of dietary patterns, food groups, and nutrients on pregnancy outcomes, and long-term neurodevelopmental, respiratory, and metabolic health in the children. It also highlights nutritional consequences for specific groups of women, including those with pregnancy complications and eating disorders.

Soutenu par une discrète érudition, cet essai voudrait offrir une approche résolument ludique des Fables de La Fontaine : l’auteur n’y propose pas une nouvelle interprétation mais l’élaboration d’un mode de lecture, librement inspiré des jeux sérieux de l’Oulipo comme des théories sur la réécriture, qui suppose au sein d’une fable la production imaginaire de « fables possibles ». L’exercice est moins irrévérencieux qu’il n’y paraît : la loi même du genre veut qu’il y ait toujours dans une fable de quoi en faire une autre ; chaque fable étant elle-même le produit d’une réécriture, on voit mal qu’elle puisse interdire au lecteur de se livrer à son tour à un exercice de transformation. « Affabuler » les fables, c’est donc à la fois réfléchir sur les choix de La Fontaine entre plusieurs versions possibles de ses textes sources, et esquisser en retour quelques apologues nouveaux ; c’est aussi et surtout se rendre sensible à la « fabrique » même du dispositif fabulaire. En nous donnant à rêver, ou à écrire, les fables fantômes qui hantent les fables réelles, l’auteur découvre à nos yeux un La Fontaine finalement inédit – tout à la fois plus « gaillard » et plus politique que celui consacré par la tradition scolaire.

The aim of this Special Issue focusing on “Nutritional Intake and the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease” is to provide an in-depth overview of the role of the intake of different macro- and micronutrients in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, as well as in its prevention and treatment. General over-nutrition but also alterations of the dietary pattern (e.g., towards a higher intake of fat, cholesterol, and sugar—and herein especially fructose) are discussed as being critical in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it has also been suggested that a general reduction of caloric intake and/or modulation of dietary composition, be it in regard to fat or to sugar intake, may have beneficial effects on the liver status in settings of NAFLD. Furthermore, in more recent years, the intake of pre- and probiotics, but also of specific micronutrients or secondary plant compounds, has also been considered a means in the prevention and therapy of this disease. Despite intense research efforts during the last decades, our understanding of the effects of nutritional intake on the development as well as on the prevention and cure of NAFLD is still limited. Providing a better understanding of the effects of diet and especially of specific macro- and micronutrients as well as pre- and probiotics and secondary plant compounds in the context of the development of NAFLD and its progression could lead to novel prevention and therapeutic strategies for this metabolic liver disease. This Special Issue will thus include original research and scientific perspectives on the relationship between NAFLD and dietary constituents that may 1) be involved in the development of the disease and 2) prevent its onset and progression. Mechanistic insights defining the contribution of certain nutritional factors (e.g., macronutrients like fat and sugar but also micronutrients and secondary plant compounds as well as pre- and probiotics) to the occurrence and management of NAFLD will improve our understanding of the disease and eventually lead to the development of universally accepted prevention and therapeutic strategies.

The monograph Judging Q and Saving Jesus is characterised by careful textual analysis, showing a piercing critical eye in its impressive engagement with the secondary literature, and sharp and insightful critique. The target audience are specialists in the field of research on the Sayings Source Q (the hypothetical source of certain sayings of Jesus common to Matthew and Luke), historical Jesus, and early Christian theology. The book takes the stance that the hypothetical document Q can be reconstructed with sufficient precision and that this enables biblical scholars to study with confidence its genre and its thematic and ideological profile. The genre issue is central to the book overall structure and the alternative proposals are discussed at length and with sophistication. The author’s inference is that Q’s macrogenre is sapiential with occasional insertions of apocalyptic microstructures and motifs. This finding embodies progress in Historical Jesus studies.

The addition of functional fillers into a polymer matrix has been extensively explored and used in many applications, among which are electronics, medicine, aerospace, energy storage, sensors, etc. With the fast development of science and technology, novel particles and their composites with multiple functions have been invented to meet new requirements. Moreover, new manufacturing methods for preparing the particles and composites are also emerging. One challenge is to prepare high-performance or functional polymer composites with a low filler content employing an easy, scale-up approach. Another challenge is to integrate the function into the composite efficiently and subtly through a rational design of the particles or the particle distribution in the polymer matrix. This reprint aims to highlight the advances and cutting-edge technologies of particles and particle-reinforced functional polymer composites. Original research articles and reviews are included and the research areas encompass the synthesis and characterization of novel particles, novel manufacturing technology for particle-reinforced polymer composites, rational design of the distribution of particles in a polymer matrix, properties of composites enhanced by particles and multifunctional polymer composites.

Lace Narratives: A monograph, 2005 – 2015 documents Cecilia Heffer’s innovative lace-making practice over a decade, including major exhibitions and commissions. This publication examines ways that Cecilia’s research practice responds to changing ideas and technologies as a means to extend our perception of textiles. It presents an in-depth reflection on studio practice in a discursive spirit, responding to the question: What has the studio enquiry revealed that could not have been revealed through other modes of research? The publication is composed of a digital edition of the book, along with a seven-minute video documenting Cecilia creating the lace-work Drawn Threads. A print-on-demand version of the book in either hard cover or paperback is available for purchase. Additionally, a limited edition artist’s book with lace samples bound into the pages will be publicly available through selected libraries and museums, including the UTS Library. Through these different components, the audience can watch Cecilia’s lace-making innovations in the documentary video, read critical reflections on her research and creative process, and handle lace samples. This combination affords a holistic understanding of Cecilia’s practice-led research and material output. This is an experimental publication model conceived by Zoë Sadokierski for the MediaObject book series and produced with support from the UTS Library.

Communications engineering / telecommunications

The 18 essays in this volume offer innovative scholarship on the difficult transition from empire to republic for the small state of Austria, newly created by the Allied peacemakers in Paris in 1919. They also deal with the complex challenges posed by nation building after a major war, including the ambiguity inherent in the creation of new institutions in politics, economics, social life, and culture. In 1919 the government of the fledgling Republic of Austria was confronting revolutionary turmoil in the streets of Vienna, a near-total collapse of the agricultural and industrial economies, and the fallout of a crushing military defeat. In addition, the government was overburdened by the sheer number of new veterans, including the over 100,000 wounded soldiers returning from the frontlines. The redrawn Austrian borders produced a loss of German ethnics and major demographic shifts. Austrians—no longer dominant in a vast empire—were uncertain of their standing. In spite of ideological conflict between the major political camps, Austria experienced a cultural and educational revival—one that proved essential to forging a new national identity.