Open Access Books

Before new interventions can be used in disease control programmes, it is essential that they are carefully evaluated in “field trials”, which may be complex and expensive undertakings. Descriptions of the detailed procedures and methods used in trials that have been conducted in the past have generally not been published. As a consequence, those planning such trials have few guidelines available and little access to previously accumulated knowledge. In this book the practical issues of trial design and conduct are discussed fully and in sufficient detail for the text to be used as a “toolbox” by field investigators. The toolbox has now been extensively tested through use of the first two editions and this third edition is a comprehensive revision, incorporating the many developments that have taken place with respect to trials since 1996 and involving more than 30 contributors. Most of the chapters have been extensively revised and 7 new chapters have been added.

Thomas Mann’s (1875–1955) epic novel The Magic Mountain (1924/1996) turns upside down the conventional axiology of the experiential categories of health and rationality, as well as of the romantic idea of a Bildungsreise or educational journey. The complex narrative describes a profound personal change of the main hero Hans Castorp, which takes place in opposition to the values of the conventional bourgeois society and against the background of the social and political condition of Europe on the verge of World War I.

This collective volume is the first monographic and interdisciplinary study of autobiography in Slovenia. Nineteen authors are discussing the issues of its development, combining the methods of literary scholarship with the philosophical, historiographical, ethnological, sociological and other perspectives. Theoretical insights are complemented by a series of case studies on the history of autobiographical discourse in Slovenian cultural space and beyond it from the end of the 18th century to the present.

“Reason” and “rationality” are, today, problematic notions: considered for a long time, in the history of Western thought, as distinctive traits of man and of the Euro-American civilization, from a certain point onwards they have been called into question and ripped apart by the crisis and the malaise of the latter. In the light of the most recent controversies and reflections on the subject developed over the first half of the 20th century, this book aims to riegnite the debate on “ratio” with the intention of highlighting – through a series of “case studies” – the fine texture of the multiple meanings and uses of the notion of reason, but also to question the different “eras” of reason by attempting to reconstruct its “history”. The essays included in this volume, therefore, contextualise and analyse the meanings and ambiguities of the term “ratio” and its derivatives within the framework of the many discussions that have marked its history from the earliest modernity, when the concept assumed new configurations with respect to the uses attested in Ancient and Medieval thought, to the contemporary debate.

Les hommes du Moyen Âge croyaient que le monde dans lequel ils vivaient était le théâtre d'un affrontement cosmique entre les forces du Bien et celles du Mal. Ils étaient persuadés que les Puissances surnaturelles se manifestaient a tout instant sur cette terre et intervenaient constamment dans la vie quotidienne de chacun. Mais dans ce combat inégal et angoissant dont l’humanité était l’enjeu, les mortels savaient qu’ils avaient des alliées efficaces pour affronter les forces maléfiques : le...

Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise first appeared, anonymously, in 1670. After the publication of the Opera Posthuma (1677), few scholars took the trouble to take the work seriously. In his famous History of Philosophy, Hegel only devoted a few lines to the work, caustically describing it as a mere predecessor of contemporary Biblical criticism. In the early 20th century, Gebhardt deemed it a pamphlet written as an intervention in the political-ecclesiastical controversies of the Republican Era of Johan de Witt, which ended with violent death by the Hague mob. In the 21st century, Verbeek outlined its inconsistencies and named it ‘badly organized and—let us admit it—without a clear and recognizable focus’. Notwithstanding this benign neglect, in the past five decades the TTP has finally emerged from the shadow of the Ethics. In the wake of the growing interest in the political philosophy of Spinoza in France and Italy and the study of the historical significance of Radical Enlightenment by Jonathan Israel, recent studies of the TTP have focused on the context of the Dutch Republic, but also explored the work’s broader philosophical relevance. This commemorative Special Issue offers a style guide of the various recent approaches to the TTP, placing the work in its historical context, exploring its Medieval and Early Modern sources, assessing its philosophical (in)coherence, and, finally, its critical relevance in a globalized world, in Brazil, Iran, and in times of enduring authoritarianism and fake news.

Aus dem Inhalt:Schwerpunkt: Wandel und Verflechtung von Bildungsungleichheiten, Bildungsinstitutionen und Gesellschaft im langen 20. Jahrhundert.Redaktion: Sandra Wenk, Tilman Drope, Joachim Scholz.Dennis Mathie: Von Einheimischen und Auswärtigen Herkunftsabhängige Bildungsund Lebensunterschiede von Schülern höherer Lehranstalten im späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert.Ingrid Miethe: Die internationale Ausbreitung der ‚Arbeiterfakultäten‘ – Eine globalgeschichtliche Perspektive auf den Bedeutungsund Funktionswandel sozialer Ungleichheit. Phillip Wagner: Demokratische Differenzierungen. Meritokratische Schulpolitik und ungleiche Umerziehung in der westdeutschen Nachkriegszeit (1945–1955).Sven Schibgilla: Computergestützte Hierarchien: Die ungleiche Einführung des Computers in westdeutsche Schulen (1970er–1980er Jahre).Abhandlung: Daniel Erdmann: 30 Jahrgänge Jahrbuch für Historische Bildungsforschung – ein Rückblick aus der Distanz.Quelle:Susanne Schregel: Nationalsozialistische ,Begabtenförderung‘ und das Versprechen sozialer Chancen. Der Rundbrief Berufswettkampf und Begabtenförderung (1940–1944).

This work describes the OFDM-based MIMO Radar-Communication System, intended for operation in a multiple-user network, especially the automotive sector in the vehicle-to vehicle/infrastructure network. The OFDM signals however are weak towards frequency offsets causing subcarrier misalignment and corrupts the radar estimation and the demodulation of the communication signal. A simple yet effective interference cancellation algorithm is detailed here with real time measurement verification.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

1917 : l’Amérique déborde massivement ses frontières, avec ses soldats, son jazz, son cinéma, sa littérature et ses capitaux. La France regarde, fas­cinée, inquiète : est-ce la fin de l’Europe ? le début d’un monde nouveau ? Pour les écrivains français, c'est à tout le moins un soudain élargissement de l’horizon, l’avènement d’un nouvel imaginaire des États-Unis. Ce livre enquête sur ce bouleversement des représentations de l’Amérique qui, dans l’entre-deux-guerres, touche aussi bien les avant-gardes que les antimodernes, les fascistes comme les communistes, les humanistes tout autant que les non-conformistes. Même ceux qui refusent de s’y intéresser ont leur place sur l’échiquier où se dessine l’avenir d’une modernité esthétique et politique, chargée d’enjeux existentiels, éthiques, civilisationnels : l’Amérique ou l’anti-Neutre par excellence. Découvrir ou relire les textes qu’Aragon, Bazalgette, Céline, Cendrars, Cocteau, Drieu La Rochelle, Duhamel, Gide, Giono, Morand, Nizan, Pozner ou Soupault, parmi beaucoup d’autres, ont écrits à la lueur du Nouveau Monde, c’est comprendre comment, tout en se faisant l’écho d’un discours et d’un imaginaire d’époque - moins unanimement anti­américains qu’on ne l’avait cru jusqu’ici-, chacun de ces écrivains a eu sa propre manière d’inventer l’Amérique. Une invention qui continue de parler au lecteur d’aujourd’hui.

The sequencing of the entire human genome has opened up unprecedented possibilities for healthcare, but also ethical and social dilemmas about how these can be achieved, particularly in developing countries. UNESCO's Bioethics Programme was established to address such issues in 1993. Since then, it has adopted three declarations on human genetics and bioethics (1997, 2003 and 2005), set up numerous training programmes around the world and debated the need for an international convention on human reproductive cloning. Negotiating Bioethics presents Langlois' research on the negotiation and implementation of the three declarations and the human cloning debate, based on fieldwork carried out in Kenya, South Africa, France and the UK, among policy-makers, geneticists, ethicists, civil society representatives and industry professionals. The book examines whether the UNESCO Bioethics Programme is an effective forum for (a) decision-making on bioethics issues and (b) ensuring ethical practice. Considering two different aspects of the UNESCO Bioethics Programme - deliberation and implementation - at international and national levels, Langlois explores: - how relations between developed and developing countries can be made more equal - who should be involved in global level decision-making and how this should proceed - how overlap between initiatives can be avoided - what can be done to improve the implementation of international norms by sovereign states - how far universal norms can be contextualized - what impact the efficacy of national level governance has at international level Drawing on extensive empirical research, Negotiating Bioethics presents a truly global perspective on bioethics

Dans les mondes de la culture, les références sont nombreuses au geste artistique, à la vocation, au travail du corps ainsi qu’au désir. Que ce soit dans le travail des professionnels de l’art (comédiens, scénographes, musiciens, danseurs, plasticiens, designers, etc.), dans celui des médiateurs ou dans l’activité des amateurs, le corps – à la fois sexué et genré – occupe une place centrale, y compris lorsqu’il est absent ou recomposé numériquement via les pseudos et avatars. Ces mondes qui se veulent à l’avant-garde sur le plan artistique le sont-ils aussi sur le plan du genre ? Le talent a t-il un sexe, et si oui, est-il le même dans tous les domaines artistiques et culturels ? Comment expliquer les différences de carrière entre femmes et hommes dans des domaines où seuls le talent et la passion individuelle devraient compter ? Cet ouvrage rassemble les contributions d’une trentaine de chercheuses et chercheurs des sciences humaines et sociales, qui apportent des éclairages novateurs issus de secteurs aussi variés que ceux de la musique (jazz, rap, musiques de jeux vidéo, etc.), des arts plastiques, du livre ou encore de la danse et de l’artisanat d’art.

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How do various forms of comedy – including stand up, satire and film and television – transform contemporary invocations of nationalism and citizenship in youth cultures? And how are attitudes about gender, race and sexuality transformed through comedic performances on social media? The Cultural Set Up of Comedy seeks to answer these questions by examining comedic performances by Chris Rock and Louis C.K., news parodies like The Daily Show with Jon Stewart and The Colbert Report, the role of satire in the Arab Spring and women’s groundbreaking comedic performances in television and the film Bridesmaids. Breaking with the usual cultural studies debates over how to conceptualize youth, the book instead focuses on the comedic cultural and political scripts that frame them through affective strategies post-9/11.