Open Access Books

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) was introduced to the best benefit of the patient. It has transformed the pathophysiological approach to the outcome approach of today's treatments. Disease-oriented to patient-oriented medicine. And, for some, daily medical practice from patient oriented to case oriented medicine. Evidence has changed the paternalistic way of medical practice. And gave room to patients, who show a tendency towards partnership. Although EBM has introduced a different way of thinking in the day to day medical practice, there is plenty of space for implementation and improvement. This book is meant to provoke the thinker towards the unlimited borders of caring for the patient.

Wide-ranging contact networks ensure the dissemination and transfer of knowledge, goods and cultural values. The transportation of goods and people can be seen as one of the most important cornerstones of such exchange systems. Therefore, the search for transportation options and the development of suitable vehicles have probably always been firmly anchored in human thought. The articles presented here are based on the papers presented at the conference "Transports, Transport Routes and Transport Structures" organized by the Bronze Age Working Group and the Collaborative Research Centre 1070 Resource Cultures. They not only summarize existing evidence on transport routes and vehicles as well as statements on infrastructure in the archaeological findings of the Bronze Age, but also supplement them with numerous aspects worth knowing. What can these findings tell us about the transportation vehicles and their significance? What characteristics did they have? Are the finds worn-out or deliberately destroyed vehicles or parts of such vehicles? What technological and social implications can be linked to the findings? How should we imagine the Bronze Age infrastructure in different regions? To what extent did transportation routes and exchange form a resource? This volume is dedicated to answering these questions in detail, resulting in a comprehensive overview of finds, findings and theories. Translated with DeepL.com (free version)

How students get the materials they need as opportunities for higher education expand but funding shrinks. From the top down, Shadow Libraries explores the institutions that shape the provision of educational materials, from the formal sector of universities and publishers to the broadly informal ones organized by faculty, copy shops, student unions, and students themselves. It looks at the history of policy battles over access to education in the post–World War II era and at the narrower versions that have played out in relation to research and textbooks, from library policies to book subsidies to, more recently, the several “open” publication models that have emerged in the higher education sector. From the bottom up, Shadow Libraries explores how, simply, students get the materials they need. It maps the ubiquitous practice of photocopying and what are—in many cases—the more marginal ones of buying books, visiting libraries, and downloading from unauthorized sources. It looks at the informal networks that emerge in many contexts to share materials, from face-to-face student networks to Facebook groups, and at the processes that lead to the consolidation of some of those efforts into more organized archives that circulate offline and sometimes online— the shadow libraries of the title. If Alexandra Elbakyan's Sci-Hub is the largest of these efforts to date, the more characteristic part of her story is the prologue: the personal struggle to participate in global scientific and educational communities, and the recourse to a wide array of ad hoc strategies and networks when formal, authorized means are lacking. If Elbakyan's story has struck a chord, it is in part because it brings this contradiction in the academic project into sharp relief—universalist in principle and unequal in practice. Shadow Libraries is a study of that tension in the digital era. Contributors Balázs Bodó, Laura Czerniewicz, Miroslaw Filiciak, Mariana Fossatti, Jorge Gemetto, Eve Gray, Evelin Heidel, Joe Karaganis, Lawrence Liang, Pedro Mizukami, Jhessica Reia, Alek Tarkowski

Point cloud data is, in its simplest form, a detailed digital representation of a 3D object and has applications in many fields. In the book chapters, which include different disciplines of use of point cloud technology and their practical applications and research results, the authors have also added case studies they have performed. In this way, the book brings together the experiences of experts. The book serves as a useful resource for researchers at the beginning of their careers, graduate students, practitioners, and enthusiasts working on point cloud technology.

For thirty years since the end of the Cold War, the Arctic, and the international regime there have been characterised as “exceptional”. However, there have been many definitions of “Arctic exceptionalism” and it is difficult to identify one to which all states in the region subscribe. At the same time, the concept was changing over time and adapting to new conditions, right up to the Russian aggression against Ukraine on 24 February 2022. Crucial to this was the policy of Russia and the United States, the only global powers that are Arctic states which, until the war in Ukraine, respected the norms and principles developed for the Arctic based on trust. The aggression against Ukraine undermined Russia’s credibility and highlighted how divergently the various Arctic players understood “exceptionalism”. As a result, Western states began to rally around the US and isolate Russia by depriving her, at least for a time, of her “territory of negotiations”. In response, they were met with military demonstrations designed to induce them to return to the status quo ante bellum. However, this has not been successful, has led to a strengthening of the US position in the region and has cast doubt on the continuation of the “exceptionalism” in its current form.

Those convicted of homicide were hanged on the public gallows before being dissected under the Murder Act in Georgian England. Yet, from 1752, whether criminals actually died on the hanging tree or in the dissection room remained a medical mystery in early modern society. Dissecting the Criminal Corpse takes issue with the historical cliché of corpses dangling from the hangman’s rope in crime studies. Some convicted murderers did survive execution in early modern England. Establishing medical death in the heart-lungs-brain was a physical enigma. Criminals had large bull-necks, strong willpowers, and hearty survival instincts. Extreme hypothermia often disguised coma in a prisoner hanged in the winter cold. The youngest and fittest were capable of reviving on the dissection table. Many died under the lancet. Capital legislation disguised a complex medical choreography that surgeons staged. They broke the Hippocratic Oath by executing the Dangerous Dead across England from 1752 until 1832.

The concept of this monograph is focused on an analysis of the prospects for improving the competitive position of Asian countries in the global economy. The authors argue that a comprehensive analysis of Asia’s economic development requires studying its business and financial aspects in parallel. The authors of the monography concentrate on the chosen business aspects of Asia’s expansion, such as: trade and value chain development, Asian transnational corporations, international mergers and acquisitions, growth potential of energy industry, GDP growth model._x000D_ The unique nature of the studies conducted for this book stems from their wide thematic and geographical scope. Consequently, both business and financial features of economic growth are analysed. This approach is further used to study the financial aspects of China’s development in a related book prepared by the authors from the same Department: China’s economic growth: selected financial aspects._x000D_ According to the opinion expressed by the reviewer the following monograph constitutes a valuable contribution to the discussion concerning the new role of Asian economies in the world. It is recommended to scientists, students and journalist who study the problems of Asia’s economic development and its role in the global economy. The results can be also useful to companies interested in developing their business activities in the countries of the region.

Advanced multifunctional coatings have made great unexpected advances in synthesis, characterization and properties, and they are also used in a variety of different fields. The mechanical properties of multifunctional coatings play a vital role in their interaction with external forces and environmental factors. Therefore, it is necessary to fully study the mechanical properties of advanced multifunctional coatings. After the launch of the Special Issue, thirteen papers have been collected and published. These original research articles cover not only the relevant research of advanced multifunctional coatings but also the interesting mechanical behaviour of surfaces and interfaces. We feel that the Special Issue provides a forum to share current research results and to promote further research into the mechanical behaviour of advanced multifunctional coatings.

Advances in Data Mining Knowledge Discovery and Applications aims to help data miners, researchers, scholars, and PhD students who wish to apply data mining techniques. The primary contribution of this book is highlighting frontier fields and implementations of the knowledge discovery and data mining. It seems to be same things are repeated again. But in general, same approach and techniques may help us in different fields and expertise areas. This book presents knowledge discovery and data mining applications in two different sections. As known that, data mining covers areas of statistics, machine learning, data management and databases, pattern recognition, artificial intelligence, and other areas. In this book, most of the areas are covered with different data mining applications. The eighteen chapters have been classified in two parts: Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Applications.

Les photographies ne viennent jamais seules, semble-t-il. Elles emportent avec elles leur référent, comme l’a signalé Roland Barthes, mais elles sont aussi, le plus souvent, couplées à d’autres véhicules, des moyens de transport les plus traditionnels jusqu’aux modes de communication les plus sophistiqués. Cette association entre photographie et mobilité - mobilité spatiale et temporelle tout aussi bien que médiale - constitue l’objet d’étude de cet ouvrage.De diverses façons, cet ouvrage traite de problématiques liées à la photographie et à sa manière de se trouver, invariablement, au coeur de noeuds de relations où médias, médiations et transmission s’associent. Des rapports qui se sont noués suivant de bien curieux chemins, entrecoupés de nombreux détours, de glissements spatiotemporels et de possibles « transmigrations », tout au long de la courte - mais combien dense - histoire du médium.

« Hawaï » est un nom de lieu qui résonne dans l'imaginaire collectif, jusqu'à être incorporé dans notre carte mentale du monde. Ce toponyme suscite des images qui renvoient à la figure de l'île tropicale, « lieu de bonne qualité » (un des sens de l'utopie) capable d'éveiller le désir touristique. Mais sous l'apparente évidence se trame un imaginaire géographique qui a été construit. L'objet « île tropicale » ne constitue pas une réalité homogène et Hawaï incarne une « apogée touristique », un lieu travaillé par le tourisme « des grands nombres ». Cet ouvrage vise donc à déconstruire l'idée communément admise d'une « vocation touristique » de l'espace, en mettant au jour le processus selon lequel Hawaï s'est différencié d'autres lieux du monde, à travers une dynamique de mise en tourisme qui est aussi informée par des réalités pré-touristiques. Cet ouvrage cherche alors à nouer des temporalités trop souvent séparées, à la fois celle du temps long et celle du temps court. Au-delà du fantasme de l'état de nature associé à l'île tropicale, mythe qui se construit aussi à travers certaines figures sociales comme la « hula girl » ou le « beachboy » à Hawaï, la dimension urbaine a joué et joue à plein régime dans la fabrique de l'archipel par le tourisme. Waikiki, en devenant le haut lieu touristique d'Hawaï, incarne cette urbanité qui se donne à voir ici à travers l'accumulation et la diversité des objets, qu'ils soient humains ou non. La durabilité du lieu touristique mérite l'étonnement, et cet ouvrage va à rebours de l'idée selon laquelle l'urbanisation conduirait au déclin du tourisme. Les pratiques d'individus plus ou moins bien dotés en capitaux divers (économique, symbolique, etc.) créent en fait les conditions pour que ce lieu réponde à des attentes qui connaissent une longue carrière depuis l'invention du tourisme : la découverte et la sociabilité. Cela dit, sur le temps long, la touristicité d'Hawaï en général et de Waikiki en particulier doit aussi beaucoup aux touristes qui ont actualisé certaines pratiques ou « inventé » de nouvelles valeurs et normes, comme c'est le cas du surf et du bronzage qui ont circulé à travers certains réseaux de la mondialisation.

Regardless of its outcome, the Iraq War has had a transformative effect on the Middle East. To equip U.S. policymakers to better manage the war's long-term consequences, the authors analyzed its effects on the regional balance of power, local perceptions of U.S. credibility, the domestic stability of neighboring states, and trends in terrorism after conducting extensive interviews in the region and drawing from an array of local media sources.

The pandemic presented religion as a paradox: faith is often crucial for helping people weather life’s troubles and make difficult decisions, but how can religion continue to deliver these benefits and provide societal structure without social contact? The topical volume, An Epidemic among My People explains how the COVID-19 pandemic stress tested American religious communities and created a new politics of religion centered on public health.The editors and contributorsconsider how the virus and government policy affected religion in America. Chapters examine the link between the prosperity gospel and conspiracy theories, the increased purchase of firearms by evangelicals, the politics of challenging public health orders as religious freedom claims, and the reactions of Christian nationalists, racial groups, and female clergy to the pandemic (and pandemic politics). As sharp lines were drawn between people and their governments during this uncertain time, An Epidemic among My People provides a comprehensive portrait of religion in American public life.

En quoi consiste le « primitif » n’est-il pas un succédané de l’enfant, du rêveur ou du criminel auxquels veulent le cantonner les défenseurs de la « civilisation » ? Comment comprendre que les Bororo puissent dire qu’ils sont des oiseaux Arara ? C’est la question que pose Lévy-Bruhl dans la Mentalité primitive en 1922. Cet historien de la philosophie, spécialiste des transferts culturels entre la France et l’Allemagne, intervient ainsi, au croisement de la philosophie, de l’anthropologie, de la psychologie et de la sociologie dans le contexte des sciences humaines alors naissantes et déjà rivales. Aujourd’hui, ses travaux continuent d’alimenter les débats entre le structuralisme, la philosophie analytique et la phénoménologie. Qu’est ce qui fonde, dans l’esprit humain, le principe de contradiction ? À quoi tiennent les sentiments et des croyances qui font percevoir un être naturel comme un être social ? Qu’est-ce qui rend possible la participation immédiate et affective au monde ? Voici enfin redécouvert un pan considérable de l’histoire de la pensée, qui lie le XIXe au XXe siècle, et qui permet de relire autrement Durkheim, Bergson, Lévi-Strauss.

Didaktik and Curriculum in Ongoing Dialogue revives the dialogue between the continental European Didaktik tradition and the Anglo-Saxon tradition of curriculum. It highlights important research findings that bridge cultural differences and argues for a mutual exchange and understanding of ideas. Through analyses of shared conditions and cultural differences, the book invites a critical stance and continued dialogue on issues of significant importance for the current and future education of children and young people. It combines research at empirical, conceptual, and theoretical levels to shed light on the similarities between the Didaktik and Anglo-Saxon educational traditions, calling for a comprehensive understanding of teaching and a renewed focus on content and knowledge. Addressing theoretical issues within contemporary educational scholarship, the book will be of great interest to academics, researchers, and post-graduate students in the fields of curriculum studies, education theory, and comparative education.