Open Access Books

Ferroelectric materials exhibit a wide spectrum of functional properties, including switchable polarization, piezoelectricity, high non-linear optical activity, pyroelectricity, and non-linear dielectric behaviour. These properties are crucial for application in electronic devices such as sensors, microactuators, infrared detectors, microwave phase filters and, non-volatile memories. This unique combination of properties of ferroelectric materials has attracted researchers and engineers for a long time. This book reviews a wide range of diverse topics related to the phenomenon of ferroelectricity (in the bulk as well as thin film form) and provides a forum for scientists, engineers, and students working in this field. The present book containing 24 chapters is a result of contributions of experts from international scientific community working in different aspects of ferroelectricity related to experimental and theoretical work aimed at the understanding of ferroelectricity and their utilization in devices. It provides an up-to-date insightful coverage to the recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, functional properties and potential device applications in specialized areas.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental chronic disorder which etiology seems the result of complex interactions between multiple factors, including genetic, biological, and environmental influences. Treatment research has proved that the combination of both medication with behavioral therapy can improve ADHD symptoms; Moreover, recent studies suggest the need for new approaches aimed at the underlying triggers of this complex disorder (such as stress, poor sleep or certain dietary plans), on the basis that making adequate lifestyle changes to minimize these triggers could contribute to better control ADHD symptoms. In this context, studies addressing the efficacy of nutrition on the developmental course of ADHD observe that deficiencies in certain types of foods can worse the symptoms of attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, while adequate dietary plans could optimize brain functions. Nevertheless, the specific causal pathways of the dietary styles adjuvant for medication and psychotherapies contributing to prevent/reduce ADHD symptoms are largely unknown, as well as the long-term effects. This book includes evidence of the potential contribution of the nutrition styles on the treatment outcomes of individuals with ADHD and other frequent mental-psychiatric disorders across development, and the underlying mechanisms explaining the direct and mediational effects. The contents of this book could contribute to the elaboration of guidelines/recommendations for improving caring capacity of healthcare practitioners and family caregivers.

Knjižica prinaša štiri krajša besedila Georgea Orwella, ki jih je kot novinar napisal na samem začetku druge svetovne vojne (Fašizem in demokracija, Literatura in totalitarizem, Vizija totalitarne prihodnosti in Patriotizem) in se tudi v tem skromnem obsegu pridružuje drugim podobnim izdajam njegovega dela. V Združenem kraljestvu je spomin na Orwella (znova) oživel tudi zaradi zelo posebnega virusa. Populizem razposajene klike torijcev, ki je izposlovala brexit, se je namreč v rekordnem času stopil s kulturo laži, kot so jo patentirali ameriški republikanci. Močno spominja na kulturo lažnive neumnosti osrednjih akterjev Živalske farme ali politični žargon že pred osemdesetimi leti. Orwell je opozarjal na okoliščine, razmerje moči, navade, tradicijo ..., ki so ljudi uspavale na predvečer druge svetovne vojne. Prefinjenemu opisu kulture strahu tistega časa se pridružuje druga odlika Orwellovih esejev: daljnovidnost, ki meji na obsedenost z usodo demokracije po prelomnih dogodkih. In ta je tudi danes še kako aktualna.

In 2001, Arkansas ranked 45th of 50 states on a composite score of all health outcomes. Arkansas is now a regional leader in tobacco control. This final biennial report documents the Arkansas Tobacco Settlement Commission’s continued activity and progress, and gauges the effectiveness of the state’s seven health-related programs in the past decade. Included is an evaluation of the changes in health outcomes attributed to these programs.

The study of ceramics needs to work more and more collaboratively together, between archaeologist, historians and archaeometrists : we are developing a real dialogue, which combine different disciplines in a broader perspective related to paleoenvironment as well as technics and economy. The Round Table from April 11th 2016, entitled “Recet multidisciplinary researches on north-adriatic amphoras in the Roman era” gathered some of the researchers from the four large centres of Padova, Vienna-Budapest, Aix-en-Provence and Bordeaux. All participants are involved in this multidisciplinary research with colleagues from Croatia who are widely committed to the archaeological and historic research of Istria. These researchers are motivated by the need to share their methods and reflections and to compare them in order to try finding answers to their problematic which are similar but in very different contexts.

Cet ouvrage collectif résulte du travail de jeunes docteurs et de doctorants du laboratoire ART-Dev (Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement). Grâce à des travaux empiriques avec des terrains conduits en Europe, en Afrique, en Amérique latine et en Asie du Sud-Est, les auteurs questionnent le concept de développement dans ses multiples facettes polysémiques et discutables. L’objectif poursuivi est d’analyser en profondeur la diversité de ses approches à des échelles sociales, spatiales et temporelles variées. Dans une première partie, les auteurs se focalisent sur les enjeux du développement perçus comme éléments de contextualisation propres aux cas étudiés et qui renvoient à des problématiques socio-économiques, d’aménagement du territoire et de gouvernance. Ensuite, les contributions débattent des différents outils et stratégies auxquels les acteurs recourent pour répondre aux enjeux de développement. L’action publique en passant par les normes internationales et la participation locale des habitants sont notamment interrogés. Enfin, l’ouvrage porte sa réflexion sur les innombrables défis que pose le développement dans un monde de plus en plus globalisé.

This book is based upon the edX MOOCs Engineering: Building with Nature and Beyond Engineering: Building with Nature. The Engineering: Building with Nature MOOC, explores the use of natural materials and ecological processes in achieving effective and sustainable hydraulic infrastructure designs, distilling Engineering and Ecological Design Principles. In the Beyond Engineering: Building with Nature course, the missing element of Social Design Principles is developed and taught. Join us in exploring the interface between hydraulic engineering, nature and society! Note: For full functionality of the interactive elements (i.e. exercises and assignments) of this e-book you need Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is freely available for download for Windows and MacOS at https://get.adobe.com/uk/reader/

Magnetic functional materials are widely used in energy, information, and materials science and technology. There are many kinds of magnetic functional materials, and their progress is rapid. Magnetic functional materials have attracted a great deal of attention regarding their applications. Magnetic behaviors are widespread in a variety of materials, such as metals, ceramics, organics, and emerging 2D materials. The applications of magnetic materials include memories, sensors, magnetic refrigeration, drug delivery, electrochemistry, environmental protection, energy storage, and more. This Special Issue, “Magnetic Functional Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Application”, addresses existing knowledge gaps and aids advance deployment of magnetic functional materials. It consists of nine peer-reviewed papers and one editorial that cover a range of subjects and applications related to magnetic functional materials.

The author analyzes the mobility of the secular clergy by focusing the analysis on the Alpine area with comparisons with other Italian areas such as the Apennine ones. In addition to a survey of the bishops, officials and canons, the author addresses with originality the non-homogeneous mobility of the lower clergy involved in liturgical celebrations (mansionari, parish priests, vicars, chaplains) of which the different reasons that caused it are provided.

This Element will introduce the main non-physicalist theories of consciousness and explain the most important arguments for them, and consider how they each respond to the scientific and other arguments in support of physicalism. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Semiconductor photocatalysts have attracted a great amount of multidiscipline research due to their high potential for solar-to-chemical-energy conversion applications, ranging from water and air purification to hydrogen and chemical fuel production. This unique diversity of photoinduced applications has spurred major research efforts on the rational design and development of photocatalytic materials with tailored structural, morphological, and optoelectronic properties in order to promote solar-light harvesting, easy photogenerated electron-hole recombination and the concomitant low quantum efficiency. This book presents a collection of original research articles on advanced photocatalytic materials, synthesized by novel fabrication approaches and/or innovative modifications that improve their performance in target photocatalytic applications such as water (cyanobacterial toxins, antibiotics, phenols, and dyes) and air (NOx and volatile organic compounds) pollutant degradation, hydrogen evolution, and hydrogen peroxide production by photoelectrochemical cells.

This volume explores how boundaries were created, perceived, and experienced in past societies. Bringing together diverse theoretical and methodological approaches — from cognitive and processual to sensory and phenomenological — the contributors examine how spatial meaning is attributed through the creation and negotiation of boundaries. The volume is structured into three thematic sections: the first investigates how boundaries define and characterize space; the second focuses on the act of crossing boundaries and its role in shaping spatial significance; and the third examines the experience of boundaries, of their crossing, and of the spaces contained within them. Drawing on case studies from Prehistory to the Early Modern period, and spanning regions from Europe and Africa to Central Asia, the chapters reflect a wide range of archaeological traditions and perspectives. Through innovative analyses and interdisciplinary dialogue, this collection advances our understanding of how past societies organized, perceived, and interacted with space.

El libro realiza una investigación sobre las diversas expresiones de movilización política, protestas sociales y resistencias cotidianas que se produjeron en el distrito de Évora, región del Alentejo, durante los agitados años que marcaron la caída de la Monarquía y la instauración y primeros años de la República (1908-1918). El texto se centra se centra principalmente en el análisis de cuatro aspectos: las diversas estrategias de resistencia cotidiana realizadas por las clases populares campesinas; los actos de movilización política vinculados al republicanismo; el desarrollo del asociacionismo y la conflictividad social vinculada a la expansión del movimiento obrero de la mano de corticeiros y trabajadores rurales; y las protestas populares relacionadas con la crisis de subsistencias en el marco de la Gran Guerra. Con ello, el libro pretende mostrar a través del ejemplo alentejano que la sociedad rural portuguesa participó activa y dinámicamente en la vida política y social del país durante los primeros años del siglo XX.

Georges Bataille, la terreur et les lettres met en cause la vulgate critique qui, à la suite de Tel Quel, continue à donner la faveur à une lecture « terroriste » de l'œuvre bataillienne. On lit toujours Bataille pour le sublime de son abjection et la passion indicible de ses textes. On retient encore de son œuvre ce moment initial où la révolte contre le surréalisme contribue à proposer l'image durable d'une « écriture » antirhétorique, sacrificielle et pulsionnelle. Or, cette approche est a...

The article focuses on persuasion techniques used by media broadcasters in self-promotional activities. These techniques are a specific way, in which the broadcaster acts in the communication process. Certain elements of this process can be emphasized or modified in order to increase its impact. The starting point of this article was an assumption, that the selection of persuasive techniques is derivatized from such rhetorical determinants, as the context of functioning of the media (ex. the effects of technological changes: the unification of media products, the exponential increase in the amount of information, the increasing global competition). Also, planned target groups and objective of the broadcaster. The research material allows to distinct persuasion techniques implemented at three levels in self-promotional activities of media broadcasters: 1) ways of transmitting the information (ex. repetition and targeting audiences), 2) content (ex. positive selection technique, fragmentation, use of the unavailability rule, displaying the benefits from interacting with the medium, increasing the attractiveness of the communication by referring to broadly respected authorities) and 3) the forms of communication (uniqueness technique).