Open Access Books

This open access book offers comprehensive information on Wang Yang-ming’s life, helping readers identify and grasp the foundations on which his philosophy was established. Though a great man, Wang had an extremely difficult life, full of many hardships. Based on various official histories, Wang’s own writings, and his disciples’ records, the book explores the legendary life of this ancient philosopher, who not only diligently pursued his objective of living as a sage, but also persistently sought the ideal state of a sage in ideology. The author also shares his own interpretations of the main aspects of Wang’s philosophy using simple and straightforward language. This book will help readers understand and appreciate Wang Yang-ming’s extraordinary life, his generous mind, deep thoughts and bright personality, inspiring them to pursue enriching lives. It offers a unique and insightful work for undergraduate students and all others interested in Wang’s philosophy and life story.

Un des axes de l’Équipe d’accueil ETILAL est consacré à l’Espagne classique et plus particulièrement à l’Inquisition espagnole. La réflexion menée au cours des séminaires de l’Équipe sur cette question a été suivie d’un colloque qui s’est tenu à l’université Paul- Valéry, Montpellier III, les 20, 21 et 22 février 2003. Les articles réunis dans ce volume concernent l’Inquisition au xvie siècle. Après une présentation de ses premiers temps en Espagne et dans l’Amérique coloniale, divers aspects...

Security mechanisms like encryption negatively affect other software quality characteristics like efficiency. To cope with such trade-offs, it is preferable to build approaches that allow to tune the trade-offs after the implementation and design phase. This book introduces a methodology that can be used to build such tunable approaches. The book shows how the proposed methodology can be applied in the domains of database outsourcing, identity management, and credential management.

The earth is experiencing the adverse effect of climate change. In response to growing global warming issues and the constant increase of energy prices, house-builders and housing manufacturers today are becoming more responsive to the delivery of net zero energy and carbon dioxide emission sustainable homes than ever. Within this context, the sustainability may embrace housing economy and adequacy beyond the legitimacy in which the quality barely coincides with individuals' dynamic various needs, desires and expectations. In this special issue, 'mass customisation' is reviewed being considered as a paradoxical concept which has been recognised as a means to lessen production costs of end-user products whilst achieving the customisability through economies of scope rather than economies of scale. Nevertheless, the housing industry's business operation tends to follow routines and the close system mode of operation often hinders the enterprises from adopting unfamiliar inn ovations which may be inevitable in realising the delivery and operation of socially, economically and environmentally sustainable homes. In order to deliver a marketable and replicable zero energy/emission mass custom home, or ZEMCH, the strategic balance between the optional and standard features seems to be critical. The optional features may be provided with the aim to enhance design quality (or customizability) that helps contribute to satisfying desires and expectations of individual stakeholders. The standard equipment, on the other hand, needs to be installed in buildings as it aims to exceed product quality whose levels can be adjusted in conjunction with societal demands and requirements. This edition encompasses a wide spectrum of hopes and fears around the design, production and marketing approaches to the ZEMCH delivery and operation, and showcases some exemplars budding out in different climates around the globe

The pandemic crisis has made increasingly relevant and urgent to reflect on the way our cities are organised, on an intra-urban scale. The book aims to bring to the reader's attention the theme of urban neighbourhoods, approaching it from a sociological point of view. The first two chapters outline the theoretical and analytical framework of the neighbourhood approach, contextualising social capital in a differentiated urban dimension within it and recognising the specificity of places and territories in which collective life is organised. In the central chapters, declined in more applicative terms, the reflection focuses on spatialisation of public housing and social mix in the city of Bologna; on residential practices and strategies in the Scampia district (Naples), from which the dynamics of an informal real estate market of social rents emerge. The book continues with an action-research on neighbourhood effect and equity in the right to health within the urban context of Bologna. The final chapter is dedicated to the sustainable city and the importance of neighbourhoods in facing the global challenge of climate change.

Masonry is a construction material that has been used throughout the years as a structural or non-structural component in buildings. Masonry can be described as a composite material made up of different units and diverse types of arrangements, with or without mortar, that is used in many ancient public buildings, as well as with the latest technologies being applied in construction. Research in multiple relevant fields, as well as crossing structural with non-structural needs, is crucial for understanding the qualities of existent buildings and to develop new products and construction technologies. This book addresses and promotes the discussion related to the different topics addressing the use of masonry in the construction sciences and in practice, including theory and research, numerical approaches and technical applications in new works, and repair actions and interventions in the built environment, connecting theory and application across topics from academia to industry.

Enrique Jardiel Poncela (1901-1952) offrì al pubblico spagnolo del suo tempo un teatro che si proponeva una sfida di innovazione basata su una nuova concezione di umorismo. I meccanismi del comico di parola che sostengono il testo scenico costituiscono un banco di prova esemplare nella traduzione delle chiavi di questa comicità, caratterizzata dalla costante alterazione del codice nei diversi livelli della lingua. In particolare, il volume si concentra su una delle commedie di maggiore successo di Jardiel, Los ladrones somos gente honrada (1941), che, grazie alla presenza di un ampio ventaglio di soluzioni comiche, stimola molteplici riflessioni sulle possibilità di resa in italiano.

This reprint focuses on ecosystem observation, simulation and assessment. Ecosystems provide supply, regulation, culture and support services for human beings in addition to overall support human survival and sustainable development. However, driven by multiple factors such as climate change, population growth, urbanization, and exploitation of mineral resources, global problems such as ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss have affected the sustainable development of human beings. Because of this, it has become a hot spot in ecology research to develop basic theories, model methods and technical means for ecosystem observation, simulation and evaluation for the quantitative analysis of the structure, process and function of ecosystems as well as the improvement of the scientific understanding of the changing characteristics and evolution laws of natural ecosystems.

In 1803 in the colonial South American city of La Plata, Doña Martina Vilvado y Balverde presented herself to church and crown officials to denounce her husband of more than four years, Don Antonio Yta, as a “woman in disguise.” Forced to submit to a medical inspection that revealed a woman’s body, Don Antonio confessed to having been María Yta, but continued to assert his maleness and claimed to have a functional “member” that appeared, he said, when necessary. Passing to América is at once a historical biography and an in-depth examination of the sex/gender complex in an era before “gender” had been divorced from “sex.” The book presents readers with the original court docket, including Don Antonio’s extended confession, in which he tells his life story, and the equally extraordinary biographical sketch offered by Felipa Ybañez of her “son María,” both in English translation and the original Spanish. Thomas A. Abercrombie’s analysis not only grapples with how to understand the sex/gender system within the Spanish Atlantic empire at the turn of the nineteenth century but also explores what Antonio/María and contemporaries can teach us about the complexities of the relationship between sex and gender today. Passing to América brings to light a previously obscure case of gender transgression and puts Don Antonio’s life into its social and historical context in order to explore the meaning of “trans” identity in Spain and its American colonies. This accessible and intriguing study provides new insight into historical and contemporary gender construction that will interest students and scholars of gender studies and colonial Spanish literature and history. This book is freely available in an open access edition thanks to TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem)—a collaboration of the Association of American Universities, the Association of University Presses and the Association of Research Libraries—and the generous support of New York University. Learn more at the TOME website: openmonographs.org.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem because it represents around 10% of all cancers and achieves a worldwide estimate of 1.4 million newly diagnosed cases annually, resulting in approximately 700,000 deaths. Approximately 19-31% of patients present liver metastases. At diagnosis, a further 23-38% will develop extra-hepatic disease. Over the past decade, the widespread use of modern chemotherapeutic and biological agents, combined with laparoscopic surgical techniques, has improved the prognosis of metastatic CRC. A better understanding of the biology of the tumor, along with high efficiency of diagnostic and therapeutic methods, as well as the spread of screening programs, will improve the survival of the CRC patients in the near future.

The extreme relevance and timeliness of this book [...] becomes evident when we consider Theodor Adorno's warning about the persistence of the objective conditions that generate fascism, even within democratic societies. [...] The reader will have no difficulty in recognizing the extreme relevance of this book [...], as its reflection reflects problems that are not part of an overcome historical past, but reverberate in current Brazilian society, under the impetus of the catastrophe ethical and social represented by recent Bolsonarism. It is relevant to note that the beginning of the doctoral research that originated the present work dates from the year 2017, a time when the serpent's egg was being slowly gestated, trans- appearing in the morally pernicious mentality of the “School without Party” movement. [...] One of the great merits of the reflection presented in this book is to demystify the public repulsion for the sphere of politics, which in itself integrates the set of fascist syndrome symptoms. Contrary to the mentality of refusing politics, the author emphasizes the urgency of an authentic and autonomous politicization of the sphere of power, so that a potentially public exercise becomes possible. resistant to the spread of barbarism. [...] Hannah Arendt [...] reminds us that “politics” is the sphere of public debate between different people, moved by the perspective of a common world. True politics translates into the exercise of freedom potentially aimed at breaking the state of exception that currently silences public debate and massacres all those who represent difference. [...] The fascist [...] does not want to conserve anything, because his desire, repressed, or often declared, is aimed at the destruction of everything that is possible, from the lives of people who exist on the margins of normality. to the democratic institutions themselves. [...] In tune with the reflections of Theodor Adorno, Hannah Arendt, and other thinkers focused on the critique of fascism, [...] to understand what education is, in this work, we must move away from the very instrumental aspects present at school, seeking to understand this term as synonymous with the formation of the spirit, in the opposite sense to barbarism. [...] Readers who are in tune with a broad understanding of education, aimed at de-barbarization and pacification of society, and above all aimed at combating all types of prejudice, will know how to find in this book an intellectually stimulating, enlightening and readable work. pleasurable.

Python is rapidly becoming the de facto standard language for systems integration. Python has a large user and developer-base external to theneuroscience community, and a vast module library that facilitates rapid and maintainable development of complex and intricate systems. In this Research Topic, we highlight recent efforts to develop Python modules for the domain of neuroscience software and neuroinformatics: - simulators and simulator interfaces - data collection and analysis - sharing, re-use, storage and databasing of models and data - stimulus generation - parameter search and optimization - visualization - VLSI hardware interfacing. Moreover, we seek to provide a representative overview of existing mature Python modules for neuroscience and neuroinformatics, to demonstrate a critical mass and show that Python is an appropriate choice of interpreter interface for future neuroscience software development.

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC-ND license. Ambassadors are a kind of vehicle and bellwether for globalization. These diplomatic envoys serve as pivotal contact points between nations across a wide range of fields, from economics and culture to health and the environment. The special group of ambassadors in this book – those based in Beijing – are at the forefront of what for many countries is one of their most important bilateral relationships, as well one of the most striking and consequential aspects of global affairs in the 21st century: the rise of China on the world stage. This book aims to present an overview of China and the world from diverse angles. It brings together essays by ambassadors to China on a range of bilateral and multilateral issues, including trade and investment, regional economic cooperation, sustainable development, technology and innovation, and entrepreneurship. Given their familiarity with China and extensive international experience, the insights of these ambassadors are useful for policymakers, academics, entrepreneurs, students, and anyone trying to make sense of our rapidly changing world.

As India switches away from a coal-based to a more sustainable energy use pattern, which pathway will it adopt? What is the nature of challenges that it will face, and who will be affected? Who will gain? This volume offers insights into the steps and challenges involved in this transition and addresses some urgent questions about the possible pathways for India’s renewable energy generation. Including contributions from researchers, policymakers, and practitioners, it draws on different disciplines, ranging from science and technology to economics and sociology, and situates the issue of low carbon transition within an interdisciplinary framework. India has committed to gradual decarbonisation of its economy. This book takes this as its starting point and uses a wide-angle lens, incorporating macro as well as micro views, to understand the possible next steps as well as trade-offs that will inevitably be posed. It incorporates the perspectives of all stakeholders ranging from central and state governments, public and private sector firms, on the one hand, to individuals and local communities, on the other, to explore their role in the transition, their interests, and how these will change and evolve. This timely volume will be of interest to students and researchers of environmental studies, development studies, environmental economics, political studies, and Asian studies. It will also be useful to academics, practitioners, and policymakers working on issues related to climate change, sustainable development, energy policy and economics,and public policy.

American schools are in a state of crisis.At the root of our current perplexity, beneath the difficulties with funding, social problems, and low test scores, festers a serious uncertainty as to what the focus and goals of education should be. We are increasingly haunted by the suspicion that our educational theories and institutions have lost sight of the need to perpetuate a core of moral and civic knowledge that is essential for any citizen's education, and indeed for any individual's happiness. Mining the Founders' rich reflections on education, the Pangles suggest, can help us recover a clearer sense of perspective and purpose.With a commanding knowledge of the history of political philosophy, the authors illustrate how the Founders both drew upon and transformed the ideas of earlier philosophers of education such as Plato, Xenophon, Milton, Bacon, and Locke. They trace the emergence of a new American ideal of public education that puts civic instruction at its core to sustain a high quality of leadership and public discourse while producing resourceful, selfreliant members of a uniquely fluid society. The Pangles also explore the wisdom and the weaknesses inherent in Jefferson's attempt to create a comprehensive system of schooling that would educate parents and children and offer unprecedented freedom of choice to university students. An original closing section examines the Founders' ideas for bringing all aspects of society to bear on education. It also shows how Washington, Jefferson, and Franklin presented their own lives as models for the education of others and analyzes the subtle, provocative moral philosophy implicit in the selfdepiction of each.The Learning of Liberty is historical and scholarly yet relentlessly practical, seeking from the Founders useful insights into the human soul and the character of good education. Even if the Founders do not provide us with readymade solutions to many of our problems, the Pangles suggest, a study of their writings can give us a more realistic perspective, by teaching that our bewilderment is in some measure an outgrowth of unresolved tensions embedded in the Founders' own conceptions of republicanism, religion, education, and human nature.