Open Access Books

L’histoire de l’impôt, de la monnaie et des institutions financières propres à la principauté bretonne du temps des ducs de la maison de Montfort (1364-1514) a fourni sa nécessaire trame à la thèse d’État de Jean Kerhervé avec la mise en place et le développement des services centraux d’ordonnancement et de contrôle de la dépense, le renforcement des structures de gestion du domaine et, étape cruciale, l’institution de prélèvements réguliers sur les fruits de la terre, la consommation urbaine...

Certain attributes of American life hold a special attraction to people all over the world, regardless of their social or political beliefs. Often those familiar features are simple banalities of that 'American way,' while more profound and remarkable traits of that complex nation seem to have gone almost unnoticed outside its borders, although their prevalent influence is evident. Current technology, business ways, commerce, culture, etc., are all deeply marked by that country 'ways.' Unquestionably, the American constitutional system is one of these hidden traits that, regardless of the circumstances, is present all over our –so called– Western world. Nevertheless, it is, for most and to most, unknown. Responses to the previous works by this author –Orígenes del constitucionalismo americano and Nosotros, el Pueblo de los Estados Unidos– hinted of a possible interest by law students at the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid for an elective course on American constitutionalism. Thus, that was the reason behind El constitucionalismo americano, as a textbook for that course. Drafted around seven themes, they cover from the beginning of the seventeenth century and the fundamental laws that English settlers brought with them at their early landings on the American continent, to the constitutional Amendments and U.S. Supreme Court decisions of the second half of the twentieth century. Thus, the history of the United States has been divided into seven periods: the British colonial period; the American Revolution; the Federalist effort; the early Amendments and Supreme Court decisions; the Civil War and Reconstruction era; the Progressive era and the New Deal; and the Civil Rights period. For each period, some of the main relevant constitutional events get analyzed. Each theme includes a historical and legal presentation of the period, followed by the primary sources directly related to the events described. Assuming the targeted students may not be very familiar with the overall history of the United States, brief biographical notes are added for the most prominent personalities mentioned in the narrative. As a textbook, each theme includes a number of questions for the students to develop. (Incidentally, the course made it to OpenCourseWare, where its English version got a somewhat good response, receiving one of the organization's awards for 2013.)This work was part of the author's PhD effort. = Determinados aspectos de la sociedad norteamericana muestran tener una atracción especial para todo el mundo, al margen de creencias políticas y sociales. A menudo esas características tan familiares son las más frívolas del 'American way', mientras que rasgos más profundos e importantes de esa compleja nación parecen pasar desapercibidos más allá de sus fronteras, aunque su influencia sea manifiesta. La tecnología, negocios, comercio, cultura, etc., actuales están todos profundamente marcados por los 'ways' –maneras– de ese país. Sin duda alguna el sistema constitucional norteamericano es uno de esos 'rasgos ocultos' que, al margen de circunstancias locales y pequeños detalles, es omnipresente en lo que llamamos 'el mundo occidental'. Las respuestas a anteriores trabajos del autor –Orígenes del constitucionalismo americano and Nosotros, el Pueblo de los Estados Unidos–hicieron entrever un posible interés por parte de los estudiantes de Derecho de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid hacia una asignatura optativa sobre el constitucionalismo norteamericano. De ahí surgió, como manual para ese curso, El constitucionalismo americano. Redactado en siete temas, cubre desde los inicios del siglo XVII y las normas fundamentales que los colonos ingleses llevaron a sus primeros asentamientos, hasta las Enmiendas y decisiones del Tribunal Supremo norteamericano sobre derechos civiles en la segunda mitad del siglo XX. De esta forma, la historia de los Estados Unidos se ha dividido en siete periodos: el periodo colonial británico, la revolución americana, el proceso federalista, las primeras Enmiendas y decisiones del Tribunal Supremo de los Estados Unidos, la guerra civil y la Reconstrucción, la era progresista y el New Deal, y el periodo de los derechos civiles. En cada periodo se estudian algunos de los eventos constitucionales más relevantes y de carácter universal. Cada tema incluye una presentación histórica y jurídica del periodo, seguida de las fuentes primarias relacionadas directamente con los eventos descritos. Suponiendo que los estudiantes a quienes va dirigido el manual podrían no estar muy familiarizados con la historia general de los Estados Unidos, se han añadido unas breves notas biográficas sobre los personajes mencionados en la narrativa. Al ser un manual de trabajo, se han incluido algunas cuestiones sobre los temas tratados para que los estudiantes pueden desarrollar los conocimientos aprendidos. (A título anecdótico, la versión on-line del manual en inglés recibió en 2013 uno de los premios de OpenCourseWare.) Este trabajo ha sido parte de los estudios doctorales del autor.

Sinopsis El propósito de este libro compilado es mostrar aquellas experiencias estudiantiles en la investigación con personas mayores, con las cuales se logró desarrollar competencias no solamente investigativas, sino también aquellas que permiten reconocer, analizar y justificar la actuación profesional en una población, particular y vulnerable, como lo son, las personas mayores, con un sentido de responsabilidad ética, científica y social. Dichas investigaciones fueron desarrolladas durante el periodo 2019 - 2020, y fueron seleccionadas por su novedad investigativa y de intervención, además de responder al eje de comunidad de la línea de investigación ‘Ocupación, Participación y Bienestar’ del Grupo de Investigación BIOH del programa de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad Mariana de la ciudad de Pasto, Colombia, bajo la asesoría y coautoría de la docente investigadora, magíster Eunice Yarce Pinzón. En este texto, el lector podrá encontrar estudios de enfoque cuantitativo, cualitativo y mixto, referentes a temas novedosos en la investigación, relacionados con los roles y la satisfacción ocupacional, creencias y actitudes de la sexualidad, cuidado de las mascotas, autoestima y apoyo social de las personas mayores residentes de regiones de los departamentos de Nariño y Putumayo, innovando además, en la construcción de instrumentos de recolección de información, que se espera sean de gran utilidad para la investigación e intervención, al igual que el uso de instrumentos no disciplinares que aportan al conocimiento y ejercicio de la Terapia Ocupacional.

Since its publication in 1985, Peter Bellwood’s Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago has been hailed as the sole authoritative work on the subject by the leading expert in the field. Now that work has been fully revised and includes a complete up-to-date summary of the archaeology of the region (and relevant neighboring areas of China and Oceania), as well as a comprehensive discussion of new and important issues (such as the “Eve-Garden of Eden” hypothesis and its relevance to the Indo-Malaysian region) and recent advances in macrofamily linguistic classification. Moving north to south from northern Peninsular Malaysia to Timor and west to east from Sumatra to the Moluccas, Bellwood describes human prehistory from initial hominid settlement more than one million years ago to the eve of historical Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic cultures of the region. The archaeological record provides the central focus, but chapters also incorporate essential information from the paleoenvironmental sciences, biological anthropology, linguistics, and social anthropology. Bellwood approaches questions about past cultural and biological developments in the region from a multidisciplinary perspective. Historical issues given extended treatment include the significance of the Homo erectus populations of Java, the dispersal of the present Austronesian-speaking peoples of the region within the past 4,000 years, and the spread of metallurgy since 500 B.C. Bellwood also discusses relationships between the prehistoric populations of the archipelago and those of neighboring regions such as Australia, New Guinea, and mainland Asia.

Serotonin is one of the oldest neurotransmitters in evolutionary terms, and the serotonergic system is complex and multifaceted. Serotonin-producing neurons in the raphe nuclei provide serotonin innervations throughout various parts of the brain, modulating cellular excitability and network properties of targeted brain areas, and regulating mood, cognition and behavior. Dysfunctions of the serotonergic system are implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, schizophrenia, and drug abuse. Although the system has been studied for many years, an integrative account of its functions and computational principles remains elusive. This is partly attributed to the high variability and heterogeneity in terms of neuronal properties and receptor types, and its extensive connections with other brain regions. This Frontiers Research Topic e-book is a collection of recent experimental and computational work and approaches at multiple scales that provide the latest information regarding the integrated functions of the serotonergic system. The contributed papers include a variety of experimental and computational work, and human clinical studies.

One of the largest and most diverse kingdoms in eukaryotes is fungi, which consists of approximately 2.2–3.8 million species. This book provides readers with an in-depth understanding of fungi diversity and the role of fungi in the ecosystem. Chapters address such topics as fungi reproduction and pathology, fungal mycotoxicity, fungi mating mechanisms, and much more.

This book presents a roadmap for an evolutionary psychology of the twenty-first century. It brings together theory from biology and cognitive science to show how the brain can be composed of specialized adaptations, and yet also be an organ of plasticity. Although mental adaptations have typically been seen as monolithic, hardwired components frozen in the evolutionary past, this book presents a new view of mental adaptations as diverse and variable, with distinct functions and evolutionary histories that shape how they develop, what information they use, and what they do with it. The book describes how advances in evolutionary developmental biology can be applied to the brain by focusing on the design of the developmental systems that build it. Crucially, developmental systems can be adaptively plastic, designed by the process of natural selection to build adaptive phenotypes using the rich information available in our social and physical environments. This approach bridges the longstanding divide between nativist approaches to development, based on innateness, and empiricist approaches, based on learning. It shows how a view of humans as a flexible, culturally dependent species is compatible with a complexly specialized brain, and how the nature of our flexibility can be better understood by confronting the evolved design of the organ on which that flexibility depends.

Ettore Lepore, pendant les travaux du Congrès VII des études sur la Grèce antique, a ouvert un colloque sur l'histoire de Sibaritide entre les Ve et VIe siècles avant J.C. qui a produit au cours des trente dernières années de nombreuses contributions, avec des conclusions qui ont donné progressivement forme à la persistance d'une communauté de Sibariti après 511 av. J.C. Cependant, malgré les preuves d'une survie, la date de la fin de Sybaris a souvent constitué un problème qui a empêché une ...

Em que medida a indústria transforma as relações entre as pessoas? Será que os conflitos sociais emergentes nas sociedades menos desenvolvidas em resultado da implantação da grande indústria radicam na memória das sociedades pré-industriais? Indústria e conflito no meio rural é um estudo de história social que procura contribuir para responder a estas duas questões. Centrado no estudo das comunidades alentejanas que se criaram em torno da exploração mineira, procura surpreender a sua evolução...

digital ethics

Der Tagungsband nimmt bildungswissenschaftliche, fachdidaktische und fachliche Perspektiven auf die Digitalisierung in der Lehrer:innenbildung in den Blick, erlaubt erste Bilanzierungen und ermöglicht einen Austausch über Forschungsperspektiven und Lehrkonzepte zu digitalen Kompetenzen. Daneben richtet der Band auch das Augenmerk auf die Gestaltung des durch die Pandemie beschleunigten digitalen Wandels im Unterricht. Beiträge zu Innovationen in Lehr-Lernkonzepten, der Kooperation und der begleitenden Forschung zur Digitalisierung in der Lehrer:innenbildung runden den Band ab.

S’engageant sur des questions iconographiques d’ordre astrologique, hiéroglyphique, emblématique et allégorique, cet ensemble de textes aborde ensuite le portrait du prince selon son apparence vestimentaire et les fonctions qui lui sont accordées. Une seconde partie examine le reflet du prince en son double, qu’il soit divinité mythologique, empereur ou général romain, et dégage les messages politiques qui en résultent pour magnifier les vertus du souverain et l’image de son gouvernement. La dialectique de l’exploit guerrier et du souci topographique s’impose ensuite pour célébrer le territoire, induire l’idée d’un pouvoir central ou métamorphoser l’histoire en mythe, tandis que la fin de l’ouvrage montre comment la représentation de l’espace urbain peut répondre de diverses manières aux enjeux de la mémoire et du pouvoir. Centré sur les notions de miroir et d’espace appliquées à la figure du prince dans le contexte italien de la Renaissance, cet ouvrage est traversé par deux axes de réflexion. Le premier est hérité de la tradition des Miroirs du prince où celui-ci doit se construire une image et se conformer à un idéal, généralement exprimé par un jeu de symboles, d’allégories et d’analogies. Le second tend à montrer que l’image du prince est bien moins élaborée en termes d’intériorité que tournée vers un réseau d’apparences et un système de rapports de force dont l’espace de la cour, de la cité et du territoire constitue le véritable enjeu et le terrain d’exercice.

Un livre peut-il faire mal ? Plongé dans un texte littéraire, le lecteur fait parfois l’expérience de sensations tactiles, douloureuses, musculaires, viscérales. C’est la « lecture empathique ». Mais comment expliquer ce passage du sens au sensori-moteur ? Neuropsychologie, phénoménologie, études culturelles, théories de la fiction et de la littérature sont ici convoquées pour répondre à cette question intrigante, au fil d’un parcours révélant les œuvres de quatre auteurs qui ont marqué la littérature américaine des années 1990 et 2000 (Dennis Cooper, James Frey, Chuck Palahniuk et Mark Z. Danielewski). En mettant l’accent sur l’expérience de la littérature plutôt que sur son interprétation, le modèle développé dans cet ouvrage permet de repenser la question de la valeur artistique en termes de puissance sensorielle et d’immersion, dessinant le projet d’une lecture plus corporelle, d’une lecture empathique. Illustration de couverture : autoportrait de David Nebreda © David Nebreda - 2004 - Éditions Léo Scheer

Why write? Why care about writing well? Most philosophers have seen writing as inferior to speech as a way to move toward truth. Just a few thinkers—including Epictetus, Nietzsche, Arendt, Foucault, Morrison, and Anzaldúa—have said that writing itself can be part of the search for understanding. But how can this be true? In this pathbreaking work, David Arndt argues that our views of writing have been distorted by common concepts of truth, goodness, and beauty, and that we have to critically rethink these concepts in order to better understand in what senses writing can be beautiful, good, and true. He distinguishes several kinds of thought (demonstrative, interpretive, perspectival, and narrative), and explains how they are articulated in different genres of writing (papers, essays, dialogues, and stories). He ends with fifty principles of composition that guide writing at its best. Philosophy of Writing is both a philosophical meditation on writing and a practical handbook on how to write. This luminous and illuminating book shows—in prose that is clear, graceful, and occasionally witty—how writing has been practiced as a kind of meditation conducive to the search for wisdom. But it also shows how this practice opens the deepest questions of philosophy, and calls into question the meaning of philosophy itself. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

In this paper, we analyze the intensive comparisons applied to medieval French adjectives with the meaning ‘yellow’ or with closely related meanings. On the basis of the concept of collocation defined by the Explanatory and Combinatorial Lexicology (Meaning- Text Theory), we study the second terms of these comparisons in successive sections. A first section presents the concept of collocation. The second section is dedicated to the second term of comparison ‘gold’. The third section deals with the term ‘wax’ and the fourth section deals with the term ‘egg yolk’. A fifth section regroups other less frequent second terms of the comparison, such as ‘kite spawn’, ‘oriole feather’ or ‘Spanish broom’. This paper is integrated in the COLINDANTE research project (I+D+i PID2019-104741GB-100, Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain) and is part of a series of works that describe intensive comparisons based on the names of colors in medieval French.