Open Access Books

Este libro pretende ser un modesto aporte a la situación de la pandemia pensada ya como una categoría sociohistórica. Con ello busca-mos aglutinar a un conjunto de colegas investigadores y docentes delas universidades que intentan ensayar una mirada local, tanto desde su lugar de investigación como de su lugar de experiencia vital. La idea es tratar de observar y observarnos en una diferencia respecto de lecturas sociales que, si bien poseen un alto valor reflexivo, secircunscriben desde el punto de vista de su producción a otros territorios.

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This book is open access and available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. It is funded by Knowledge Unlatched. Picture Post magazine was made famous by its pioneering photojournalism, which vividly captured a panorama of wartime events and the ordinary lives affected. This book is the first to examine this fascinating primary source as a cultural record of women’s dress history. Reading the magazine’s visual narratives from 1938 to 1945, it weaves together the ways in which design, style and fashion were affected by, and responded to, the state of being at war - and the new gender roles it created for women. From the working class of Whitechapel to the beach sets of the Bahamas, and from well-heeled Mayfair to middle-class New York, Women in Wartime takes a wide-angled lens to the fashions and lifestyles of the women featured in Picture Post . Exploring the nature of femininity and the struggle to be fashionable during the war, the book reveals critical connections between clothing and social culture. Drawing on a unique range of photographs, Women in Wartime presents a living history of how women’s clothing choices reflect changing perceptions of gender, body, and class during an era of unprecedented social change.

This open access book commemorates the 50th anniversary of the Special Olympics (1968-2018). This is the fourth volume of the first oral history about people with intellectual disabilities in the world and the first oral history of persons with disabilities in China. This book also includes stories from teachers, coaches, school principals, parent leaders, coworkers, and volunteers. They share their personal views on people with intellectual disabilities. The book also includes observations and records of what people with intellectual disabilities and others do on a certain day. It uses sociology and oral history to give an objective, neutral account of the lives of people with intellectual disabilities in China. It helps readers understand how the Special Olympics movement, public policies, social environment, and self-cognition affect people with intellectual disabilities.

The invention of an easily learned Korean alphabet in the mid-fifteenth century sparked an “epistolary revolution” in the following century as letter writing became an indispensable daily practice for elite men and women alike. The amount of correspondence increased exponentially as new epistolary networks were built among scholars and within families, and written culture created room for appropriation and subversion by those who joined epistolary practices. Focusing on the ways that written culture interacts with philosophical, social, and political changes, The Power of the Brush examines the social effects of these changes and adds a Korean perspective to the evolving international discourse on the materiality of texts. It demonstrates how innovative uses of letters and the appropriation of letter-writing practices empowered elite cultural, social, and political minority groups: Confucians who did not have access to the advanced scholarship of China; women who were excluded from the male-dominated literary culture, which used Chinese script; and provincial literati, who were marginalized from court politics. New modes of reading and writing that were developed in letter writing precipitated changes in scholarly methodology, social interactions, and political mobilization. Even today, remnants of these traditional epistolary practices endure in media and political culture, reverberating in new communications technologies. The Power of the Brush is freely available in an open access edition thanks to TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem) and the generous support of Emory University and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. DOI 10.6069/9780295747828

On a global scale, athalassic inland salt lakes are abundant, albeit restricted to semiarid and arid climates. La Salada de Chiprana is unique in Western Europe, because it is a permanent and relatively deep (up to 5.6 m) hypersaline lake (40–90 g total dissolved salt L–1) since 1700 AD. It forms part of a cultural landscape, which imposes a challenge for management. The aim of this paper is to describe the specific microbial biota and how they interacted with both animals and plant species during the last 25 years. The deeper parts regularly showed salinity stratification with an anoxic sulfide-rich hypolimnion and a bloom of green sulfur bacteria (Prosthecochloris aestuarii and Chlorobium vibrioforme) at the pycnocline. Despite highly eutrophic conditions, often the top water layer is transparent due to top-down control of phytoplankton populations by the brine shrimp, Artemia parthenogenetica. This allows for the development of submerged aquatic vegetation of the endemic foxtail stonewort Lamprothamnium papulosum var. papulosum f. aragonense, and microbial mat communities build by the cyanobacterium Coleofasciculus (Microcoleus) chthonoplastes coexisting with green filamentous nonsulfur bacteria (Chloroflexaceae). The microbial mats show photosynthetically induced precipitation of high-Mg calcite, which by incorporating viruses represents a mechanism for their fossilization.

Trotz seiner bedeutenden Beiträge zur Philosophischen Anthropologie und Sozialphilosophie ist das Denken Helmuth Plessners noch immer nicht ausgeschöpft. Dabei bieten seine Überlegungen zur exzentrischen Positionalität, zu Macht und menschlicher Natur, zu Ethik und Politik außerordentlich produktive Anschlüsse an heutige Debatten. Sie zeigen sich sowohl in Bezug auf ein gesellschaftskritisches Denken als auch im Blick auf »den Menschen« nach seinem viel beschworenen Ende. Gerade vor dem Hintergrund der Diskussionen um die Lebenswissenschaften und die neueren Biotechnologien sind seine Konzepte hochaktuell. Die Beiträge von G. Gamm, J. Fischer, G. Lindemann u.a. unternehmen den Versuch, Plessners Denken für die Philosophie, aber auch für die Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften fruchtbar zu machen.

Modern dynamics was established many centuries ago by Galileo and Newton before the beginning of the industrial era. Presently, we are in the presence of the fourth industrial revolution, and mechanical systems are increasingly being integrated with electronic, electrical, and fluidic systems. This trend is present not only in the industrial environment, which will soon be characterized by the cyber-physical systems of industry 4.0, but also in other environments like mobility, health and bio-engineering, food and natural resources, safety, and sustainable living. In this context, purely mechanical systems with quasi-static behavior will become less common and the state-of-the-art will soon be represented by integrated mechanical systems, which need accurate dynamic models to predict their behavior. Therefore, mechanical system dynamics are going to play an increasingly central role. Significant research efforts are needed to improve the identification of the mechanical properties of systems in order to develop models that take non-linearity into account, and to develop efficient simulation tools. This Special Issue aims at disseminating the latest research achievements, findings, and ideas in mechanical systems dynamics, with particular emphasis on applications that are strongly integrated with other systems and require a multi-physical approach.

V monografiji avtorici uvodoma predstavita pomen izobraževanja za državljanstvo v multikulturni družbi, katerega osnova je razumevanje multikulturnega okolja ter razumevanja državljanske vzgoje kot vzgoje sodobnega državljana 21. stoletja. Posebno pozornost namenita konceptu znanja ter analizi njegovih (nacionalnih in mednarodnih) elementov v mednarodni raziskavi državljanske vzgoje (ICCS 2009). Analizo formalnih in neformalnih vidikov takšnega izobraževanja v slovenskem šolskem prostoru v povezavi z rezultati slovenskih učencev v mednarodni raziskavi strneta v predlaganih didaktičnih strategijah, ki lahko prispevajo h krepitvi znanja slovenskih učencev na tem področju.

The main subject of the study is revealing “cultural routes”, by the evaluation of ancient roads which have cultural accumulation on and around them. Considering the unique character of cultural routes, their formation as a consequence of cultural accumulation in a region is the main objective of the project. The project aims to explore the basic principles of cultural route planning and management in regard to the values of historic, natural, rural, modern and archeological components of cultural accumulation and cultural landscapes. Means that can be used to conserve and sustain their specific character are sought. In doing this, the study is structured in two main parts. It both covers a theoretical framework of conceptual principles and a case study. In the first part, together with the development process of the cultural route concept with different definitions and classifications stated by researchers and organizations the study mainly discusses the principles of cultural route planning and management. In the second part, based on the theoretical research, the process from a road to a cultural route is reviewed through a case study together with its planning and management principles. As the case study of the study, the ancient road between Milas and Labraunda is selected since it has a potential of transformation to a cultural route. Assessing its areas rich in cultural, historical and natural heritage together with the archaeological, architectural and local values, the work is finalized by a spatial cultural route model.

Biological membranes protect cells and organelles from the surrounding environment, but serve also as organising platforms for physiological processes such as cell signalling. The hydrophobic core of membranes is composed of lipids and proteins influencing each other. Local membrane composition and properties define its molecular organisation and, in this way, regulate the function of all associated molecules. Therefore, studying interactions of components, biophysical properties and overall membrane dynamics provides essential information on its function in the context of cell activities. Such knowledge can contribute to biomedical fields such as pharmacology, immunology, neurobiology and many others. The goal of the Research Topic entitled ‘Molecular organisation of membranes: where biology meets biophysics’ was to provide a comprehensive platform for publishing articles, reviews and opinions focused on membrane organisation and the forces behind its heterogeneous and dynamic structure. We collected 11 works which cover topics as diverse as general membrane organisation models, membrane trafficking and signalling regulation, biogenesis of caveolae, protein-lipid interactions and the importance of membrane-associated tetraspanins networks. The prevalent theme was the existence of membrane nanodomains. To this point, new emerging technologies are presented which own the power to bring a novel insight on how membrane nanodomains are formed and maintained and what is their function. We believe that the collection of works in this Research Topic brings forward some important questions which will stimulate further research in this difficult but exciting field.

High-efficiency and high-performance cutting of difficult-to-cut materials has been an important topic for over one hundred years. As there is an increasing emergence of new machining techniques and materials, there is an increasing need to update the current pool of knowledge in order to gain a deeper understanding of various cutting techniques. The topics covered in this Reprint include material removal mechanisms, chip formation, cutting force, temperature, surface integrity, etc.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 License. It is free to read, download and share on Elgaronline.com. This ground-breaking book makes visible the global counter-movement for environmental justice, combining ecological economics and political ecology. Using 500 in-depth empirical analyses from the Atlas of Environmental Justice, Martínez-Alier analyses the commonalities shared by environmental defenders and offenders respectively.

The article briefly traces the perspective on work developed by Axel Honneth in the context of his recognition theory. For Honneth, work is a vector of social recognition, a field of conflict but also of solidarity, and the normative foundation of a truly democratic society. In the first part of the article, I outline the main features of the sphere of work in Honneth's paradigm, as well as the role of normative conflicts within it; in the second part of the article, I delineate how, according to Honneth, a more just cooperation in the sphere of work can be achieved.

The treatise is the first coherent and comprehensive presentation of the important sub-field of ""technology entrepreneurship"" emphasizing the science and engineering perspectives. It is a presentation of technology entrepreneurship as an inter-cultural approach referring to the US and Germany. It integrates micro- and macro aspects referring to numerous cases of firms' foundations. The book provides also a new semi-quantitative approach to growth of new technology ventures.