Open Access Books

In various places in Wallonia, the alteration of the ecological integrity of our rivers has led, in the past, to the rarefaction of certain fish species, in particular ecologically sensitive heritage species such as the rheophilic cyprinids. Although the physico-chemical and hydromorphological quality of the habitat has now improved, or is in the process of returning to a satisfactory level in many rivers, the natural recolonization of fish is sometimes slow and restoration or support stocking is necessary to accelerate this process or facilitate it in the most isolated sectors. The production of juveniles for restocking requires the mastery of all the rearing phases: reproduction of broodstock, larval rearing, grow-out of juveniles to marketable size, as well as the growth and sexual maturation of captive fish constituting new breeding stocks. After a description of the biology of the barbel, this book addresses the different stages of production, and considers the growth of larvae and juveniles under various rearing conditions and levels of intensification. It brings together all the knowledge acquired on barbel rearing and constitutes a technical guide for fish farmers interested in the production of new species./En divers endroits de Wallonie, l'altération de l'intégrité écologique de nos rivières a conduit, par le passé, à la raréfaction de certaines espèces de poissons, en particulier des espèces patrimoniales écologiquement sensibles comme les cyprinidés rhéophiles. Si la qualité physico-chimique et hydromorphologique de l'habitat s'est aujourd'hui améliorée, ou est en voie de retrouver un niveau satisfaisant dans de nombreux cours d'eau, la recolonisation piscicole naturelle est parfois lente et des repeuplements de restauration ou de soutien sont nécessaires pour accélérer ce processus ou le faciliter dans les secteurs les plus isolés. La production de juvéniles destinés au repeuplement nécessite la maîtrise de l'ensemble des phases d'élevage : la reproduction des géniteurs, l'élevage larvaire, le grossissement des juvéniles jusqu'à la taille commercialisable, ainsi que la croissance et la maturation sexuelle de poissons captifs constituant des nouveaux stocks de reproducteurs. Après une description de la biologie du barbeau, cet ouvrage aborde les différentes étapes de la production, et envisage la croissance des larves et juvéniles dans des conditions d'élevage et des niveaux d'intensification variés. Rassemblant l'ensemble des connaissances acquises sur l'élevage du barbeau, il constitue un guide technique destiné au pisciculteur intéressé par la production de nouvelles espèces.

This volume reassesses the life and work of Octavia Hill, housing reformer, open space campaigner, co-founder of the National Trust, founder of the Army Cadet Force, and the first woman to be invited to sit on a royal commission. In her lifetime she was widely regarded as an authority on a broad range of social problems. Yet despite her early pre-eminence, and the remarkable success of the institutions which she helped to found, Hill fell from public favour in the twentieth century. This book provides a nuanced portrait of Hill and her work in a broader context of social change, reflecting recent scholarship on nineteenth-century society in general, and on philanthropy and preservation, and women’s role in them, in particular.

This chapter presents the fate of the charge carriers from the moment of its photogeneration in the perovskite to injection and transport into electrodes. Time-resolved electrical measurement techniques, terahertz (THz) spectroscopy and microwave (MW) conductivity, are primarily used to deconvolute ultrafast processes and to directly access behavior of charged species from the ps to µs timescales. Transient absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy were also utilized to gain insight on carrier population dynamics and radiatively recombining charges. Photogenerated charged species were converted into highly mobile charges (µe = 12.5 cm2V-1s-1 and µh = 7.5 cm2V-1s-1) almost instantaneously (< 0.2 ps), while the remaining loosely bounded excitons dissociate into mobile charges after 2-3 ps. This high mobility is maintained for at least 1 ns as obtained by THz spectroscopy, while its lifetime is at least few tens of µs as measured by the MW conductivity technique. Lowering the temperature increases carrier mobilities with T-1.6.Dependence and a 75 meV barrier energy is required for temperature-activated recombination. Finally, injection of hole from MAPbI3 to Spiro-OMeTAD was found to be ultrafast and the state and population of dark holes dictate its recombination.

The pollution of soil and groundwater by harmful chemical compounds and heavy metals is becoming very serious in many countries. Although remediation is necessary as soon as possible, the performance of conventional bioremediation processes is not sufficient. This book deals with advances in bioremediation and phytoremediation processes by using excellent strains and a combination of processes. In the chapters of this book, the researchers have introduced the overall status of contamination; the characteristics of bioremediation using halobacteria, Candida yeast, and autochthonous bacteria; and phytoremediation using macrophytes. Moreover, other researchers introduced a process using biochar and electric currents, and this combination of processes and phytoremediation enhances the overall process.

While uses and studies of XR technology within STEM-based education have been plentiful in recent years, there has been lesser or even, at times, a lack of coverage for this novel learning tool in the arts and humanities.Past and Future Presence aims to bridge some of that gap by presenting research-based theory and case studies of successful application and implementation of XR technology into postsecondary educational settings, ranging in topics from ancient to modern languages, classical and contemporary art, and reenvisioned historical scenes and events presented in ways never seen before. The studies also contemplate how this novel medium can enhance and supplement learning in classrooms and other formal or informal learning environments. The volume as a whole is intended to demonstrate to educators, scholars, and researchers in higher education the potential value of integrating XR technology into their classrooms and to provide a strong argument for college and university administrators to invest in training and development of new research and content for classrooms inside and outside of STEM. The authors of these chapters come from a diverse range of backgrounds at different stages of their careers, providing a broad crosssection of scholastic work within the humanities and arts. Each chapter offers a different angle or approach to incorporating XR technology into teaching or research within different subject areas. As the volume suggests, this technology also places additional emphasis on the humanity within the humanities, by focusing on increasing connection between users and different cultures, time periods, and perspectives.

In Spain, unlike other countries where its incorporation is later, cinema as a university subject begins its journey in the 70s, first inserts within the art history programs, where exceptions still survive, and later in the facultiesof Information and Communication Sciences. But it will be in the last years of the twentieth century when it begins to consolidate within university education, including masters, specialist courses or courses

This book investigates the syntax and usage of fragments (Morgan 1973), apparently subsentential utterances like "A coffee, please!" which fulfill the same communicative function as the corresponding full sentence "I'd like to have a coffee, please!". Even though such utterances are frequently used, they challenge the central role that has been attributed to the notion of sentence in linguistic theory, particularly from a semantic perspective. The first part of the book is dedicated to the syntactic analysis of fragments, which is investigated with experimental methods. Currently there are several competing theoretical analyses of fragments, which rely almost only on introspective data. The experiments presented in this book constitute a first systematic evaluation of some of their crucial predictions and, taken together, support an in situ ellipsis account of fragments, as has been suggested by Reich (2007). The second part of the book addresses the questions of why fragments are used at all, and under which circumstances they are preferred over complete sentences. Syntactic accounts impose licensing conditions on fragments, but they do not explain, why fragments are sometimes (dis)preferred provided that their usage is licensed. This book proposes an information-theoretic account of fragments, which predicts that the usage of fragments in constrained by a general tendency to distribute processing effort uniformly across the utterance. With respect to fragments, this leads to two predictions, which are empirically confirmed: Speakers tend towards omitting predictable words and they insert additional redundancy before unpredictable words.

The charm of Mathematical Physics resides in the conceptual difficulty of understanding why the language of Mathematics is so appropriate to formulate the laws of Physics and to make precise predictions. Citing Eugene Wigner, this “unreasonable appropriateness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences” emerged soon at the beginning of the scientific thought and was splendidly depicted by the words of Galileo: “The grand book, the Universe, is written in the language of Mathematics.” In this marriage, what Bertrand Russell called the supreme beauty, cold and austere, of Mathematics complements the supreme beauty, warm and engaging, of Physics. This book, which consists of nine articles, gives a flavor of these beauties and covers an ample range of mathematical subjects that play a relevant role in the study of physics and engineering. This range includes the study of free probability measures associated with p-adic number fields, non-commutative measures of quantum discord, non-linear Schrödinger equation analysis, spectral operators related to holomorphic extensions of series expansions, Gibbs phenomenon, deformed wave equation analysis, and optimization methods in the numerical study of material properties.

Naples Bay is affected by metal contamination of geogenic and anthropogenic nature. The grain size, organic matter, nutrients, and metal content of the seafloor sediments were analysed through a statistical approach, and a comparison was made with data ashore. The results identified four zones: one contaminated by volcanic rocks; a second and third zone contaminated by anthropogenic inputs; and a fourth distal zone with a low contamination rate. The results show that the river should be considered as a major source of anthropogenic contamination.

Taking the province of Niederdonau as an example, this pioneer study highlights everyday fields-of-force between National Socialism and agrarian society in which rural actors competed for resources among themselves and with official functionaries. The megaproject of ‘volkish productivism’ – the creation of an efficient peasantry in ‘racial’ and economic terms – got stuck with regard to technical development. However, with regard to institutional development, there emerged a pathway towards an alternative modernity beyond Liberalism and Communism.

Als Verbundguss wird eine gießtechnische Fertigungsmöglichkeit bezeichnet um metallische Gussstücke mit speziellem Eigenschaftsprofil her zu stellen. Im Rahmen der vorgestellten Dissertation werden Bleche verschiedener Aluminiumknetlegierungen (breites Spektrum an mechanischen Eigenschaften) mit Aluminiumgusslegierungen (hohe Gestaltungsfreiheit) erfolgreich auf rein stoffschlüssiger Basis verbunden. Schlüsseltechnologien stellen zum einen das Kaltkammer-Druckgussverfahren und zum anderen das Zinkatverfahren als Oberflächen-aktivierende Vorbehandlung der Bleche dar. Insbesondere in Kombination mit einer Wärmebehandlung der Verbunde werden unter speziellen Lastverhältnissen deutliche Verbesserungen der mechanischen Eigenschaften erzielt.

Excessive utilization of power electronic devices and the increasing integration of renewable energy resources with their inverter-based interfaces into distribution systems have brought different power quality problems in these systems. There is no doubt that the transition from traditional centralized power systems to future decentralized smart grid necessities is paying much attention to power quality knowledge to realize better system reliability and performance to be ready for the big change in the coming years of accommodating thousands of decentralized generation units. This book aims to present harmonic modeling, analysis, and mitigation techniques for modern power systems. It is a tool for the practicing engineers of electrical power systems that are concerned with the power system harmonics. Likewise, it is a key resource for academics and researchers who have some background in electrical power systems.

The volume, dedicated to the 44th International Conference of the Italian Union for Drawing, investigates the theme of ‘Transitions’, which particularly effectively represents our time and the current condition of the discipline of Drawing. The term, beyond its generic meaning of an intermediate stage in a process in which a condition changes from one state to another, has always been used in various fields, from music to geophysics. In fact, the disciplines of drawing have always been confronted with themes and issues relating to transitions from one condition to another. The history of representation tells us of transformations, even epochal ones, relating to ‘drawing’, with all that such transitions entail: suffice it to think of the evolution of forms of representation, of instrumental apparatuses, of the mutability of supports, of the analogical-digital transition underway, of the new modes of communication on platforms, of the hypertrophic offer of images also on the net that confirms Guy Debord’s intuitions relating to the new spectacularisation of society. Similarly, representation triggers transitions in the prefiguration and communication of design, the anticipation and foreshadowing of future events.The challenges posed by the digital pose open questions whose scope can only be glimpsed, such as the relationship between drawing and the act of modelling, and the construction of new paradigms of visual language and communication. ‘Transitions’, almost implicitly, points to possible futures, the evolution of technique and the search for new modes of expression; at the same time, however, it can suggest silences and reflections in a process of connection between history, theory, criticism and construction.

The book is a successful research experiment that has also been successful as a teaching resource. It proposes a critical evaluation of the conceptual tools developed to read and understand a society. Ten sociological concepts are addressed (Community, Citisenship, Social Class, Social Capital, Gender, Executive Class, Political Party, Political Culture, Subculture, Antipolitics) each examined by a young researcher active in the Florentine doctorate of Sociology and Political sociology. An involvement of young people that has allowed a reinterpretation of "old" concepts and the identification of the heuristic effectiveness of "new" concepts.

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