Open Access Books

TheMA is a peer-reviewed open-access research journal dedicated to the history of performing and visual arts. It is published biannually and specializes in the critical and trans-disciplinary historical study of artistic production and reception in various artistic genres including literature, theatre, music, painting, sculpture, and architecture.

A decade ago, New American Schools (NAS) launched an ambitious effort forwhole-school reform to address the perceived lagging achievement of Americanstudents and the lackluster school reform attempts that have produced so fewmeaningful changes. As a private nonprofit organization, NAS set out tohelp schools and districts significantly raise the achievement of largenumbers of students by offering whole-school designs and design-basedassistance during the implementation process. NAS is currently in thescale-up phase of its effort, and its designs are being widely diffused toschools across the nation. During the 1997_1998 and 1998_1999 school years,RAND assessed the effects of NAS designs on classroom practice and studentachievement in a sample of schools in a high-poverty district. RAND foundthat high-poverty schools often have fragmented and conflicting environmentswith difficult and changing political currents and entrenched unions.Teachers in high-poverty schools tend to face new accountability systems andfluctuating reform agendas. These teachers generally lack sufficient timefor implementing reform efforts, often becoming demoralized and losing theirenthusiasm for the difficult task of improving student performance underdifficult conditions. RAND concluded that high-stakes tests may motivateschools to increase performance and to seek out new curricula andinstructional strategies associated with comprehensive school reforms.However, those same tests may provide disincentives to adopt richer, morein-depth curricula that can succeed in improving the learning opportunitiesof all students, particularly those in high-poverty settings.

Con esta obra se pretende la consolidación del tejido social en el marco del interés por comprender las empresas actuales, y la importancia otorgada al talento humano como eje imprescindible para el diseño de estrategias que conlleven a la innovación, competitividad y sostenibilidad en el mercado. Entonces, llama la atención discernir los elementos propios de la administración, en tanto, contribuyen con el mejoramiento del medio ambiente, la sociedad y el Estado, pues las compañías logran ser consideradas como las pioneras en la creación de políticas públicas que permitan la consolidación de vínculos comunitarios entre los diferentes actores de las cadenas de valor, logrando con ello, oportunidades de empleabilidad y rentabilidad en el país.

Neurology & clinical neurophysiology

Hierarchy; Cooperation; Agricultural systems; Governance; Primary sector; Socioeconomics; Agri-food chain; Agricultural economics

With the founding of the New York Herald in 1835, James Gordon Bennett began what was to become the most successful and widely circulated newspaper of mid-nineteenth-century America. He did not invent the cheap popular newspaper, but his innovations, a combination of sensationalism, technological improvements, and comprehensive news coverage, made the Herald the prototype of modern journalism and the best newspaper of its time. Subsequent yellow journalists like Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearts merely carried Bennett’s techniques to new heights—or depths. Bennett championed the masses and created a newspaper for them. Priced cheap enough for most New Yorkers to afford, the Herald served up information that was useful, educational, and entertaining. Articles covered the whole range of human activity—sex, crime, tragedy, medicine, religion, culture. This book is not a biography of Bennett but rather an account of him as editor and publisher. His editorials were notorious for their rhetorical extremism, and his public identity was based on negatives—Anglophobia, anti-Catholicism, and anti-abolitionism in particular. He misled his unsophisticated readers with simplistic explanations of events and forces that affected their lives. He claimed to be politically independent, above party, but he was constantly enmeshed in the party battles of the period. His contemporaries envied his success bit detested the means by which he achieved it; they respected his power but hated him personally. Former accounts of Bennett have been anecdotal and superficial. James. L. Crouthamel has based his research primarily on a day-by-day reading of over three decades of the Herald and thus provides useful facts and assessments of a major period in the history of journalism.

This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open resource tools for representation learning techniques, and discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing.

The aim of this atlas is to present summarised information and to illustrate comprehensively the shell morphology and structure of the majority of recorded Sphagnum-dwelling testate amoebae in Bulgaria (a total of 120 species, each of them illustrated with 9 LM and SEM photos). Since most of these species appear to be widely distributed in Europe, as well as in many other regions of the world, the atlas may be of interest to all researchers on testate amoebae and can also be used by specialists in ecology, hydrobiology, palaeoecology and environmental monitoring.

This volume deals with the history of the Greek language, starting from the assumption that it should be studied in a genuinely diachronic perspective, without temporal and disciplinary caesuras. In order to enhance the linguistic dimension of the continuity between ancient and contemporary Greece, the volume brings together contributions by scholars who have made the diachronic approach the distinctive feature of their work: they reflect not only on the different formative moments of the Greek language (its ‘history’), but also on the ‘histories’ that have concerned it, on the ways in which it has been interpreted and narrated in different periods of Greekness.

Poverty and inequality remain extremely high for Cameroon despite improvements in poverty figures between 1996 and 2001. To understand the dynamics of poverty and inequality between 1996 and 2001, this book develops a poverty and inequality profile, investigates the sources of inequality along spatial lines and simulates some policies which could be used in the reduction of poverty and inequality. The book also addresses two major sectors of the Cameroonian economy with a special focus on gender bias in agriculture and linkages between the formal and informal sector. The empirical analyses show that there are large spatial differences in poverty in Cameroon and that sources of inequality vary by location. Regardless of the definition used, the informal sector in Cameroon is extremely large but closely linked to the formal sector. The gender bias experienced by women in access to productive assets in agriculture reduces the efficiency of agricultural production.

In June 2001, operators and equipment vendors in the communications ecosystem founded the nonprofit WiMAX Forum, an industry-led organization aimed at harmonizing broadband wireless access standards. Nowadays, about 10 years later, the WiMAX technology is a mature and affordable solution for high-speed IP-based 4G mobile broadband, fully supporting bandwidth-intensive services,such as high-speed Internet access and television, as well as less bandwidth-demanding but more latency-sensitive services, such as voice-over-IP calls. In this book a collection of selected papers is presented, which covers several aspects of the WiMAX technology, with particular reference to multiuser multiple input multiple output diversity techniques,peak-to-average power ratio, mesh architectures, handover mechanisms, coordinated authentication in a heterogeneous network environment and multicast /broadcast re-keying algorithms.

Modeliranje pokrajine ('Modelling landscape') is the fifteenth volume in the series GIS v Sloveniji (GIS in Slovenia). The goal of the volume is to present the wide variety of research findings on geographical information systems in Slovenia in recent years. Powerful geoinformatic tools and precise data facilitate research on processes and phenomena, and their modelling. The volume presents project outputs and research results in areas such as geology, geomorphology, hydrology, environmental protection, geography, surveying, archaeology, transport, telecommunication infrastructure, tourism, cultural heritage, remote sensing, and others. Readers will discover new features regarding the applicability of geographical information systems and will learn about interesting research findings in many areas.

Published

Entrepreneurship plays an exceptional role in the development of economies and is a vital source of change in all aspects of society. This book tries to facilitate a fundamental rethinking of entrepreneurial activity and how it is manifested. It addresses a critical shortcoming in much of the research, education, and economic development work that deals with entrepreneurship. Instead of the general theories of entrepreneurship, the book lays a foundation for developing theories of different kinds of entrepreneurial ventures. As the reader navigates these pages, he or she should hopefully broaden their entrepreneurial landscape and identify critical factors that drive contemporary entrepreneurship.