Open Access Books

Editor Nilgün Bozbuğa, Sevinç Gülseçen The main goal of the use of information technologies in medicine is to increase efficiency, productivity and quality in health services. In healthcare, traditional complex health service systems are increasingly replaced by smart systems that can be monitored and controlled in real time. Intelligent systems equipped with digital technology opportunities have started the “Health 4.0” era in health care fields. The definitions of “Health 4.0” and “Smart Health” are used in parallel with the “Industry 4.0” period, in order to emphasize the cyber-physical determinants of health, symbolizing real-time information provision and access to holistic health care. One of the most important reasons why the concept of smart health has become popular is the concept of big data produced in medicine as well as in all areas of life. The enormous size and variety of data, whether real-time or timestamped, structured or unstructured, continues to grow in healthcare. Clinical artificial intelligence applications, which include more efficient and faster technological solutions in the production of health services, and which aim to increase the health level of individuals and improve their quality of life, are becoming widespread with approaches to improve health services by analyzing health data. In addition to the use of artificial intelligence in the administration of health services, performance and capacity increase, original models are also created in the management of health services. The use of informatics approaches in diagnosis, treatment and care processes, the developments in digital imaging technologies, the use of robotic systems in surgery, the widespread use of modeling and simulation technologies in medical education make a difference in the functioning of health institutions. Despite the disadvantage of high initial investment costs, artificial intelligence technologies in the field of health contribute greatly to measurement, diagnosis, treatment management and follow-up activities with their facilitating and adaptive effects. Although conceptual and technical studies on the future of artificial intelligence applications continue, it is not possible for artificial intelligence systems to display the ability for emotional intelligence, which requires design, adaptation and intuition, and to perform multitasking similar to the human brain. As in the field of informatics, there are still concerns about ethical reasoning responsibility and ethical decision making in artificial intelligence applications in medicine. In the third book of the series published by Istanbul University Press in medical informatics, the applications of medical informatics and artificial intelligence in medicine are discussed with a multidisciplinary approach and broad perspective. In particular, telemedicine and out-of-hospital patient management issues, which allow health service delivery to be provided without time and space limits, are handled with public regulations specific to the coronavirus pandemic period.

Les saisons sont à la mode, et pourtant… Les innovations techniques de ces dernières décennies (transformation des modes de transports, d'élevages ou de cultures, transformations génétiques des espèces elles-mêmes) nous ont permis, en grande partie, de nous affranchir des contraintes saisonnières. En ce début de XXIe siècle, les questions climatiques et celles de la transition écologique nous interpellent sur l'importance de tenir compte des saisons. Entre contrainte et choix, désir d'affranchissement et volonté de les respecter, notre rapport aux saisons n'a pas fini d'interroger. Comment se pratiquent les variations saisonnières dans nos quotidiens alimentaires ? Quelles récurrences et ruptures engagent-elles ? Comment la saisonnalité s'articule-t-elle à d'autres rythmes sociaux et comment affecte-t-elle les rapports aux espaces et temporalités humaines ? Ce livre explore plusieurs des dimensions liées à la saisonnalité dans le domaine alimentaire. Par la diversité des sources présentées, par son caractère pluridisciplinaire, cet ouvrage met en lumière la richesse des pratiques de saisonnalité, ici et ailleurs, hier et aujourd'hui.

Aimed at bridging a crucial gap in legal education, Uncovering European Private Law provides a comprehensive introduction to the evolving field of European private law. This innovative handbook addresses the interplay of national, European, and transnational rules governing relationships between private actors, including individuals and businesses. Designed with students in mind, this volume not only covers foundational concepts but also explores cutting-edge developments in areas such as contract, tort, property, and company law. What sets this handbook apart is its contextual approach. By integrating societal and theoretical perspectives, it encourages students to critically evaluate private law's role in addressing global challenges like digitalization, sustainability, and globalization. Gathering the expertise of over twenty international law scholars, the handbook reflects the expertise of academics deeply engaged in teaching and research. With structured chapters and accessible narratives, this handbook replaces piecemeal materials previously used in courses. It offers coherence and depth, making it an essential resource for understanding the legal frameworks that shape commerce, legal practice, and broader societal issues. Whether for mandatory or elective courses, this guide empowers students to navigate and critically assess the dynamic field of European private law providing an essential resource for the private lawyers of the future.

Dans les Pensées, Pascal met toutes les ressources de l'éloquence au service d'une argumentation qui traque inlassablement le vrai. Le raisonneur implacable ne se distingue pas de l'écrivain au sommet de la maîtrise de son art. L'idée apparaît intimement liée à la forme qui l'exprime, le tout aboutissant à un équilibre qui n'a guère d'égal dans l'histoire de la pensée européenne. D'où la force des Pensées, qui ne cessent de charmer et qu'on ne se lasse jamais de citer et d'admirer. Mais aussi la difficulté d'un texte dont la parfaite clarté risque souvent de masquer l'extraordinaire richesse et complexité qu'une masse prodigieuse de commentaires et d'éditions s'évertue à éclaircir depuis presque quatre siècles. Cette introduction s'efforce d'offrir au lecteur une présentation exhaustive et détaillée des Pensées qui, au fil d'une analyse serrée du texte (presque un véritable commentaire suivi) explicite les enjeux théologiques et philosophiques de l'argumentation orchestrée par Pascal et définit les éléments marquants du style de son écriture.

Romances and other narratives about relationship formation are generally considered popular literature in contemporary research, and they have been studied typically in a feminist framework and from the perspective of cultural studies. This edited volume [Romance stories in the 21st century. Plots and breakdowns of relationship formation in literature and popular culture] opens a new perspective on 21st-century couple-making narratives by examining the topic crossing media boundaries. The articles deal with for example seduction narratives, dating reality television, video game romances and chick lit, as well as their parodies, from the starting points of literary studies. Understanding the mechanisms, characteristics and history of these narratives also opens up a critical perspective on the social phenomena they present. The book shows that the beginning of a romance is still a popular topic in the 21st century media, with many kinds of narratives and counter-narratives. In addition to utilizing patterns typical of the genre, the works may also comment on romance narratives as conscious cultural models and present them, for example, as a symbolic resource that helps the individual to reflect on their own life. In the 21st century, romance stories have been more inclusive and ethically aware, while also being incorporated into less traditional media such as video games.

This volume ('Johann Ludwig Schönleben (1618–1681): A description of his life and work') features the first fundamental research on Johann Ludwig Schönleben (1618–1681), an important Carniolan historian, preacher, theologian, and polymath, who despite his greatness and importance for the Slovenian and wider European environment has not yet been comprehensively studied. It presents his life in detail, explaining many aspects of his life that have been unknown or poorly known up to now. The biographical part is followed by an overview of Schönleben’s entire oeuvre, which includes all of his printed and manuscript writings discovered so far, either preserved or unpreserved. The last two chapters focus on Schönleben’s historiographic and rhetorical or preaching works, placing his most important printed works in these two areas at the forefront, but also taking into account his extensive manuscript material. This volume provides an evaluation of Schönleben as a historian and preacher, and draws attention to the important transitional role he played in these two areas (influencing the works of his successors Johann Weikhard von Valvasor, Johann Gregor Thalnitscher, Tobia Lionelli, and Jernej Basar).

Führen als eine Kunst zu begreifen, diesem Anliegen gehen die Beiträge des von Götz W. Werner und Peter Dellbrügger herausgegebenen Sammelbands nach. Ein Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf dem Thema der Freiheit: Stefan Brotbeck entwirft eine Phänomenologie der Unfreiheit, indem er soziale Mechanismen entlarvt, die uns und anderen das Leben schwer machen. Weiterhin geht es u.a. um die "Befreiung" der Führung (Rehn), Hierarchie (Hardorp), Vertrauen (Lavecchia), Bildung (Dietz) und Sinnstiftung (Werner).

En cassant l’image monobloc de Las Vegas, cet ouvrage propose de construire sa légitimité urbaine et d’en faire un élément de réflexion pour l’appréhension de la géographie urbaine américaine. L’analyse met en évidence une tension fondamentale entre la banalité de la ville et sa spécialisation touristique. En s’appuyant sur des données quantitatives et des entretiens qualitatifs, Pascale Nédélec identifie une citadinité marquée par la faiblesse des relations de voisinage et du sentiment de communauté.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread globally to pandemic proportions. Although the majority of cases have asymptomatic or mild infections, a significant proportion of cases progress to severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring critical care. Opportunistic infections following severe respiratory viral infections have been recognized since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Among critically ill patients with COVID-19, secondary fungal infections caused by Aspergillus and Candida spp. are increasingly described, affecting up to 30% of COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care treatment. This collection of manuscripts focuses on fungal infections complicating COVID-19, including immunological mechanisms and pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.

This book addresses the current situation of the professional profile regarding the attention to the elderly, dealing with various themes of great relevance in this area. The book arose, as a demand for professionals in their work with the elderly to face certain situations such as the way of acting before, for example, behavioral problems in cognitive deterioration. The research that we have carried out with the professionals of the elderly as well as the meetings with professional associations, such as the College of Psychologists of Murcia, allowed us to configure different topics of interest to configure the chapters of the book. The chapters addressed have been the following: Psychological development in those over 45 by addressing the characteristics of employment and unemployment, neurological and psychiatric diseases in older people, ethical and legal aspects of previous instructions, current state of the Dependency Law, Regional regulations for older people, gerontological coaching, patterns of action in the face of cognitive impairment, the work of creativity, the importance of nutrition, volunteering, the grieving process and stress in the professional caregiver. Finally, professional profiles in the care of the elderly through the commitment to specialized training, the configuration of multidimensional teams of experts and the development of good professional practices.

When American occupiers broke up the Japanese empire in the wake of World War II, approximately 1.7 million people departed Japan for various parts of Northeast Asia. The mass exodus was spearheaded by Koreans, many of whom chartered small fishing vessels to ship them back quickly to their liberated homeland, while wartime devastation hampered the return of Okinawans to their archipelago. By the time the officially endorsed repatriation program was inaugurated, however, increasing numbers of people began escaping US military rule in southern Korea and the Ryukyu Islands by smuggling themselves into occupied Japan.How and why did these migrants move across borderlines newly drawn by American occupiers in the region? Their personal stories reveal what liberation and defeat meant to displaced peoples, and how the compounding challenges of their resettlement led to the expansion of smuggling networks. The consequent surge of unauthorized border-crossings spurred occupation authorities into forging exclusionary migration regulations. Through a comparative study of Korean and Okinawan experiences during the postwar occupation era, Matthew Augustine explores how their migrations shaped, and were in turn shaped by, American policies throughout the region.This is the first comprehensive study of the dynamic and often contentious relationship between migrations and border controls in US-occupied Japan, Korea, and the Ryukyus, examining the American interlude in Northeast Asia as a closely integrated, regional history. The extent of cooperation and coordination among American occupiers, as well as their competing jurisdictions and interests, determined the mixed outcome of using repatriation and deportation as expedient tools for dismantling the Japanese empire. The heightening Cold War and deepening collaboration between the occupiers and local authorities coproduced stringent migration laws, generating new problems of how to distinguish South Koreans from North Koreans and “Ryukyuans” from Japanese. In occupied Japan, fears of communist infiltration and subversion merged with deep-seated discrimination, transforming erstwhile colonial subjects into “aliens” and “illegal aliens.” This transregional history explains the process by which Northeast Asia and its respective populations were remade between the fall of the Japanese empire and the rise of American hegemony.

This book focuses on difficulties and opportunities in revitalization of old, derelict or abandoned buildings into a library and investigates the transformation of buildings which originally had a different purpose. The publication shows worldwide best practice examples from different types of libraries in historic environments, both urban and rural, while maintaining a focus on sustainability concerning the architecture and interior design.

Partimos para Alfama com algumas perguntas iniciais. Onde está o fado em Alfama? Como é ele? E antes disso: haverá de facto fado em Alfama? Para nossa surpresa, as primeiras respostas que obtivemos foram rotundamente negativas. Primeiro contacto: almoço com o Vitalha (na altura, para nós era ainda o Victor). Cerca de 30 anos. Vive em Alfama. Nasceu lá. Aparece bem vestido, fato completo, colete e gravata. E com aquele ar malicioso, desenrascado, espertalhão, que de boa vontade se associa ao personagem característico dos bairros populares de Lisboa. O ar «gingão» — dizia ele de si próprio, meses mais tarde, em animada conversa. O Vitalha está plenamente disposto a ajudar («embora tenha pouco tempo…»: é árbitro de futebol, tem os fins-de-semana sempre ocupados). Mostra a sua aprovação por termos escolhido o bairro de Alfama como centro de interesse para o nosso estudo. E surge de imediato o termo de comparação: o Bairro Alto. Esse já não seria bom porque… «Não tem nada!… A não ser aquilo que se sabe…» Ou seja, é «muito ordinário» para nós. O tema da forte identidade colectiva bairrista e da rivalidade com outros bairros lisboetas é uma constante que se nos foi deparando em Alfama. Ainda lhe faremos referência. Veja-se para já, a este respeito, o trabalho de João Catarino e Madalena Pereira sobre os Santos Populares em Alfama e as descrições das cenas de pancadaria das «púrrias» dos bairros alfacinhas em Alfama — Gente do Mar, de Eduardo de Noronha.

The aim of this reprint is to present the latest advances in plant genetic engineering and biotechnology published in Plants. In this Special Issue, several important economic and cereal crops, Brassica napus, Brassica juncea, Coffea arabica, Nasturtium officinale, Nicotiana tabacum, Oryza sativa, Passiflora edulis, Solanum betaceum, Solanum tuberosum, and Solanum lycopersicum, are included. Several important gene families, including the cytochrome P450 superfamily, the R2R3-MYB subfamily, the MYB superfamily in Brassica, and the NAC in Passiflora edulis, are extensively analyzed, and the function and potential application of several genes, such as BnCYP704B1a and BnCYP704B1b for genic male sterility, PeNAC-19 for low temperature, and the SUPERMAN-like gene for fruit size control, is determined. A set of new methods is presented for gene transformation and plant propagation. Efficient markers for CMS breeding in oilseed rape and novel reference genes in rice are also reported. In addition, advancements in carotenoid metabolism and in the flavonoid regulation of Brassica, as well as guidelines of genome editing for gene validation and trait improvement, are investigated. In this reprint, leading experts in the field share their insights, research findings, and visions for the future. Overall, this is significant in the sustainable development of crops.