Open Access Books

Susan Leigh Star's (1954-2010) research encompasses aspects of infrastructural and social theory, knowledge ecologies, feminism and theories of marginality. For the first time, this volume introduces the American science and technology sociologist's most important writings in German. Her texts on border objects, marginality, infrastructures and standards are commented upon by academics and scientists in these fields, and analyzed for their relevance to media studies. With commentaries by Geoffrey C. Bowker, Cora Bender, Ulrike Bergermann, Monika Dommann, Christine Hanke, Bernhard Nett, Jörg Potthast, Gabriele Schabacher, Cornelius Schubert, Erhard Schüttpelz and Jörg Strübing.

Recent decades have witnessed profound shifts in the politics of medicine and the biological sciences. Members of several professions, including philosophers, lawyers and social scientists, now discuss and help regulate issues that were once left to doctors and scientists, in a form of outside involvement known as ‘bioethics’. The making of British bioethics provides the first in-depth study of the growing demand for this outside involvement in Britain, where bioethicists have become renowned and influential ‘ethics experts’. The book moves beyond existing histories, which often claim that bioethics arose in response to questions surrounding new procedures such as in vitro fertilisation. It shows instead that British bioethics emerged thanks to a dynamic interplay between changing sociopolitical concerns and the aims of specific professional groups and individuals. Highlighting this interplay has important implications for our understanding of how issues such as embryo experiments, animal research and assisted dying became high profile ‘bioethical’ concerns in late twentieth century Britain. And it also helps us appreciate how various individuals and groups intervened in and helped create the demand for bioethics, playing a major role in their transformation into ‘ethics experts’. The making of British bioethics draws on a wide range of materials, including government archives, popular sources, professional journals, and original interviews with bioethicists and politicians. It is clearly written and will appeal to historians of medicine and science, general historians, bioethicists, and anyone interested in what the emergence of bioethics means for our notions of health, illness and morality.

Matriarchy in Bronze Age Crete: A Perspective from Archaeomythology and Modern Matriarchal Studies offers a very different perspective of Crete than is usually found in academic writing; making a compelling case for a matriarchal Bronze Age Crete.Bronze Age Crete evokes for many the image of an exceptionally sophisticated civilization: peaceful, artistic, and refined; a society in which women were highly visible and important, and the supreme deity was a Goddess. Yet, despite the fact that authorities acknowledge that the preeminent deity of Crete was a Female Divine, and that women played a major role in Cretan society, there is a gap in the scholarly literature, and a lively, ongoing debate regarding the centrality of women and the existence of matriarchy in Bronze Age Crete.The purpose of this work is to fill that gap, and to advance the debate over whether or not ancient Crete was a woman-centered and matriarchal society toward a more complex, detailed, and certain conclusion. To that end this publication utilises the field of modern matriarchal studies, with its carefully elucidated definition of the term matriarchy, and employs the methodology of archaeomythology – the use of historical, mythological, linguistic, and folkloric as well as archaeological sources.Given its scope, the volume will be of interest to scholars and students in the fields encompassed by archaeomythology, as well as the fields of women’s studies, women’s history, women’s spirituality, and modern matriarchal studies.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

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Venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs less often in children than adults and therefore remains underrecognized despite increasing in incidence. Due to the risk of mortality, short- and long-term morbidity, and increased healthcare costs associated with pediatric VTE, this entity merits better understanding and consideration. With this Research Topic, we aim to highlight some special considerations of pediatric VTE, namely risk factors and epidemiology, rare types of pediatric thrombosis and considerations unique to specific clinical patient subgroups, approaches to management and treatment, and prevention

On connaissait déjà, de longue date, les parcs et les espaces verts : soigneusement aménagés et jalousement gardés, ils rompent la monotonie de l'espace bâti en y introduisant une image de nature « civilisée ». En revanche, on redécouvre seulement aujourd'hui, à la lisière de nos cités, les sites semi-naturels, qui, parce qu'ils ont été le plus souvent laissés à l'abandon, nous livrent quelque chose de la nature « naturelle ». Les biologistes ont mis en lumière la richesse de leur écosystème, la variété de leur faune et de leur flore. C'est cependant à une autre forme de « défense et d'illustration » que s'attache cet ouvrage. Au-delà de leur diversité biologique, il restait en effet à faire apparaître leur valeur sociale : une analyse sociologique approfondie s'y emploie qui met en lumière les multiples images que s'en font les habitants de la ville, ainsi que les divers usages qui s'y développent. Ressources biologiques uniques en milieu urbain, et enjeux d'usages tantôt complémentaires, tantôt opposés, les sites semi-naturels appellent une gestion démocratique et un traitement juridique protecteur. C'est à l'étude des virtualités des instruments juridiques disponibles que s'attache la seconde partie de l'ouvrage. Un cadre est ainsi dressé en vue d'assurer une protection réelle de ces espaces-lisières qui occupent d'ores et déjà une place de choix dans le patrimoine commun des citadins. Six sites bruxellois ont été choisis en raison de leur valeur illustrative : le Kauwberg, le Scheutbos, le Moeraske, le Neerpede, le Kattebroeck, ainsi que le plateau de la Foresterie. Ces deux études ont été menées à l'initiative du fonds de l'environnement de la fondation Roi Baudouin.

For the first time, this anthology is dedicated to the early days of baby armchairs in Europe. It contains seven articles by international researchers who deal with the history of the introduction and establishment of armchairs in various European centers of power. Carrying chairs are fascinating objects that elude conventional categorizations in many ways. On the one hand, they can be assigned to the furniture area - at least in their simplest design - but on the other hand they are also a means of transport. In a simple, robust design, armchairs were inexpensive everyday vehicles in city traffic that could be rented for short distances. In precious furnishings, on the other hand, they were courtly showpieces, which eminently symbolized social differences of the civil society: representatives of the upper class were transported in their palaces or on the streets of the city by servants dressed in precious liveries, rose above the unclean ground and symbolically caught up with the common people.

In recent years, harassment and violent attacks against Jews and Muslims have become issues of concern in many Western countries. However, antisemitism and Islamophobia are often framed as essentially different phenomena, not least as a result of political polarization and deeply divided opinions on both immigration and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The present volume challenges this view and argues that antisemitism and Islamophobia are largely related phenomena and linked to xenophobic ideas in the general population. The study is based on varied and comprehensive survey data about attitudes towards Jews and Muslims in Norway, including the attitudes and experiences of the two minority groups themselves. Moreover, it supplements survey analysis with qualitative research, exploring the discursively constructed boundaries of “what can or cannot be said” about Jews and Muslims. Focused on the rich material of the Norwegian case, the volume thus offers new perspectives for the study of prejudice in general.

Der "more economic approach" prägt längst sämtliche Felder der klassischen Wettbewerbspolitik auf Ebene der Europäischen Union, also die Fusionskontrolle, die Missbrauchsaufsicht oder das Kartellverbot. Zunehmend ist jedoch das Bemühen zu beobachten, auch in benachbarten Politikbereichen stärker "ökonomisch" zu argumentieren. Erster Kandidat dazu ist die EU-Beihilfenpolitik, seit diese beginnend mit dem "Aktionsplan Staatliche Beihilfen" von 2004 im Fokus der Brüsseler Reformbestrebungen steht. Die Autoren des Bandes greifen die entsprechenden Reformbemühungen auf europäischer Ebene auf und diskutieren sie kritisch. Die Beiträge im Band - allesamt schriftliche Fassungen der im März 2007 in Frankfurt a.M. auf der Jahrestagung 2007 der Arbeitsgruppe Wettbewerb des Wirtschaftspolitischen Ausschusses im Verein für Socialpolitik gehaltenen Referate - zeigen dabei deutlich, worin die Möglichkeiten, aber auch die Grenzen einer ökonomischeren Herangehensweise im Bereich der Beihilfenpolitik liegen. So werden die Besonderheiten staatlicher, budgetwirksamer Beihilfen mit teils außerökonomischen Rechtfertigungen im Vergleich zur "traditionellen" Wettbewerbspolitik deutlich herausgearbeitet. Die Perspektive ist dabei stets multidisziplinär. Der Band umfasst entsprechend Beiträge namhafter deutscher Wettbewerbs- und Industrieökonomen und wettbewerbspolitisch interessierter Juristen ebenso wie solche aus Rechtsanwender-Perspektive.

Die 1972 von den Frankfurter Slavisten Olexa Horbatsch und Gerd Freidhof begründete Reihe Specimina philologiae Slavicae wird heute von Holger Kuße (Dresden), Peter Kosta (Potsdam), Beatrix Kreß (Hildesheim), Franz Schindler (Gießen), Barbara Sonnenhauser (Zürich) und Nadine Thielemann (Wien) herausgeben. In der Reihe erscheinen Monographien, Sammelbände und Lehrbücher zu allen Gebieten der Slavistik, der Sprach-, der Literatur- und der Kulturwissenschaft. In der Sprachwissenschaft erscheinen sowohl sprachhistorische als auch innovative Arbeiten zur Pragmatik und Semantik, zu slavischen Kleinsprachen und zur Diskurslinguistik. In der Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft gehört zu den besonderen Interessensgebieten die Russische Philosophie.

The motive of ugliness in the lyric poetry of Gottfried Benn is an integral element of his work, whereas research concentrates mainly on ideological views as well as professional medical experience of the German author. These issues undoubtedly have influence on Benn’s poetry, however, the aesthetics of ugliness, which is a key element here, appears to be treated secondarily. The aim of this article is to present the motive of ugliness in the lyric poetry of the author as well as present the current status of research on this subject. Academicism of the motive of ugliness dates back to ancient times, when the crucial point for Greek philosophers and thinkers was to try to define beauty and its opposite – ugliness. The aesthetic category of ugliness in literature is presented as the opposite to beauty, innocence and good. It is often compared to evil, demons and human tragedies. Although the aesthetic category of ugliness was especially common in modernism, it must be mentioned that it was also present previously.

Romans et nouvelles de Colum McCann ne cessent de renvoyer à d'autres textes et d'interférer avec eux. La présente étude – premier ouvrage en français consacré à l'écrivain irlando-américain – identifie, décode et analyse cette pratique intertextuelle. Elle lit et interprète les textes sous l'angle des relations de coprésence et de dérivation qu'ils tissent avec des écrits d'autres auteurs. Par la citation, la référence ou l'allusion, l'œuvre décline diverses formes d'insertion d'un texte en elle ; par la parodie ou l'imitation, elle opère un travail de réécriture sur le texte inséré. Romans et nouvelles de McCann sont ainsi abordés comme des réécritures de textes bibliques, des reprises de légendes issues de la mythologie celtique, mais aussi des miroirs du contexte socio-politique irlandais ou des vecteurs des grands discours idéologiques. Chaque texte de fiction de l'écrivain fait ici l'objet d'un chapitre dédié et d'une approche spécifique selon un concept particulier de la théorie intertextuelle, tel l'influence, l'autorité ou l'intention.

In this work, the damping properties of adhesively bonded joints are investigated numerically, experimentally and analytically. In numerical investigations on steel structures, the potential of bonded joints to optimise the structural dynamics is demonstrated. The damping properties of bonded joints are determined in experimental investigations. The development of a methodology for the analytical identification of functional relationships between the test results is a further focus of the work.

Les trois siècles d’indépendance de la ville de Metz (1234-1552) peuvent être liés à la présence de ses fortifications, construites à l’extrême fin du XIIe siècle. Sa muraille, longue de 5575 m, flanquée de soixante-seize tours, de sept portes et de douze poternes, a protégé une population de plus de vingt mille habitants, répartis sur plus de150ha. Entre les XIIe et XVIe siècles, Metz est ainsi une des cités les plus prospères de l’ouest du Saint-Empire romain, protégée par une des plus grandes enceintes urbaines de la fin du Moyen Âge. Au XIVe siècle, la cité se munit d’une administration spécialisée, les Sept de la guerre, chargés de gérer la défense et la diplomatie, et les Sept des murs, dédiés à l’entretien de la fortification à l’aide des corporations de métiers.Il ne reste de nos jours que 1 000 m de muraille, équipée de certains éléments remarquables, comme la porte des Allemands, un des derniers symboles de cette puissance passée. Entre 2011 et 2016, les membres de l’association Historia Metensis ont entrepris l’étude de ces vestiges en les relevant et en complétant les données recueillies sur le terrain grâce aux documents d’archives.Cet ouvrage est le fruit de six années de recherche. Plus qu’une simple étude des vestiges du front de Seille, il se veut être une véritable synthèse sur l’histoire de l’enceinte urbaine messine, tout en présentant aussi les modalités de son entretien et la mise en défense de la ville.