Open Access Books

Las últimas décadas del siglo XX corresponden a lo que Huntington definió como la «tercera ola» de democratización, que comienza en el sur de Europa en la década de los 70, continúa con los países latinoamericanos en los años 80 y en los del este europeo post-comunista en los años 90. Entre las cuestiones generadas por el surgimiento de estas democracias, el problema de la gestión de la violencia pasada (la de la dictadura), presente (la de la transición) y futura (la de la democracia restaur...

Aspects of Leadership is a new book edited by Lieutenant Colonel Carroll Connelley and Dr. Paolo Tripodi, the Ethics Branch head, and comprised of essays by a group of 20 leadership and ethics scholars and practitioners. The Lejeune Leadership Institute Ethics Branch, Marine Corps University, provides current and relevant scholarly research and instruction on ethics and moral leadership and the law of war. This collection of essays provides timely and insightful views on current leadership behavior and ethical concerns that men and women of the armed forces face in the demanding, complex, and prolonged decade of armed conflict.

Throughout the history of Arab-Israeli peace negotiations, security has been the most important-and most challenging-issue for Palestinians, Israelis, and their neighbors. This study examines key external security issues regarding the construction of a Palestinian state. Its proposals include a NATO-led international peace-enabling force and Israeli-Palestinian confidence-building measures.

1995-2005: Χιλιάδες Έλληνες και Ελληνίδες ανεβάζουν στο διαδίκτυο ιστοσελίδες μέσα από τις οποίες πληροφορούν τους επισκέπτες τους για τις προτιμήσεις τους, τις συνήθειες, τα ταξίδια, τα πράγματα που είναι και εκείνα που θα ήθελαν να είναι. Σ’ αυτές τις «ιδιωτικές» γωνιές του Internet, κατά έναν απρόσμενο τρόπο, η παρουσία του παρελθόντος είναι εντυπωσιακή· επίμονες, συνεχείς και εκτενείς αναφορές στο ιστορικό παρελθόν μεταμορφώνουν τους ιδιωτικούς κυβερνοχώρους των πρώτων Ελλήνων «κατοίκων» του διαδικτύου σε πεδία ανάδυσης ετερόκλητων αφηγήσεων για το συλλογικό παρελθόν. Ποια είναι η σχέση αυτών των αναδυόμενων ιστορικών αφηγήσεων με την ιστορία που έχουμε συνηθίσει να μαθαίνουμε και να γράφουμε στη διάρκεια των δύο τελευταίων αιώνων; Μελετώντας το Διαδίκτυο ως ένα εκμαγείο στην επιφάνεια του οποίου χαράσσονται οι τρόποι με τους οποίους αντιλαμβάνεται την Ιστορία ένα δυναμικό τμήμα της ελληνικής κοινωνίας, το βιβλίο συσχετίζει την εντυπωσιακή παρέλαση του παρελθόντος στις ψηφιακές οθόνες με τις ευρύτερες διαδικασίες παραγωγής ιστορικής κουλτούρας στη σύγχρονη Ελλάδα.

In recent years, demand for organic products has grown, as consumers consider them to be safer and healthier than conventional ones. Research has been conducted over the years to investigate old and new reliable systems for testing the authenticity of products obtained using organic cultivation methods. This Special Issue contains original research articles, communications, and review articles on different agronomic practices and techniques (such as fertilization and pest management) that address crop authenticity in organic agriculture. Research that focuses on the application of approaches to tracking chemical components derived from the primary and/or secondary metabolism of organic and conventional products are included. The SI also includes papers that discuss the isotopic distribution of elements and that highlight the diversity induced by conventional and organic production techniques with the final aim of establishing new tools for organic horticultural crop characterization and authenticity. The use of innovative spectroscopic techniques and metabolomics and the application of sustainable agronomic practices in organic cropping systems are reported. Finally, the SI also reports data analysis through chemometrics tools that enable the validation of multivariate implemented approaches for organic crop authenticity.

Dem Komponieren im Musikunterricht wird schon lange ein besonderes ästhetisches und kreatives Bildungspotential attestiert - bislang jedoch ohne empirische Befunde. Elisabeth Theisohn untermauert den musikpädagogischen Anspruch an das Komponieren in der Schule. Sie rekonstruiert kreatives Handeln und Lernen von Schüler*innen beim gemeinsamen Komponieren, das sich zwischen pragmatischer Aufgabenerledigung, Behauptungen des Eigenen und Kollaboration aufspannt. Dabei entwickelt sie nicht nur didaktische Gestaltungsprinzipien für agilen, norm- und kontingenzsensiblen Musikunterricht, sondern entwirft auch einen differenzierten Blick auf Unterricht und Schule aus praxeologischer Perspektive.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Published

Advancements Across the Oral Sphere takes readers on a compelling journey through the groundbreaking innovations transforming dental practice in the 21st century. This authoritative text covers a spectrum of technological advancements, beginning with the Metaverse in Dentistry, where virtual and augmented realities offer unprecedented possibilities for patient interaction, training, and practice management. The book dives into Digital Dentistry and CAD/CAM Technology, explaining how digital solutions enhance precision, streamline workflows, and elevate patient outcomes. In 3D Printing in Dentistry, readers will discover how customizable, on-demand production of prosthetics, models, and surgical guides is revolutionizing dental procedures. Teledentistry further expands the scope of care, enabling practitioners to deliver consultations and follow-ups remotely, broadening accessibility for diverse patient populations. Additional chapters focus on Laser Dentistry, detailing its role in minimally invasive, highly targeted treatments, and Sleep Apnea and Dentistry, which examines how dental professionals are uniquely positioned to address this common yet serious health issue. The book concludes with a look at Nanotechnology in Dentistry, exploring the transformative potential of nanoscale innovations in diagnostics, therapeutics, and tissue regeneration. Designed for dental professionals, educators, and forward-thinking students, Advancements Across the Oral Sphere combines scientific rigor with practical insights. Each chapter presents clear, evidence-based discussions, complemented by case studies, illustrative graphics, and future forecasts that underscore the practical application of each technology. This essential guide equips readers with the knowledge and vision needed to navigate the rapidly evolving landscape of modern dentistry and embrace the future with confidence.

Dispositif phare de la recherche partenariale, la Convention industrielle de formation par la recherche (Cifre) permet à un acteur socio-économique de bénéficier d’un financement pour recruter un doctorant dont les recherches, encadrées par un laboratoire public, conduiront à la soutenance d’une thèse. Elle permet en outre d’offrir aux futurs docteurs de nouvelles possibilités d’accéder à un emploi hors de la sphère académique. Restées pendant longtemps à la marge de cet instrument initialement conçu pour favoriser les collaborations science-industrie, les sciences humaines et sociales représentent aujourd’hui annuellement plus de 20% des thèses Cifre, dont le périmètre s’est élargi à l’ensemble des secteurs d’activité. L’ambition de cet ouvrage est de proposer une analyse étayée du dispositif actuel, du point de vue spécifique des sciences humaines et sociales, afin d’en montrer les avantages et de faire mieux apprécier cette modalité de financement de la recherche encore méconnue de certains, à l’heure où les transitions (énergétique, numérique écologique, sociale) appellent des coopérations nouvelles entre toutes les sciences et l’ensemble des acteurs de la société.

With the rise of direct-democratic instruments, the relationship between popular sovereignty and the rule of law is set to become one of the defining political issues of our time. This important and timely book provides an in-depth analysis of the limits imposed on referendums and citizens’ initiatives, as well as of systems of reviewing compliance with these limits, in 11 European states.

There is now strong evidence demonstrating that the brain simulates action and other functions. Such action simulation can be evoked through conscious mental rehearsal of movement or imagery, but also through passive action observation watching movements in others. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that mental rehearsal of movement, or mental practice, can produce improvements normally attributed to practising actual movements. It is currently assumed that such improvements are due to neural activation associated with action simulation. However the neuroscience of mental practice efficacy is still poorly understood. The aim of this research topic is to clarify the underlying mechanisms of mental practice, bringing evidence from cognitive neuroscience, experimental neuropsychology, sport and movement science, and clinical neurology. It also attempts to address confusion regarding the concepts of imagery and observation, which has hampered the progression of mental practice research both scientifically and applied. As well as reviews, theoretical, and position articles, this research topic includes original neuroimaging, experimental, and patient research addressing, among others, the following issues. Neuroimaging studies provide strong evidence for action simulation, but the link to behavioural change and functional outcome is weak. What is the evidence that mental practice efficacy is driven by neuroplasticity processes evoked by action simulation? This research topic includes contributions on neural correlates and behaviour with regards to imagery and action observation. Much of the mental practice efficacy evidence comes from longstanding research within sport science. However, what does mental practice entail in these contexts, and to what extent is it compatible with the cognitive neuroscience perspective of action simulation? This research topic will include contributions that consider both evidence and concepts with regards to imagery and action observation, in an attempt to build an interdisciplinary consensus on the nature and application of mental practice. Mental practice is perceived as a promising motor rehabilitation technique, but critically there is lack of clarity or consensus on what mental practice treatment should entail. It is also not clear what are the most appropriate outcomes to measure imagery ability and cognitive or behavioural change following mental practice. A further important issue that needs consideration as part of this research topic is dosage, as it is currently unclear how much mental practice is appropriate and whether this depends on patient variables such as age, cognitive functioning, motor function, or pathophysiology.

The effective development of public and social health policies in Peru requires a deep, up-to-date, and geographically disaggregated understanding of the population's living conditions, health status, and demographic patterns. Despite ongoing efforts by the Peruvian state, significant structural challenges persist in critical areas; the magnitude and evolution of these challenges must be constantly monitored and analyzed. The central issue addressed in this book revolves around the need to translate the vast statistical data from the 2023 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) into a strategic analysis that identifies and quantifies health and demographic gaps and challenges in Peru. This book focuses on a detailed statistical analysis of the 2023 ENDES results—an essential tool produced by the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI) that enables the formulation, monitoring, and evaluation of public policies regarding health and social development.

This book discusses contemporary standards of legal safeguards in the area of bulk electronic surveillance from the perspective of the European legal model. Bulk, or untargeted, surveillance, although traditionally associated with the interception of electronic communications, is increasingly used as a convenient tool for collecting information on large groups of society. The collection of redundant information, which is intrinsic to bulk surveillance, is no longer a side effect but an important objective of the use of bulk powers. As a result, untargeted surveillance is everywhere increasingly being implemented, and without any clear link to state security or crime-fighting objectives. This work examines the origins of untargeted measures, explores their mechanics and key concepts, and defines what distinguishes them from other forms of surveillance. The various elements of the legal safeguards in place, which are fundamental to protecting individuals from the risks of abuse of power, are analysed in detail. The book discusses not only the different standards of legal safeguards, but also gives examples of their implementation in individual European countries. It also examines the relationship between the development of the global data market and untargeted surveillance powers, in particular in the context of the risks associated with algorithmic surveillance, client-side scanning, the privatisation of surveillance – or surveillance as a service – and the increasingly widespread use of preventive content filtering mechanisms. The book will be a valuable resource for academics and researchers working in the areas of law, international relations, public policy, engineering and sociology. It will also appeal to professionals dealing with various aspects of the use of surveillance measures, such as experts, members of the legislature and law enforcement agencies.

Analyzing some of the most remarkable images, build-ings, and spaces in the Southern Caucasus between Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, this volume is an invitation to see Subcaucasian sacred spaces from the vantage point of their early devotees and beholders. These essays follow a series of case studies ranging from the division of space in churches to the liminal borders of these divisions, to pilgrimage dynamics, images, and liturgy. The authors of this volume investigate the ways in which different socio-cultural groups living in the Caucasian area interacted not only through their artistic and architectural projects, but also conceptually and intellectually through divergent theories and practices concerning living spaces, com-munal shared heritages, and the human as well as the supranatural spheres.