Humanities & Social Sciences

Über das eigene Lebensende autonom bestimmen zu können, ist der Wunsch vieler Menschen. Höchste Gerichte in Deutschland und Österreich erkennen das Recht auf assistierten Suizid als eine Form des selbstbestimmten Sterbens an. In der Schweiz tragen Sterbehilfeorganisationen zu einer breiteren Akzeptanz bei. Wie aber ist die Suizidhilfe ethisch zu rechtfertigen? Und wie soll die emergente Praxis geregelt und gelebt werden? Die Beiträger*innen widmen sich diesen Fragen aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive. Sie beleuchten dabei vor allem das Problem der Freiverantwortlichkeit eines Suizidwunschs sowie neu entstehende Vulnerabilitäten und analysieren so die soziokulturellen Herausforderungen für eine gute Versorgung am Lebensende.

Agricultural engineering, developed as an engineering discipline underpinned by physics, applies scientific principles, knowledge, and technological innovations in the agricultural and food industries. During the last century, there was exponential growth in engineering developments, which has improved human wellbeing and radically changed how humans interact with each other and our planet. Among these, “Agricultural Mechanization” is ranked among the top 10 in a list of 20 Top Engineering Achievements of the last century ;that have had the greatest impact on the quality of life. While many success stories abound, the problems of low appeal among students, identity crises, and limited job opportunities in many climes continue to trouble the discipline’s future in many parts of the world. Yet agriculture and agricultural engineering remain fundamental to assuring food and nutrition security for a growing global population. Agricultural, Biosystems, and Biological Engineering Education provides the first comprehensive global review and synthesis of different agricultural, biosystems, and biological engineering education approaches, including a detailed exposition of current practices from different regions. Key Features Describes novel approaches to curriculum design and reform Outlines current and emerging epistemology and pedagogies in ABBE education Provides a framework to grow agricultural engineering in Africa and other developing regions Highlights the role of ABBE education in the context of the SDGs Presented in 3 parts and containing 42 chapters, this book covers the historical evolution of agricultural engineering education and discusses the emergence of biological and biosystems engineering education. It will appeal to engineers and other professionals education planners and administrators, and policy makers in agriculture and other biological industries.

Neorrealismo y cine en Cuba: Historia y discurso entorno a la primera polémica de la Revolución, 1951-1962 examina la historia estética y las relaciones entre la producción cinematográfica cubana y el neorrealismo italiano. El recorrido histórico comienza en 1951, antes del triunfo de la Revolución, y termina en 1962, año que marca la ruptura entre los cineastas cubanos y la estética neorrealista italiana. Las colaboraciones principales sucedieron entre los directores de cine Tomás Gutiérrez Alea y Julio García Espinosa y el cineasta neorrealista italiano Cesare Zavattini. Las circunstancias que llevaron al fin de las relaciones entre Zavattini y los cineastas cubanos están conectadas a la película El joven rebelde, dirigida por García Espinosa y estrenada por primera vez en 1961. La ruptura se dio por divergencias creativas e ideológicas sobre la manera en que se quería retratar al protagonista del largometraje. Este detalle, que aparentemente puede parecer de menor importancia, tuvo repercusiones importantes que llevaron a un distanciamiento de García Espinosa, de Gutiérrez Alea, así como del resto de los cineastas cubanos que estaban trabajando en el Instituto Cubano del Arte e Industria Cinematográficos (ICAIC) a partir de 1959, para buscar sus propias estrategias creativas con el fin de moldear una producción cinematográfica nacional. Sin embargo, cabe señalar que los cineastas cubanos no habrían encontrado la gramática necesaria para reescribir su cine revolucionario sin las colaboraciones y sobre todo sin la ruptura con Zavattini. Este nuevo lenguaje cinematográfico no habría podido existir sin las varias pausas y distancias que caracterizaron la relación cubana con el neorrealismo. En otras palabras, el intercambio fragmentado entre García Espinosa, Gutiérrez Alea y Zavattini creó nuevos espacios dentro de los cuales los cubanos pudieron encontrar oportunidades creativas para expresar su propia visión cinematográfica. Neorrealismo y cine en Cuba: Historia y discurso entorno a la primera polémica de la Revolución, 1951–1962 [Neorealism and Cinema in Cuba: History and Discourse on the First Polemic of the Revolution, 1951–1962] examines the aesthetic history and relations between Cuban film production and Italian Neorealism. The historical framework begins in 1951 before the triumph of the Cuban Revolution and ends in 1962, a year that marks a rupture between Cuban filmmakers and the Italian neorealist aesthetic. The main collaborations happened between Cuban directors Tomás Gutiérrez Alea and Julio García Espinosa and Italian neorealist filmmaker Cesare Zavattini. The circumstances that led to the end of the relationship between Zavattini and the Cuban filmmakers are connected to the film El joven rebelde [The Young Rebel], directed by García Espinosa and screened for the first time in 1961. The rupture centered on creative and ideological differences regarding the way in which the protagonist was to be portrayed in the movie. This seemingly minor disagreement had considerably larger repercussions, the end result of which was that García Espinosa and Gutiérrez Alea, as well as the rest of the Cuban filmmakers who worked within the Instituto Cubano del Arte e Industria Cinematográficos (ICAIC) after 1959, were driven to find their own creative strategies to craft a national film production. However, the Cuban filmmakers would not have found the necessary grammar to rewrite their own revolutionary cinema without the rupture with Zavattini. This new cinematographic language could not have existed without the various pauses and the distances that characterized the Cuban relationship with Neorealism. In other words, the fragmentary interchange between García Espinosa, Gutierrez Alea, and Zavattini created new spaces in which the Cubans could find creative opportunities to express their own cinematic vision.

Dieses Open-Access-Buch blickt auf die Hintergründe der Politik der Freizügigkeit in Europa und diskutiert die Folgen. Die europäische Integration veränderte die Migrationsverhältnisse erheblich: Zwischen den EU-Mitgliedstaaten wurden unter dem Begriff der „Freizügigkeit“ Grenzübertritte sowie Arbeit und Niederlassung von Staatsangehörigen anderer Mitgliedsländer weitgehend erleichtert, Binnengrenzen verloren also an Bedeutung. Zugleich gewann die Frage des Umgangs mit einer gemeinsamen Außengrenze und der Migration von „Drittstaatsangehörigen“ an Gewicht. Das essential erklärt, warum Migration von außerhalb Europas zunehmend als Problem von Sicherheitspolitik verstanden wurde und wieso diese die Maßnahmen zur Ausgestaltung einer gemeinsamen Außengrenze bis heute bestimmt.

This volume follows the International Festival Japan Contemporary Arts in Venice The Aesthetics of Emptiness, organised between 21 and 24 February 2022 by Benedetto Marcello Music Conservatory in Venice, the Department of Asian and North African Studies of Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, and Venice Academy of Fine Arts (institutions united in the Study in Venice project), with the generous support of the Japan Foundation. During the Festival, musical performances, concerts, workshops, meetings with Japanese artists, and conferences led participants to immerse themselves in Japanese arts and culture. The structure of the volume is designed to allow the reader to relive these experiences, also through multimedia content, and to explore some of the themes that emerged. The first section is dedicated to the events curated by Benedetto Marcello Music Conservatory and Venice Academy of Fine Arts, while the second brings together some of the contributions presented during the conference organised by the Department of Asian and North African Studies. The various essays revolve around the themes of sound, silence, emptiness, fullness, presence, and absence, and are dedicated to the memory of Bonaventura Ruperti.

Does the Nordic model of education still stand by its original principles and safeguard education for all? This Open Access volume is a carefully crafted collection of chapters that investigate the different aspects of equity, equality and diversity across the education systems in the Nordic countries. Based on data from various national and international large-scale assessments, the volume provides a better understanding of both the functions and foundations of the Nordic model, along with how the concepts mentioned above are enacted in practice. Across the chapters, data from different national and international large-scale assessment studies are used for cross- and single-country analyses on a variety of issues related to equity, equality and inequality in diverse educational settings. The investigations address different subject domains (i.e., mathematics, science, reading), age and grade groups, but also issues related to teachers and the schools themselves. In addition to these empirical chapters, the book addresses the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of the ideas and tools embedded in the phenomena of equity and equality and how they have met in the Nordic model of education.

This collection of papers is the fourth in a series of volumes on the work of the Comparative Austronesian Project. Each paper describes a specific Austronesian locality and offers an ethnographic account of the way in which social knowledge is vested, maintained and transformed in a particular landscape. The intention of the volume is to consider common patterns in the representation of place among Austronesian-speaking populations.

In keeping with the ten essays collected in the first part of the volume, this section proposes thirty Best Practices files, selected from the most recent and stimulating ones. These are real models of educational action thanks to which we can offer a first look of some of the many projects based on the relationship between school, university and territory. Models, therefore, in which Public History practices have found, or can find, fertile ground.

In der Dissertation wird ergründet, inwiefern Themen und Argumente der europäischen Bildungspolitik von der Erwachsenenbildungswissenschaft übernommen werden und so die Diskurse dieser Disziplin beeinflussen. Basis der Studie bildet eine Analyse von Dokumenten und Zeitschriftenartikeln aus über 20 Jahren mit Debatten zu den Themen Lebenslanges Lernen und Kompetenz. Hierbei untersucht die Autorin die wechselseitige Bezugnahme von Politik und Wissenschaft mithilfe der Lexikometrie. Diese quantitative Analysemethode ermöglicht es, Diskurse durch Auflösen von Textstrukturen erfass- und vergleichbar zu machen. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass die Erwachsenenbildungswissenschaft die bildungspolitischen Rahmungen ihrer Themen durchaus kritisch reflektiert und zudem eigene Konzepte diskutiert. Auch zeigen sie, dass mit der lexikometrischen Diskursanalyse das Repertoire der Forschungsmethoden in der Erwachsenenbildungswissenschaft erweitert wird.

The author presents an empirical study on Vietnam’s national competitiveness by using mixed methods research (qualitative and quantitative) with a combination of hard and soft data. The result shows that production resources (human, infrastructure, capital and natural resources) have played the most important role in improving competitiveness, productivity and living standard in Vietnam in the last two decades. The author also analyzed and evaluated the competitiveness of the Vietnamese economy, and pointed out the remaining weaknesses of competitiveness compared to the selected regional countries such as shortage of production resources supply, a dominance of inefficient state-owned enterprises and its slow reform, and weak public institutions as well as inefficient government governance. These weaknesses have led Vietnam’s competitiveness, productivity and economic growth to remain low, especially compared to China. Finally, the author attempts to provide some recommendations enhancing the competitiveness, productivity, and citizens’ living standard in Vietnam in the long term.

This open access book focuses on how scientific methodologies can help industrial managers, entrepreneurs and policymakers handle the 17 Sustainable Development Goals in an efficient and realistic way. It also offers an operative scheme for scientists to overcome their discipline barriers. Is interdisciplinarity an intrinsic research value or is it merely instrumental for handling the increasing flux of open problems that sustainability poses to science?Can these problems of sustainability be solved with what the authors already know? Is it just a matter of having the right people at the table and giving them sufficient resources, or is it something more? Is meeting the needs of the present without compromising those of future generations a scientific definition of sustainable development? Questions similar to those posed in the sixties regarding complexity must be asked about sustainability today. In addition, the new data science includes powerful tools for making novelquantitative predictions about future sustainability indicators, an open problem that the book discusses. This book is primarily addressed to Ph.D. students, postdocs and senior researchers in the Life and Hard Science (LHS) and Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) disciplines, as well as professionals of the primary, secondary and tertiary industrial sectors.

Ansāb al-Ašrāf is a genealogical encyclopedia of the Arab-Islamic state. This volume contains biographies of the later Umayyad (Marwānid) caliphs. Each biography of these deals with the policies of the concerned caliph and his governors, his children, and his internal and external relations, as well as with rebellious movements in his era.

Through the analysis of problematic cases, such as unauthorized use of works for advertising and commercialization via NFTs, the text explores the critical issues involved in creating a constitutional right to the image of cultural assets. It highlights the need to balance free access to images with the protection of cultural heritage, reflecting on the regulatory contradictions and the need for legislative evolution to ensure proper protection in an increasingly digitized context.

A new compact Specim IQ hyperspectral camera working in the 400-1000 nm range has been launched on the market. Its use in the investigation of different artworks and under diverse environmental conditions will be presented.