Humanities & Social Sciences

Laser powder bed fusion of metals by a laser beam (PBF-LB/M), due to its industrial applicability, represents a promising additive manufacturing technology for future production. The layerwise and selective melting of a powder layer enables an increased freedom in design. However, local process deviations can impede the mechanical properties. Therefore, applicable sensors are necessary for their detection and further industrial adoption of the process. This thesis reports on identified correlations of properties of spatter particles to the microscopic process behavior and process zone formation and their applicability within the industrial process environment. For this first, a dedicated particle tracking velocimetry method is developed to spatially and temporally resolve the trajectories of the individual particles. Statistical spatter measurements are correlated to process observations revealing their connection to evaporation-driven mechanisms of the process. The applicability for the quantification of process-relevant measures of the microscopic process zone as well as the robustness of the identified correlations against changing process environments are investigated. Based on this, the transferability of the results from the lab environment into an industrially applicable sensing approach is demonstrated, enabled by a dedicated data processing approach for the derivation of spatter properties in real-time. Aufgrund seiner industriellen Anwendbarkeit stellt das Laserstrahlschmelzen von Metallen im Pulverbett ein vielversprechendes Fertigungsverfahren für die Produktion der Zukunft dar. Das selektive und schichtweise Aufschmelzen einer Pulverschicht eröffnet im Vergleich zu konventionellen Verfahren eine größere Gestaltungsfreiheit. Lokale Prozessabweichungen können jedoch die Bauteileigenschaften beeinflussen und daher sind entsprechende Sensoren zur Erfassung dieser für einen breiteren industriellen Einsatz notwendig. In dieser Arbeit werden Korrelationen zwischen den Eigenschaften von Spritzerpartikeln zur mikroskopischen Ausformung der Prozesszone untersucht. Hierfür wird zunächst eine Methode zur Partikelverfolgung entwickelt, welche es erlaubt die Trajektorien der einzelnen Partikel zeitlich und räumlich aufzulösen. Die statistischen Eigenschaften der Partikel werden mit Prozessuntersuchungen abgeglichen, wodurch ihre Korrelation zu verdampfungsgetriebenen Mechanismen innerhalb der Prozesszone ersichtlich wird. Anschließend wird die Anwendbarkeit der Korrelationen zur Quantifizierung mikroskopischer Prozesszonenmerkmale untersucht, sowie der Einfluss sich ändernder Prozessbedingungen auf die identifizierten Beziehungen. Durch eine prototypische Umsetzung mittels Parallelisierung der Datenverarbeitung und der Spezifizierung auf Basis der Messergebnisse wird abschließend die Übertragbarkeit der Ergebnisse auf einen industriell einsetzbaren Sensoransatz demonstriert.

This book offers the first comprehensive exploration of Qur’an translations across the diverse landscapes of the former Eastern Bloc, from Uzbekistan to the German Democratic Republic. With a focus on how Islamic texts have been shaped by state policies, ideological shifts, and religious identities, it traces connections between these regions and the wider world, including Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and China. This volume draws on perspectives from both Sunni and Shia traditions, as well as contributions by non-Muslim scholars. Through archival research and close textual analysis, the contributors demonstrate how translations of the Qur’an have served not only as religious texts but also as reflections of profound transformations in national and religious identities in communist and post-communist societies. Qur’an translations have gained prominence within the modern Muslim publishing world, and their analysis reveals a dynamic interplay between local politics and global Islamic discourse. They have become symbols of religious resurgence, cultural renewal, and intellectual exchange—but also objects of persecution and contestation. Based on multilingual sources, this collection is an essential resource for understanding Qur’an translations as a significant scholarly and cultural phenomenon in the modern era.

Libraries on the Agenda shows how to engage in lobbying and advocating for libraries. The book analyzes political elements of power, policy making and human values. Political decision makers from local communities up to the international level need to be convinced, why libraries need their support. This title has an international approach to advocacy and shows many international examples. It presents tips and tools for successful advocating.

Mit den Fundamenta beginnt die Geschichte der Instrumentalmusik im deutschsprachigen Raum – zumindest insofern, als sie sich von da an anhand von Musikalien erzählen lässt. Bisher wurden Fundamenta ausschließlich als Lehrwerke der Orgelimprovisation im Bereich der Musiktheorie verortet. Die vorliegende Studie erweitert diesen Fokus und betrachtet die Fundamenta als kulturelle Artefakte unter zahlreichen neuen Perspektiven. Neben einer umfassenden kritischen Würdigung der bisherigen, überwiegend philologisch orientierten Forschung gehören dazu interdisziplinär anschlussfähige Theorien und Konzepte der ökologischen Anthropologie, der Kontextualisierung im Rahmen frühneuzeitlicher Sachliteratur, sowie aufführungspraktische und musikpädagogische Zugänge. Dabei erweist sich die Konzeption und Verwendung eines Fundamentums als ‚Lehrwerk‘, wie sie die bisherige Forschung meist annahm, als nur eine von mehreren plausiblen Möglichkeiten – neben dem Sammeln, Schreiben, Lehren und Üben.

Religion; Sociology; Blasphemy; Sacrilege; Offenses against religion

This essential collection of essays delves into the European Union's Internal Market, offering a thorough analysis inspired by the Council of the European Union's pivotal 2024 conclusions. The book outlines a strategic roadmap for the market’s future development, making it a critical resource for academic libraries. In three parts, the volume examines (I) Citizens’ Rights, highlighting the impact of EU regulations on individuals, (II) the challenges and opportunities posed by digital rights and Artificial Intelligence, crucial for the market's progression over the next decade, and (III) substantive rights, providing insights into legislative and policy measures vital for the market’s evolution. Ideal for researchers, policymakers, and students, this book is an invaluable resource for understanding and influencing the future of the EU’s economic landscape.

Bringing together two voices, practice and theory, in a collaboration that emerges from lived experience and structured reflection upon that experience, O’Mochain and Ueno show how entrenched discursive forces exert immense influence in Japanese society and how they might be most effectively challenged. With a psychosocial framework that draws insights from feminism, sociology, international studies, and political psychology, the authors pinpoint the motivations of the nativist right and reflect on the change of conditions that is necessary to end cultures of impunity for perpetrators of sexual abuse in Japan. Evaluating the value of the #MeToo model of activism, the authors offer insights that will encourage victims to come out of the shadows, pursue justice, and help transform Japan’s sense of identity both at home and abroad. Ueno, a female Japanese educator and O’Mochain, a non-Japanese male academic, examine the nature of sexual abuse problems both in educational contexts and in society at large through the use of surveys, interviews, and engagement with an eclectic range of academic literature. They identify the groups within society who offer the least support for women who pursue justice against perpetrators of sexual abuse. They also ask if far-right ideological extremists are fixated with proving that so called “comfort women” are higaisha-buru or “fake victims.” Japan would have much to gain on the international stage were it to fully acknowledge historical crimes of sexual violence, yet it continues to refuse to do so. O’Mochain and Ueno shed light on this puzzling refusal through recourse to the concepts of ‘international status anxiety’ and ‘male hysteria.’ An insightful read for scholars of Japanese society, especially those concerned about its treatment of women.

Universities around the world are under increasing pressure to maintain high levels of graduation and to make study processes as efficient as possible, with teachers and students struggling to meet the expectations placed upon them as a result. The Psychology of Study Success in Universities asks whether it is possible to meet these demands at the same time as protecting the well-being of students. Drawing on an extensive and detailed analysis of study success in universities in Finland, the authors of this thought-provoking work argue that universities should be more concerned with students’ satisfaction and place greater weight on students’ perceptions of the elements that enhance or hinder their success. The book provides a multi-dimensional picture of the student-related and teaching-related factors that promote study success. Giving voice to graduate students, including those enrolled on a PhD, the authors look at the resources that students have at their disposal in order to establish what inspires and motivates the students, what slows them down, and what kinds of experiences students have of successful studies. Määttä and Uusiautti present a wealth of high-quality research showing that good teaching and successful study processes can be secured by immediate and caring interaction, flexible and student-centred teaching and supervision, and interdisciplinary collaboration between teachers. The Psychology of Study Success in Universities is essential reading for academics, researchers and postgraduate students in the fields of education and psychology, as well as for those interested in positive psychology, student well-being and pedagogical studies.

At its core, the Civil War was a conflict over the meaning of citizenship. Most famously, it became a struggle over whether or not to grant rights to a group that stood outside the pale of civil-society: African Americans. But other groups--namely Jews, Germans, the Irish, and Native Americans--also became part of this struggle to exercise rights stripped from them by legislation, court rulings, and the prejudices that defined the age. Grounded in extensive research by experts in their respective fields, Civil War Citizens is the first volume to collectively analyze the wartime experiences of those who lived outside the dominant white, Anglo-Saxon Protestant citizenry of nineteenth-century America. The essays examine the momentous decisions made by these communities in the face of war, their desire for full citizenship, the complex loyalties that shaped their actions, and the inspiring and heartbreaking results of their choices-- choices that still echo through the United States today. Contributors: Stephen D. Engle, William McKee Evans, David T. Gleeson, Andrea Mehrländer, Joseph P. Reidy, Robert N. Rosen, and Susannah J. Ural.

This book contains the main results achieved by the Ca’ Foscari University Venice research group in the context of the Uni4justice Project financed by the Ministry of Justice, in which several universities of the North-East of Italy have participated, as well as all the Courts. The overall objective of the project was to support and implement, through research actions and training, the innovation introduced with the establishment of a new working unit in the Italian Judicial Offices. A broader reflection about Italian justice, useful to direct future policies, was a secondary aim of this project. This is motivated by the fact that the judicial system is being reformed in the context of the NPRR, where the main focus is on the reduction of the disposition time and the backlog.

At the intersection of machines, living organisms, and environments, a rich field of inquiry unfolds through artistic research. Bringing together perspectives from contemporary art, biology, and cybernetics, the contributors approach life not as a fixed entity but as a dynamic network of relations among human, non-human, and technological actors. Through essays, artistic projects, and theoretical reflections, the volume proposes new ways of understanding agency, interaction, and hybrid systems – offering readers across disciplines a conceptual framework for experiencing life beyond machines and humans.

The book collects the proceedings of the conference held in December 2024 with the initial results of the PRIN 2022 PNRR NeaVia research project, dedicated to the study of Neapolitan villas in the modern age (15th–18th centuries). The project, the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration between University of Campania Vanvitelli and University of Naples Suor Orsola Benincasa, aims to redefine the role of the Neapolitan villa in national historiography through a comprehensive survey that included, together with existing episodes, those attested only by sources (literary, archival, and iconographic sources), then using GIS (Geographic Information System) to reconnect them to physical locations in the city. The initial results, discussed here after a year of work, paint a rich and detailed picture that highlights the complexity of the research and the value of the architectural and landscape heritage of historic Neapolitan villas.

This open access book examines data governance and its implications for policymaking in Africa. Bringing together economists, lawyers, statisticians, and technology experts, it assesses gaps in both the availability and use of existing data across the continent, and argues that data creation, management and governance need to improve if private and public sectors are to reap the benefits of big data and digital technologies. It also considers lessons from across the globe to assess principles, norms and practices that can guide the development of data governance in Africa. The book will appeal to scholars and students of data governance, technology and public policy, as well as practitioners and policy makers.

Whether reburied, concealed, stored, abandoned or publicly displayed, human remains raise a vast number of questions regarding social, legal and ethical uses by communities, public institutions and civil society organisations. This book presents a ground-breaking account of the treatment and commemoration of dead bodies resulting from incidents of genocide and mass violence. Through a range of international case studies across multiple continents, it explores the effect of dead bodies or body parts on various political, cultural and religious practices. Multidisciplinary in scope, it will appeal to readers interested in this crucial phase of post-conflict reconciliation, including students and researchers of history, anthropology, sociology, archaeology, law, politics and modern warfare.

What is it like to be a young Muslim man in post-7/7 Britain, and what impact do wider political factors have on the multifaceted identities of young Muslim men? Drawn from the author’s ethnographic research of British-born Muslim men in the English town of Luton, Being Young, Male and Muslim in Luton explores the everyday lives of the young men and, in particular, how their identity as Muslims has shaped the way they interact with each other, the local community and the wider world. Through a study of religious values, the pressures of masculinity, the complexities of family and social life, and attitudes towards work and leisure, Ashraf Hoque argues that young Muslims in Luton are subverting what it means to be ‘British’ through consciously prioritising and re-articulating self-confessed ‘Muslim identities’ in novel and dynamic ways that suit their experiences as a post-colonial diaspora. Employing extensive participant observation and rich interview content, Hoque paints a detailed picture of young Muslims living in a town consistently associated in the popular media with terrorist activity and as a hotbed for radicalisation. He challenges widely held assumptions about cultural segregation, gender relations and personal liberty in Muslim communities, and gives voice to an emerging generation of Muslims who view Britain as their home and are very much invested in the long-term future of the country and their permanent place within it. This short and accessible book will be of interest to students seeking grounding in Islam and Muslim communities in diaspora, and scholars from an array of social science and humanities backgrounds including Anthropology, Sociology of Religion, Political Science, Urban Studies and Cultural Studies.