Humanities & Social Sciences

Plasma Assisted Combustion and Chemical Processing provides an introduction to the opportunities of plasma-assisted combustion and chemical processing for green energy conversion using renewable electricity. Covering the fundamentals of combustion and plasma physics and chemistry, it details the mechanisms and technologies of plasma-enhanced combustion, chemical process, materials manufacturing and recycling, and pollutant control. Addressing future challenges and opportunities of plasma-assisted combustion and electrified green manufacturing, this book covers the state-of-art methods of modeling and diagnostic tools to optimize the process design. This book offers graduate students and researchers a comprehensive review of the fundamentals and research frontier in this emergent field.

The field of children’s rights studies is well established and largely dominated by a top-down approach that considers these rights as objective standards requiring implementation in practice or policy. This book argues for a critical perspective which views the area as contested terrain with conflicting normative foundations and traditions. The collection brings together established and rising scholars whose work has been central to not only challenging mainstream children’s rights discourses but also provides alternative pathways to conceptualizing children’s rights. It moves beyond critiques of these dominant discourses and sets out the emerging paradigm of Critical Children’s Rights Studies drawing on contexts in both the Global North and Global South. It proposes new pathways and subjects these to scrutiny, illuminating the importance of contextual situatedness and acknowledging the need to consider researchers’ own positionality when outlining their stance on children’s rights. Containing both empirical and theoretical scholarship, the book will be an essential resource for students, academics, researchers and policy-makers working in the multidisciplinary areas of childhood studies, children’s rights studies and international human rights.

Kamera-Ethnographie ist ein filmischer Ansatz zur Gestaltung der Wahrnehmungs- und Wissensprozesse beim ethnographischen Forschen. Dabei wird im Unterschied zur Logik der Aufzeichnung angenommen, dass Forschungsgegenstände zunächst noch gar nicht sichtbar sind. Kameraführung, Schnitt und Montage tragen als experimentelle Praktiken zur Beobachtbarkeit und Sichtbarkeit epistemischer Dinge bei. Bina Elisabeth Mohns repräsentationskritische Programmschrift zeigt, wie die Methode der Kamera-Ethnographie auch nonverbale Praktiken in ihren Choreographien und bildhaften Figuren in den Blick rückt. Eine situierte Methodologie und reflexive Pragmatik leiten zum positionierten Hinschauen und Sehenlernen an und binden selbst das Publikum in eine forschende Rezeption ein.

Erregung gilt in der Film- und Medienwissenschaft als audiovisuelles Phänomen, welches spiegelgleich jenen Zustand in den Betrachter_innen hervorrufen soll, den es darstellt. Die zentrale Vorannahme des vorliegenden Buchs lautet jedoch, dass Erregung erzählt werden muss: Die Autorin fasst „Erregung“ als Affekt, der als Bestandteil der Erzählung auf die Empathie der Zuschauer_innen wirkt, und von der Erzählperspektivierung spezifisch hervorgebracht wird. Braidt zeigt an einem weiten Spektrum von Fallbeispielen – von Serien wie The Sopranos und Mad Men zu künstlerisch-innovativen Filmen von Katrina Daschner, Ashley Hans Scheirl und Anna Jermolaeva, hin zu medial-performativen Arbeiten von Jakob Lena Knebl oder Belinda Kazeem-Kaminski – wie dieser performative Prozess der Erzählung geschlechterkonstitutiv wird.

It is a well-known fact that the Haitian education system is marked by school segregation as a corollary of social segregation (Joint, 2008; Tardieu 2017; Abraham, 2019). This system of educational apartheid maintains the structural exclusion of disadvantaged and vulnerable children from quality education. In other words, it maintains the learning gap between children from urban and rural areas; between learners from upscale neighborhoods and those from slums; between those of 'well-educated' parents and those of uneducated and impoverished parents. But what about children with disabilities? What kind of reception or educational relationship is provided in the education system for children with physical disabilities or learning disabilities? The results of this research mainly revolve around four key notions, namely: social representations, the social model of disability, pedagogical relations and cognitive justice. They highlight the weight of the social representations of people with disabilities on the forms of educational relationships built and practiced at school. While expectations are high in terms of human resources and adapted teaching materials, this study reveals that all public education policies guided by the principles of inclusion and cognitive justice must act upstream on the underlying thought patterns. These constitute deep obstacles to the intellectual and social emancipation of children with disabilities.

Bulldaggers, Pansies, and Chocolate Babies shines the spotlight on historically neglected plays and performances that challenged early twentieth-century notions of the stratification of race, gender, class, and sexual orientation. On Broadway stages, in Harlem nightclubs and dance halls, and within private homes sponsoring rent parties, African American performers of the 1920s and early 1930s teased the limits of white middle-class morality. Blues-singing lesbians, popularly known as "bulldaggers," performed bawdy songs; cross-dressing men vied for the top prizes in lavish drag balls; and black and white women flaunted their sexuality in scandalous melodramas and musical revues. Race leaders, preachers, and theater critics spoke out against these performances that threatened to undermine social and political progress, but to no avail: mainstream audiences could not get enough of the riotous entertainment.

This book is about how urban linguistic landscapes reflect and create sociolinguistic, societal and urban dynamics, and how these relations can be scientifically explored. Focusing on the linguistic landscapes of selected cities in northern and southern Europe, it sheds light on how urban areas with diverse profiles differ, and how the linguistic landscapes change through tourism and migration, or in times of crisis. The chapters put forward sophisticated and novel ways of approaching urban sociolinguistics and they enhance understanding of the challenges and opportunities included in the study of sociolinguistic variation in these linguistic landscapes. The book is targeted at scholars in the field of urban sociolinguistics and those wishing to approach the subject through the lens of linguistic landscapes. It also gives interesting suggestions to people involved in language planning and policy reflection, as well as those engaged in urban redevelopment planning. Last but not least, it offers theoretical and methodological guidance to students and researchers in a variety of disciplines.

Models and theories are of central importance in science, and scientists spend substantial amounts of time building, testing, comparing and revising models and theories. It is therefore not surprising that the nature of scientific models and theories has been a widely debated topic within the philosophy of science for many years. The product of two decades of research, this book provides an accessible yet critical introduction to the debates about models and theories within analytical philosophy of science since the 1920s. Roman Frigg surveys and discusses key topics and questions, including: What are theories? What are models? And how do models and theories relate to each other? The linguistic view of theories (also known as the syntactic view of theories), covering different articulations of the view, its use of models, the theory-observation divide and the theory-ladenness of observation, and the meaning of theoretical terms. The model-theoretical view of theories (also known as the semantic view of theories), covering its analysis of the model-world relationship, the internal structure of a theory, and the ontology of models. Scientific representation, discussing analogy, idealisation and different accounts of representation. Modelling in scientific practice, examining how models relate to theories and what models are, classifying different kinds of models, and investigating how robustness analysis, perspectivism, and approaches committed to uncertainty-management deal with multi-model situations. Models and Theories is the first comprehensive book-length treatment of the topic, making it essential reading for advanced undergraduates, researchers, and professional philosophers working in philosophy of science and philosophy of technology. It will also be of interest to philosophically minded readers working in physics, computer sciences and STEM fields more broadly.

Itinerant Spectator/Itinerant Spectacle moves across the landscape of European performance in late 20th and early 21st centuries, recounting performance in circulation across national borders and across the itinerant bodies of spectators who travel to meet performances that travel. Itinerant Spectator/Itinerant Spectacle suggests spectating is a practice — an act of interpretation engaged in more than simply receiving the affects of a performance, a companion practice to the making of performance. The work forms a part of Skantze’s ongoing explorations of what she terms the ‘epistemology of practice as research.’ IS/IS theorizes spectating as a practice that extends beyond the theatre, as a practice of writing as recollecting (and recollecting as writing) at the center of what has been called “criticism.” The book grounds spectatorship in the subjective, embodied, differenced practice of spectating not from a fixed location or standpoint but from a ground that constantly shifts, that is, from the ground of the roving positionalities of the “itinerate spectator.” Following Walter Benjamin, for example, Skantze importantly adopts the privileges of the flaneur as a feminist and rather queer project, one that refuses to be tied to the minor position, to that of the impossible “flaneuse.”

Academic Writing in a Global Context addresses the issue of the pressure on academics worldwide to produce their work in English in scholarly publishing, and why the growth of the use of academic English matters. Drawing on an eight year ‘text-ethnographic’ study of the experiences of fifty scholars working in Europe, this book discusses these questions at both a macro and micro level – through discussions of knowledge evaluation systems on all levels, and analysis of the progress of a text towards publication. In addition to this, case studies of individual scholars in their local institutions and countries are used to illustrate experiences of using English in the academic world. Academic Writing in a Global Context examines the impact of the growing dominance of English on academic writing for publication globally. The authors explore the ways in which the global status attributed to English is impacting on the lives and practices of multilingual scholars working in contexts where English is not the official language of communication and throws into relief the politics surrounding academic publishing. This book will be of interest to postgraduates and professionals in the fields of World Englishes, language and globalization and English Language Teaching. Chapter 6 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial (CC BY-NC) 4.0 license.

artificial intelligence; big data; cloud computing; communication; computer architecture; computer science; computer systems; data management; databases; hardware; High-Performance Computing (HPC); information management; map-reduce; processors; programming languages; semantics; wireless telecommunication systems

Women Who Stay Behind examines the social, educational, and cultural resources rural Mexican women employ to creatively survive the conditions created by the migration of loved ones. Using narrative, research, and theory, Ruth Trinidad Galván presents a hopeful picture of what is traditionally viewed as the abject circumstances of poor and working-class people in Mexico who are forced to migrate to survive.

The studies included in this volume analyze the legal and social history of Europe and North America by the end of the eighteenth century to the contemporary age. The study investigates the relationship between culture and legal status (science, law and government), the administration of justice and the transformation of the legal professions. That lights up the separation, in the whole complex of Western legal tradition, that identifies the countries of the common law.

A new interpretation of the Jesuit mission to New France is here proposed by using, for comparison and contrast, the earlier Jesuit experience in Japan. In order to present revisionist perspectives of the Jesuit missions based on a broader international framework beyond North America, the existing historical paradigms of the Jesuit missionary activity to Amerindians based on the limited regional history of New France are re-examined. Readership: those interested in New France history, in missionary history, in global communication, or in intercultural communication

Wisdom, Attachment, and Love in Trauma Therapy focuses on the creation of the therapist as healing presence rather than technique administrator—in other words, how to be rather than what to do. Trauma survivors need wise therapists who practice with the union of intellect, knowledge, and intuition. Through self-work, therapists can learn to embody healing qualities that foster an appropriate, corrective, and loving experience in treatment that transcends any technique. This book shows how Eastern wisdom teachings and Western psychotherapeutic modalities combine with modern theory to support a knowledgeable, compassionate, and wise therapist who is equipped to help even the most traumatized person heal. Chapters: Chapters 2 and 3 of this book are freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.