Humanities & Social Sciences

Everyday Silence and the Holocaust examines Irene Levin’s experiences of her family’s unspoken history of the Holocaust and the silence that surrounded their war experiences as non-topics. A central example of what C. Wright Mills considered the core of sociology – the intersection of biography and history – the book covers the process by which the author came to understand that notes found in her mother’s apartment following her death were not unimportant scribbles, but in fact contained elements of her mother’s biographical narrative, recording her parents’ escape from occupied Norway to unoccupied Sweden in late 1942. From the mid-1990s, when society began to open up about the atrocities committed against the Jews, so too did the author find that her mother and the wider Jewish population ceased to be silent about their war experiences and began to talk. Charting the process by which the author traced the family’s broader history, this book explores the use of silence, whether in the family or in society more widely, as a powerful analytic tool and examines how these silences can intertwine. This book provides insight into social processes often viewed through a macro-historical lens by way of analysis of the life of an "ordinary" Jewish woman as a survivor. An engaging, grounded study of the biographical method in sociology and the role played by silence, this book will appeal to readers with an interest in the Holocaust and World War II, as well as in social scientific research methods. It will be of use to both undergraduate and postgraduate scholars in the fields of history, social science, psychology, philosophy, and the history of ideas. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Criminology has until recently neglected the nature and levels of crime outside the urban realm. This is not a surprise as crime tends to concentrate in urban areas and the police directs resources where the problems are. Yet, there are many reasons why scholars, decision-makers and society as a whole should care about crime and safety in rural areas. This book highlights 20 reasons why crime and safety in rural areas is a topic of relevance. We attempt to untangle currently simplistic views of the rural by discussing a number of facets of the countryside as both safe and criminogenic, and more importantly, a hybrid place worth to be examined in its own right. We adopt the notion of a rural-urban continuum that captures the nuances of places of varied nature, spanning from remote and desolate spaces to accessible and connected environments of the urban fringe. Areas on the rural-urban continuum may be in constant transformation given local and global influences, which imposes challenges for policing and long-term social sustainability. Then, the book critically reviews a rich body of English-language literature in rural criminology that extends over more than four decades—a scholarship that has engaged researchers and practitioners in all continents. The books finishes with a discussion of the emergent research questions of the field, and offers implications for practice and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.

Why do certain parts of the state in Africa work so effectively despite operating in difficult governance contexts? How do 'pockets of bureaucratic effectiveness' emerge and become sustained over time? And what does this tell us about the prospects for state-building and development in Africa? Repeated economic and social crises have demanded that development thinkers and policy actors have had to engage with the critical role that states play in delivering development. Pockets of Effectiveness and the Politics of State-building and Development in Africa shows that politics is the driving factor that shapes how well state agencies perform their roles. It deploys a new conceptual framework – the power domains approach – to explore the shifting fortunes of key state agencies in five countries – Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zambia – over the past three decades. Our original research reveals when, how and why political rulers decide to build effective state agencies and enable them to deliver certain forms of economic development – often through forming strategic coalitions with senior bureaucrats and with international support – and also when this support falters and gives way to a politics of survival. Comparative analysis identifies two potential trajectories towards state-building in Africa, each shaped by different configurations of social and political power. The book critiques the role that international development agencies have played in (mis)shaping the state in Africa and suggests a new strategic agenda for building the state capacities required to deliver sustained development at the current juncture. The book closes with critical commentaries from two leading scholars in the field, to help place our work in context and establish the next steps for research and strategy in this increasingly important area of development theory and practice.

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence This book examines what happens when states and other authorities use detention to abuse their power, deter dissent and maintain social hierarchies. Written by an author with decades of practical experience in the human rights field, the book examines a variety of scenarios where individuals are unlawfully detained in violation of their most basic rights to personal liberty and exposes the many fallacies associated with arbitrary detention. Proposing solutions for future policy to scrutinise processes, this is a call for greater respect for the rule of law and human rights.

This is an account of the excavations of the Stanwick fortifications in North Yorkshire, England, undertaken in 1951–2. Included are descriptions of human remains and artefacts such as pottery, weaponry and metalwork, together with an account of the methodology used to unearth these.

This paper describes an approach utilizing Generative AI to support diverse design alternatives for building facades based on the local identity. Extensive research is currently being conducted for exploring the applications of LLM-based generative AI models to diverse kinds of visualizations. By applying generative AI to facade design, the study aims to develop additional training models that generate alternative design options reflecting local identity, facilitating the acquisition of remodel design images from multiple texts and images. Building facades in cities and regions are essential for people's aesthetic perception and understanding of the local environment, enabling the recognition and differentiation of specific areas from others. Therefore, implementation method of the additional training model based on generative AI in this study, reflecting this, can be summarized as follows: 1) collection and pre-processing of image data using Street View, 2) pairing text data with image data, 3) conducting additional training and testing with various inputs, 4) proposing relevant application methods. This approach can be expected to enable efficient communication of design at an early stage of the architectural design process beyond traditional 3D modeling and rendering tools

Elementare Ekstasen überschwemmen, erodieren und evaporieren die wohlsortierten Grenzziehungen zwischen Technik, Umwelt und Mensch. Als Neuverortung im Spannungsfeld medienökologischer, neomaterialistischer und technikfeministischer Theoriebildung werden hier all jene Widerständigkeiten und Un/Verfügbarkeiten sondiert, die von techno-kapitalistisch protegierten Operationen nicht zu tilgen sind. Was hieße es, die planetarische Implikation der Technosphäre aus Mikroperspektiven zu denken, mit ihren Überlappungen, Leerstellen, Fragmentierungen, Akkumulationen des Technischen zu schreiben? Entlang ihrer materiellen Prozessualität werden elementare Medien wie Regen, Minerale, Staub und Schaum zur Gegenwartsdiagnose. Angesichts der umfassenden Ökologisierungstendenzen und ihrer experimentellen Verarbeitung in Medienkunst und Interfacedesign verdichtet sich ein kritisches Begriffsinventar, das die makrologische Karriere des Technischen anders denkt.

To engage critically in a process of decolonisation is complex in a post-colonial, globalised world in which migration, knowledge exchange, hybridity and fusion are commonplace. What is it to look openly to other cultures for inspiration and guidance while also holding anti-racist decolonising attitudes? How can contact improvisation, for example, be decolonised? How are its foundations in post-modern dance, Buddhism and martial arts made sense of in current contemporary discourses of decolonisation? What is interesting about the development of contact improvisation is that despite its roots in the inclusive politics of the 1970s American counter-culture, the form is acknowledged as predominantly white and yet it draws heavily upon aikido, and in the approaches developed by Nancy Stark Smith, Tibetan Buddhism. Recent thinking and research invite deeper examination of what it might mean to decolonise contact improvisation as a practice for the 21st century curriculum. This chapter discusses the decolonisation of the teaching of contact improvisation in the university. When oppressions and obstacles are institutionally and systemically inherent, as with racism, it is not only ethically agile to develop teaching and learning dialogues that deconstruct such oppressions but ethically necessary.

The 43rd UID conference, held in Genova, takes up the theme of ‘Dialogues’ as practice and debate on many fundamental topics in our social life, especially in these complex and not yet resolved times. The city of Genova offers the opportunity to ponder on the value of comparison and on the possibilities for the community, naturally focused on the aspects that concern us, as professors, researchers, disseminators of knowledge, or on all the possibile meanings of the discipline of representation and its dialogue with ‘others’, which we have broadly catalogued in three macro areas: History, Semiotics, Science / Technology. Therefore, “dialogue” as a profitable exchange based on a common language, without which it is impossible to comprehend and understand one another; and the graphic sign that connotes the conference is the precise transcription of this concept: the title ‘translated’ into signs, derived from the visual alphabet designed for the visual identity of the UID since 2017. There are many topics which refer to three macro sessions: - Witnessing (signs and history) - Communicating (signs and semiotics) - Experimenting (signs and sciences) Thanks to the different points of view, an exceptional resource of our disciplinary area, we want to try to outline the prevailing theoretical-operational synergies, the collaborative lines of an instrumental nature, the recent updates of the repertoires of images that attest and nourish the relations among representation, history, semiotics, sciences.

Einige afrikanische Staaten haben die Handlungsbefugnisse, Finanzierung und die Meinungsäußerung von NGOs eingeschränkt. Viele haben ihre Besorgnis darüber geäußert, dass die Eckpfeiler einer freien Zivilgesellschaft - das Recht auf Versammlungs- und Redefreiheit - angegriffen werden. Ein bislang eher weniger untersuchtes Problem ist jedoch, ob solche restriktiven Maßnahmen auch die sozialen Rechte der Begünstigten von NGOs gefährden könnten. Der UN-Sozialpakt verpflichtet die Staaten, Schritt für Schritt auf eine vollständige Verwirklichung der sozialen Rechte zuzugehen. Wie sollten also die Verpflichtungen eines Staates in Bezug auf soziale Rechte verstanden werden, wenn NGOs ins Spiel kommen? Wie könnten sich diese Verpflichtungen auf die Freiheit eines Staates auswirken, NGOs zu regulieren?Dieses Buch bietet eine systematische Untersuchung wie die sozialrechtlichen Verpflichtungen von Staaten gegenüber den Begünstigten unser Verständnis der Regulierungsbeziehungen zwischen Staaten und NGOs neu definieren und weiterentwickeln können.

This book defends a relational theory of the passage of time. The realist view of passage developed in this book differs from the robust, substantivalist position. According to relationism, passage is nothing over and above the succession of events, one thing coming after another. Causally related events are temporally arranged as they happen one after another along observers’ worldlines. There is no unique global passage but a multiplicity of local passages of time. After setting out this positive argument for relationism, the author deals with five common objections to it: (a) triviality of deflationary passage, (b) a-directionality of passage, (c) the impossibility of experiencing passage, (d) fictionalism about passage, and (e) the incompatibility of passage with perduring objects. Relational Passage of Time will appeal to scholars and advanced students working in philosophy of time, metaphysics, and philosophy of physics.

A rendszeresen megjelenő kutatási beszámoló a serdülőkorú magyar népesség életmódjáról, egészséggel kapcsolatos szokásairól, egészségi állapotáról és az ezeket meghatározó háttértényezőkről ad információt. A kutatás az Iskoláskorú Gyermekek Egészségmagatartása (HBSC) című nemzetközi együttműködésben megvalósuló, országosan reprezentatív adatgyűjtés, melyet 2022-ben tízedik alkalommal szerveztünk meg a 11-18 éves hazai iskolások körében. A mentális egészség területei kiemelt hangsúlyt kaptak jelen vizsgálatban, emellett az egészséget támogató és veszélyeztető magatartásformák életkori és nemi különbségeit, valamint az ezredforduló óta tapasztalt változásait mutatja be és elemzi részletesen a tanulmány. Mindezek mellett a kötet segít eligazodni abban is, hogy milyen hangsúlyok lennének szükségesek az elkövetkező időszak egészségfejlesztési teendőiben, melyek azok a területek, ahová több energiát kellene fektetnünk, és milyen területekre támaszkodhatunk, melyek a jól alakuló tendenciák.

Die Hexenverfolgung des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts wurde bereits ausführlich von der Geschichtswissenschaft erforscht. Dabei wurde primär der Fokus auf die deutschen Hexenjagden gelegt. Die vorliegende Studie wirft einen Blick auf die englische Hexenverfolgung und zieht den Vergleich zu den deutschen Hexenpaniken. Nach Klärung der Terminologie und der Frage nach dem Ursprung des englischen und deutschen Hexenglaubens werden die Unterschiede in der Rechtsprechung im Alten Reich und in England analysiert und es wird die Frage gestellt, inwieweit die Gesetzeslage zur erhöhten Opferzahl im Alten Reich beigetragen hat. Am Beispiel von Ellwangen, der englischen Hopkins-Prozesse und der Kurpfalz wird gezeigt, dass verfolgungsreiche und verfolgungsarme Hexenjagden in beiden Ländern im Bereich des Möglichen lagen, wenn bestimmte Voraussetzungen erfüllt waren. Ferner werden die Unterschiede zwischen dem deutschen und englischen Hexenglauben herausgearbeitet. Die Studie zieht als Quelle neben zahlreichen frühneuzeitlichen Flugschriften auch Verhörprotokolle und verschiedene Gesetzestexte heran.

Genre in Archaic and Classical Greek Poetry brings together a range of innovative approaches to the question of genre, what it means, and how to think about it for Greek poetry from the eighth to the fourth centuries BCE. Readership: Students and scholars across the Humanities who are concerned with questions of genre and the history of lyric, and anyone interested in ancient Greek poetry.

The article reviews personal and professional experiences related to Magnaghi, from university workshops to the common reflection on mountains and eco-museums, highlighting correspondences and consonances of vision and action.