Humanities & Social Sciences

Many states recognize a legal right to bodily integrity, understood as a right against significant, nonconsensual interference with one’s body. Recently, some have called for the recognition of an analogous legal right to mental integrity: a right against significant, nonconsensual interference with one’s mind. In this chapter, we describe and distinguish three different rationales for recognizing such a right. The first appeals to case-based intuitions to establish a distinctive duty not to interfere with others’ minds; the second holds that, if we accept a legal right to bodily integrity, then we must, on pain of philosophical inconsistency, accept a case for an analogous right over the mind; and the third holds that recent technological developments create a need for a legal right to mental integrity.

The persistence of racial inequality in a democratic society may be the gravest problem confronting the United States. It has surely been the most intractable. Yet the torrent of scholarship and comment unleashed in recent years by the question of race provides a general reader with little overall understanding of the solutions attempted and the resulting outcomes. These essays by ten leading scholars offer the most compact comprehensive appraisal we have of how the modern civil rights movement arose, what changes it brought about in relationships between blacks and whites, and how it led to affirmative action, to multiculturalism, and eventually to the present stalemate and discontent. Contributors are Christopher Beem, Lawrence Bobo, Erwin Chemerinsky, Gerald Early, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Lawrence H. Fuchs, Nathan Glazer, John Higham, Douglas S. Massey, and Diane Ravitch.

Statistically, women appear to suffer more frequently from depressive and anxiety disorders, featuring more regularly in primary care figures for consultations, diagnoses and prescriptions for psychotropic medication. This has been consistently so throughout the post-war period with current figures suggesting that women are approximately twice more likely to suffer from affective disorders than men. However, this book suggests that the statistical landscape reveals only part of the story. Currently, 75 per cent of suicides are among men, and this trend can also be traced back historically to data that suggests this has been the case since the beginning of the twentieth-century. This book suggests that male psychological illness was in fact no less common, but that it emerged in complex ways and was understood differently in response to prevailing cultural and medical forces. The book explores a host of medical, cultural and social factors that raise important questions about historical and current perceptions of gender and mental illness.

The open access book set LNCS 15696, 15697 and 15698 constitutes the proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2025, which was held as part of the International Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2025, during May 3-8, 2025, in Hamilton, Canada. The 46 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 148 submissions. The proceedings also include 14 papers from the Software Verification competition which was held as part of TACAS. The papers were organized in topical sections as follows: Part I: Program analysis, ATP and rewriting; model checking; LTL; verification; Part II: SAT and SMT solving; proofs and certificates; synthesis; equivalence checking; games; Part III: Verification; quantum and GPU; 14th Competition on Software Verification, SV-COMP 2025.

Somalis in the Twin Cities and Columbus seeks to understand the integration outcomes of refugees in the Midwest at local and state levels to show how communities struggle with political, social, and economic incorporation. While many immigration titles examine the Latino community, this book focuses on the black Muslim Somalis, providing an important understanding of the lives of this understudied and misunderstood group--before and after their arrival to the U.S. It is a timely look at the American policies that help and hinder immigrants settling in the U.S.

By the early ninth century, the responsibility for a series of social, religious and political transformations had become an integral part of running the Carolingian empire. This became especially clear when, in 813/4, Louis the Pious and his court seized the momentum generated by their predecessors and broadened the scope of these reforms ever further. These reformers knew they represented a movement greater than the sum of its parts; the interdependence between those wielding imperial authority and those bearing responsibility for ecclesiastical reforms was driven by comprehensive, yet still surprisingly diverse expectations.Taking this diversity as a starting point, this book takes a fresh look at the optimistic first decades of the ninth century. Extrapolating from a series of detailed case studies rather than presenting a new grand narrative, it offers new interpretations of contemporary theories of personal improvement and institutional correctio, and shows the self-awareness of its main instigators as they pondered what it meant to be a good Christian in a good Christian empire.

Digital technologies have reshaped the boundaries of criminal justice and border control. The merger of these fields has resulted in technologically mediated practices of ‘crimmigration control’ on a global level. This book examines the role of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and its Migration Information and Data Analysis System (MIDAS) in shaping these digital crimmigration control practices. Drawing on interdisciplinary scholarship to develop a novel theoretical framework for understanding the political effects of MIDAS, this book analyses empirical data gathered through elite interviews, document analysis, and non-participant field observations in Abuja, Nigeria. This book reveals how the deployment of MIDAS was underpinned by political and epistemic postcolonial hierarchies between Global North states, the IOM, and Nigerian federal authorities, and how the system contributed to the emergence and expansion of crimmigration control in Nigeria. The deployment of MIDAS was decisively shaped by the agency of Nigerian federal officials. These officials utilized MIDAS in performances of ‘biometric statehood’ to affirm their political authority domestically vis-à-vis competing political actors and constitute the Nigerian state as a legitimate actor within the international system of sovereign states. The IOM, in turn, engaged in ‘pedagogical performances’ to enact its technical expertise and supposed political neutrality while reshaping the legal, operational, and technical nature of border management in Nigeria. In addition to the political goals of the system’s human developers and users, the technical components of MIDAS itself constituted migration as a governable ‘problem’ amenable to techno-solutionist crimmigration control interventions. The analysis in this book contributes to the Southernization and decolonization of criminology, as well as the development of more just and equitable digital futures at the border.

When auralizing moving sound sources in Virtual Reality (VR) environments, the two main input parameters are the location and radiated signal of the source. An array measurement-based model is developed to characterize moving sound sources regarding the two parameters in this thesis. This model utilizes beamforming, i.e. delay and sum beamforming (DSB) and compressive beamforming (CB) to obtain the locations and signals of moving sound sources. A spiral and a pseudorandom microphone array are designed for DSB and CB, respectively, to yield good localization ability and meet the requirement of CB. The de-Dopplerization technique is incorporated in the time-domain DSB to address moving source problems. Time-domain transfer functions (TDTFs) are calculated in terms of the spatial locations within the steering window of the moving source. TDTFs then form the sensing matrix of CB, thus allowing CB to solve moving source problem. DSB and CB are further extended to localize moving sound sources, and the reconstructed signals from the beamforming outputs are investigated to obtain the source signals. Moreover, localization and signal reconstruction are evaluated through varying parameters in the beamforming procedures, i.e. steering position, steering window length and source speed for a moving periodic signal using DSB, and regularization parameter, signal to noise ratio (SNR), steering window length, source speed, array to source motion trajectory and mismatch for a moving engine signal using CB. The parameter studies show guidelines of parameter selection based on the given situations in this thesis for modeling moving source using beamforming. Both algorithms are able to reconstruct the moving signals in the given scenarios. Although CB outperforms DSB in terms of signal reconstruction under particular conditions, the localization abilities of the two algorithms are quite similar. The practicability of the model has been applied on pass-by measurements of a moving loudspeaker using the designed arrays, and the results can match the conclusions drawn above from simulations. Finally, a framework on how to apply the model for moving source auralization is proposed.

Metals technology / metallurgy

Im Fokus dieses Sammelbandes stehen die Auseinandersetzungen mit der Sorgekrise in ihren Verflechtungen mit der sozialen und ökologischen Krise sowie Ansätze zu ihrer Bewältigung. Den Ausgangspunkt bilden dabei die Möglichkeiten, Caring Societies zu gestalten und zu etablieren. Sie werden getragen durch eine wechselseitige Sorge(verantwortung) in einem aufeinander bezogenen Zusammenspiel verschiedenster Ebenen und Akteur*innen. Konzeptionell werden diese Möglichkeiten, eine zukunftsfähige und gerechte Versorgung zu entwickeln, vor allem aus drei Perspektiven betrachtet: Caring Policies, Caring Economy und Caring Commons. Der vierte Teil enthält ein Sorge-Glossar mit Erklärungen der für sorgende Gesellschaften zentralen Begriffe.

Blood pressure reflects the status of our cardiovascular system. For the measurement of blood pressure, we typically use brachial devices on the upper arm, and much less often, the radial devices with pressure sensors on the wrist. Medical doctors know that this is an unfortunate case. The brachial pressure and even more, the radial pressure, both are poor replacements for the central aortic pressure (CAP). Moreover, the devices on the market cannot provide continuous measurements 24 h. In addition, most of the ambulatory and wearable monitors do not enable acquisition of the blood pressure curves in time. These circumstances limit the accuracy of diagnosing. The aim of this chapter is to introduce our experiments, experiences and results in developing the wearable monitor for central aortic blood pressure curve by using electrical bioimpedance sensing and measurement. First, electronic circuitry with embedded data acquisition and signal processing approaches is given. Second, finding appropriate materials, configurations and placements of electrodes is of interest. Third, the results of modelling and simulations are discussed for obtaining the best sensitivity and stability of the measurement procedures. Finally, the discussion on the provided provisional experiments evaluates the obtained results. The conclusions are drawn together with the need for further development.

In der internationalen Fachdebatte zu stationären Erziehungshilfen wird die kinderrechtliche wie pädagogische Notwendigkeit betont, dass die dort heranwachsenden jungen Menschen stärker an allen sie betreffenden Entscheidungen partizipieren sollen. Studien zeigen aber, dass in der institutionalisierten Praxis vielfältige Limitierungen der Partizipationsmöglichkeiten weiter prägend sind. Der Band führt den Forschungs- und Diskussionsstand zur Schweiz zusammen und ergänzt diesen mit Perspektiven von Careleavern, Aufsichtsbehörden, Verbänden und Einrichtungen. Dem sind Beiträge aus Deutschland, Österreich und Italien (Südtirol) zur Seite gestellt, die vergleichende Zugänge eröffnen.

"New initiatives recognize that resource wealth can provide a means, when properly used, for poorer nations to decisively break with poverty by diversifying economies and funding development spending. Extractive Industries: The Management of Resources as a Driver of Sustainable Development explores the challenges and opportunities facing developing countries in using oil, gas, and mining to achieve inclusive change. While resource wealth can yield prosperity it can also, when mismanaged, cause acute social inequality, deep poverty, environmental damage, and political instability. There is a new determination to improve the benefits of extractive industries to their host countries, and to strengthen the sector's governance. Extractive Industries provides a comprehensive contribution to what must be done in this sector to deliver development, protect often fragile environments from damage, enhance the rights of affected communities, and support climate change action. It brings together international experts to offer ideas and recommendations in the main policy areas. With a breadth of collective insight and experience, it argues that more attention must be given to the development role of extractive industries, and looks to the future to explain how action on climate change will profoundly shape the sector's prospects."

Inspiriert von Günther Anders' Diktum, die Atombombe verwandele die Welt in ein ausfluchtloses Konzentrationslager, entwickelt Christian Dries im Rekurs auf Anders, Hannah Arendt und Hans Jonas eine kritisch-philosophische Theorie der Moderne und bringt diese Modernisierungsphilosophie mit der soziologischen Modernisierungstheorie ins Gespräch. Im Zentrum seiner Studie steht das sogenannte »Pandynatos-Prinzip« der Moderne. Es bezeichnet die idée fixe des Homo faber, dass schlechterdings alles möglich sei und dass, was möglich ist, schließlich auch gemacht werde - und sei es um den Preis totaler Konformierung und Vernichtung von Mensch und Welt.

For the populations of the developing economies – the vast majority of humanity – the present century offers the prospect of emulating Western standards of living. This hope is combined with increasing awareness of the environmental consequences of the very process of global industrialisation itself. This open access book explores the interactions between economic development and the physical environment in four regions of the developing world: Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia. The contributors focus on the ‘Anthropocene’: our present era, in which humanity’s influence on the physical environment has begun to mark the geological record. Economic Development and Environmental History in the Anthropocene examines environmental changes at global level and human responses to environmental opportunities and constraints on more local and regional scales, themes which have been insufficiently studied to date. This volume fills this gap in the literature by combining historical, economic and geographical perspectives to consider the implications of the Anthropocene for economic development in Asia and Africa. The ebook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com. Open access was funded by Knowledge Unlatched.