Humanities & Social Sciences

2020 saw the 80th anniversary of the occupation of Norway on 9 April 1940 and the 75th anniversary of Norway’s liberation on 8 May 1945. The anniversaries provided an opportunity to reflect on these central events in Norwegian history, and to take a closer look at the war for the sake of collective remembrance. This was the background for the 2020 Agder Seminar. This anthology consists of eight chapters that illuminate in different ways the relationship between memory and repression in the history of our understanding of the Second World War. The chapters are wide-ranging, from theory-based analyses of recognition as a concept and a phenomenon, to empirical studies of various groups’ struggle for recognition. The contributors represent a number of different disciplines within the social sciences.

This paper introduces the Proceedings of the International Workshop entitled "In aula ingenti memoriae meae". Forme di autobiografia nella letteratura tardolatina, which was held in Siena on 13 and 24 June 2024 and represented the first step towards the construction of an international network, with a dedicated website, on the general trends of Latin autobiography between the IV and the VI sec. d.C. The thirteen contributions collected in this volume and written by some of the major specialists of Late antiquity analyze as many case studies related to that complex historical and cultural period.

Combining the World Englishes framework with First Language Acquisition methodology, this book investigates children’s acquisition of L1 English in the context of multilingual Singapore, one of the traditional Kachruvian Outer Circle or ESL countries. The book investigates language choice, use, and dominance in Singaporean families, identifies common linguistic characteristics of L1 Singapore English, as well as the acquisitional route that Singaporean children take. It discusses characteristics at the different levels of language organization, i.e., phonological, morphosyntactic, lexical, and pragmatic features, drawing on a variety of systematically elicited data and Praat-based acoustic analyses. Comparing the results to similar data obtained from children living in England (both mono- and bi-/multilingual), the book also sheds light on how the acquisitional steps taken by Singaporean children differ from or are similar to traditional native speakers of English and children from immigrant families in England. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Human Enhancement provides readers with a philosophically rich and scientifically grounded analysis of human enhancement and its ethical implications. A landmark in the academic literature, the volume covers human enhancement in genetic engineering, neuroscience, synthetic biology, regenerative medicine, bioengineering, and many other fields. The Handbook includes a diverse and multifaceted collection of 30 chapters—all appearing here in print for the first time— that reveal the fundamental ethical challenges related to human enhancement. The chapters have been written by internationally recognized leaders in the field and are organized into seven parts: Historical Background and Key Concepts, Human Enhancement and Human Nature, Physical Enhancement, Cognitive Enhancement, Mood Enhancement and Moral Enhancement, Human Enhancement and Medicine, Legal, Social, and Political Implications. The depth and topical range of the Handbook makes it an essential resource for upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in a broad variety of disciplinary areas. Furthermore, it is an authoritative reference for basic scientists, philosophers, engineers, physicians, lawyers, and other professionals who work on the topic of human enhancement.

China’s efforts in searching for new sources of growth are increasingly pressing given the persistence of the growth slowdown in recent years. This year’s book elucidates key present macroeconomic challenges facing China’s economy in 2017, and the impacts and readiness of human capital, innovation and technological change in affecting the development of China’s economy. The book explores the development of human capital as the foundations of China’s push into more advanced growth frontiers. It also explores the progress of productivity improvement in becoming the primary mechanism by which China can sustain economic growth, and explains the importance of China’s human capital investments to success on this front. The book demonstrates that technical change is a major contributor to productivity growth; and that invention and innovation are increasingly driving technical change but so far lumpily across regions, sectors and invention motivations. Included are chapters providing an update on reform and macroeconomic development, educational inequality, the role of intangibles in determining China’s economic growth, and China’s progress in transitioning towards being an innovative country. The book also covers the regional dimension of innovation and technological progress by sector: in agricultural productivity, renewable energy and financial markets. Chapters on trade, investment, regional cooperation and foreign aid explore further the mechanisms through which technological change and innovative activities are emerging locally and internationally.

Today’s world is more interconnected and interdependent than ever before. Within the context of globalisation and the associated increased contact between diverse groups of people, the psychology of culture is more relevant than ever. Asia-Pacific Perspectives on Intercultural Psychology brings together leading researchers from 11 countries to showcase the innovative, evolving, and diverse approaches that epitomise the development of the psychology of culture across the Asia-Pacific region. The contributors provide a range of examples of how different psychologies of culture can inform engagements with a range of psychological issues. Central to each chapter is the relationship between local cultures and ways of being, and knowledge production practices, imported theories, and methods from the global discipline. It is the resulting tensions and opportunities for dialogue that are central to the further development of intercultural psychology as a diverse scholarly arena. This important work argues the case for a combination of etic and emic approaches to theory, research, and practice in psychology, that this is foundational to the development of intercultural perspectives and more comprehensive understandings of both the universal and local elements of human experience and psychological phenomena today.

A szakfordítóképző intézmények egyik központi témája napjainkban a gépi fordítás gyors fejlődése és alkalmazásának terjedése. Nem könnyű megtalálni a gépi fordítás helyét az oktatásban, ugyanakkor sürgető ez a feladat, hiszen a szakfordítás gyakorlatára készítjük fel a hallgatókat. A kötetünkben szereplő tanulmányok a következő kérdéseket járják körül a tudomány, a fordítóképzés, valamint a fordítóipar oldaláról: Engedélyezik-e az egyes intézmények a gépi fordítás alkalmazását a képesítőfordítás írása közben? Oktatják-e az intézmények a gépi fordítás utószerkesztését? Ha igen, a képzésen belül mikor és milyen módszerekkel? Hogyan érdemes kezelni, amikor a szakfordító hallgató gépi fordítómotort használ a házi feladatként feladott fordítás elkészítéséhez?

This thesis is about a new model querying and transformation approach called FunnyQT which is realized as a set of APIs and embedded domain-specific languages (DSLs) in the JVM-based functional Lisp-dialect Clojure. Founded on a powerful model management API, FunnyQT provides querying services such as comprehensions, quantified expressions, regular path expressions, logic-based, relational model querying, and pattern matching. On the transformation side, it supports the definition of unidirectional model-to-model transformations, of in-place transformations, it supports defining bidirectional transformations, and it supports a new kind of co-evolution transformations that allow for evolving a model together with its metamodel simultaneously. Several properties make FunnyQT unique. Foremost, it is just a Clojure library, thus, FunnyQT queries and transformations are Clojure programs. However, most higher-level services are provided as task-oriented embedded DSLs which use Clojure's powerful macro-system to support the user with tailor-made language constructs important for the task at hand. Since queries and transformations are just Clojure programs, they may use any Clojure or Java library for their own purpose, e.g., they may use some templating library for defining model-to-text transformations. Conversely, like every Clojure program, FunnyQT queries and transformations compile to normal JVM byte-code and can easily be called from other JVM languages. Furthermore, FunnyQT is platform-independent and designed with extensibility in mind. By default, it supports the Eclipse Modeling Framework and JGraLab, and support for other modeling frameworks can be added with minimal effort and without having to modify the respective framework's classes or FunnyQT itself. Lastly, because FunnyQT is embedded in a functional language, it has a functional emphasis itself. Every query and every transformation compiles to a function which can be passed around, given to higher-order functions, or be parametrized with other functions.

Bei dem seit 2016 kursierenden Begriff »Transfer in der Lehre« geht es um eine stärkere Kooperation von Zivilgesellschaft und Hochschule. Umstritten ist, ob diese bildungspolitische Forderung gleichrangig zu Forschung und Lehre als dritte Mission in den regulären akademischen Tätigkeitskatalog aufgenommen werden soll. Den einen erscheint dieses Engagement als unzumutbare zusätzliche Belastung, die anderen sehen es als Chance auf ein verstärktes Erleben von Selbstwirksamkeit und thematischer Relevanz. Die Beiträge des Bandes diskutieren diese Chancen und Risiken und gehen dabei auf konkrete Beispiele aus der Lehrpraxis ein. Damit liefern sie gleichfalls einen Leitfaden im Dschungel der konkurrierenden Konzepte.

Protestors across the world use aesthetics in order to communicate their ideas and ensure their voices are heard. This book looks at protest aesthetics, which we consider to be the visual and performative elements of protest, such as images, symbols, graffiti, art, as well as the choreography of protest actions in public spaces. Through the use of social media, protestors have been able to create an alternative space for people to engage with politics that is more inclusive and participatory than traditional politics. This volume focuses on the role of visual culture in a highly mediated environment and draws on case studies from Europe, Thailand, South Africa, USA, Argentina, and the Middle East in order to demonstrate how protestors use aesthetics to communicate their demands and ideas. It examines how digital media is harnessed by protestors and argues that all protest aesthetics are performative and communicative.

To be effective, data-intensive systems require extensive ongoing customisation to reflect changing user requirements, organisational policies, and the structure and interpretation of the data they hold. Manual customisation is expensive, time-consuming, and error-prone. In large complex systems, the value of the data can be such that exhaustive testing is necessary before any new feature can be added to the existing design. In most cases, the precise details of requirements, policies and data will change during the lifetime of the system, forcing a choice between expensive modification and continued operation with an inefficient design.Engineering Agile Big-Data Systems outlines an approach to dealing with these problems in software and data engineering, describing a methodology for aligning these processes throughout product lifecycles. It discusses tools which can be used to achieve these goals, and, in a number of case studies, shows how the tools and methodology have been used to improve a variety of academic and business systems.

This open access book shows the scientific and policy-added value of combining health systems, health services and population health research. In doing so the authors create awareness among researchers to look beyond the boundaries of their own discipline and promote cross-disciplinary collaboration. The book also gives an overview of what is known in the scientific literature about the relationships between the structure of health systems, health service provision and utilisation, and inequalities in population health. Health inequalities are unjust and avoidable and, as a focus of health policy in many governments, are widely studied in public health research. But studies of health inequalities too often ignore the role that health systems and health services play in the production of inequalities in population health and, as a consequence, their potential to create or reduce inequalities in health. Studies of inequalities in health often incorporate the social determinants of health. The same societal structures that form the social determinants of health also determine the health system structure and their impact on access to and the provision of health services and the benefits of health service use to patients with different socioeconomic backgrounds. This means that attempts to reduce health inequalities by addressing the social determinants of health must also consider the potential pathway through the health system and the provision of health services. In the final chapter the authors discuss ways of breaking down the barriers between the three approaches. After reading this compact volume, researchers will be more aware of the theoretical and methodological approaches in the three areas and more inclined to look beyond the boundaries of their own discipline. Health Systems, Health Services and Inequality in Population Health is essential reading for researchers in health systems research, health services research and population health research. In addition, the brief is relevant for health policy researchers, health impact researchers, health economists, epidemiologists, public health practitioners and professionals in health services planning and management.

Green economy is the future – this volume illuminates options, challenges and factors of success, providing perspectives for politics and the economy.

While the claim that the Greeks are a seafaring people can be qualified, it is nonetheless undeniable that the sea represents a major geographic aspect of the ancient Greek world. It is therefore hardly surprising that this element has permeated beliefs and cults, from the Atlantic to the Persian Gulf and particularly in Magna Graecia. This work thus explores the ways in which maritime culture influenced the major figures of the Greek pantheon, the Olympian deities, from Homer to the end of the Hellenistic period. In this regard, he tempers the importance accorded too often a priorito Poseidon. All sources were required in such an investigation: literary, epigraphic, archaeological, iconographic, numismatic. By analyzing beliefs, the topography of sanctuaries, worship practices both on board and on land and maritime votive offerings (anchors and boats), it constitutes an essential tool for the study of Greek religion as well as for that of naval archeology.

This book explores how the Internet is connected to the global crisis of liberal democracy. Today, self-promotion is at the heart of many human relationships. The selfie is not just a social media gesture people love to hate. It is also a symbol of social reality in the age of the Internet. Through social media people have new ways of rating and judging themselves and one another, via metrics such as likes, shares, followers and friends. There are new thirsts for authenticity, outlets for verbal aggression, and social problems. Social media culture and neoliberalism dovetail and amplify one another, feeding social estrangement. With neoliberalism, psychosocial wounds are agitated and authoritarianism is provoked. Yet this new sociality also inspires resistance and political mobilisation. Illustrating ideas and trends with examples from news and popular culture, the book outlines and applies theories from Debord, Foucault, Fromm, Goffman, and Giddens, among others. Topics covered include the global history of communication technologies, personal branding, echo chamber effects, alienation and fear of abnormality. Information technologies provide channels for public engagement where extreme ideas reach farther and faster than ever before, and political differences are widened and inflamed. They also provide new opportunities for protest and resistance.