Humanities & Social Sciences

Users play an important role in innovation, both as a source of new ideas and insights and as accelerators of downstream adoption and diffusion. Their potential contribution is well known, but we understand less about how to realize this potential. This book addresses the question of how to release the power of users – how to help them articulate their insights and how to work with them to co-create better solutions.

Early Europeans settling in America would never have survived without the help of Native American groups. Though histories of early America acknowledge this today, that has not always been the case, and even today much work needs to be done to appreciate more fully the nature of the interactions between the settlers and the “First Peoples” and to hear the impressions of, and exchanges between, these two groups. We also have much to learn about Native Americans as people—their cultures, their languages, their views of the world, and their religious beliefs—and about their impressions of the early settlers. One avenue to recovering the history of these relations examines early records that sought to understand the First Peoples scientifically. Missionaries were among those who chronicled the exchange between early settlers and Native Americans. The diaries, letters, and journals of these early ethnographers are among the most valuable resources for recovering the languages, religions, cultures, and political makeup of the First Peoples. This volume explores the interactions of two seventeenth- and eighteenth-century European settlement peoples with Native Americans: German-speaking Moravian Protestants and French-speaking Roman Catholics. These two European groups have provided some of the richest records of the exchange between early settlers and Native Americans. Editor A. G. Roeber introduces the volume, whose chapters—by an international cast of contributors—are grouped in three parts: Texts and Interpretive Perspectives, Missions and Exchanges, and Indigenous Perspectives.

The Diffusion Hydrodynamic Model (DHM), as presented in the 1987 USGS publication, was one of the first computational fluid dynamics computational programs based on the groundwater program MODFLOW, which evolved into the control volume modeling approach. Over the following decades, others developed similar computational programs that either used the methodology and approaches presented in the DHM directly or were its extensions that included additional components and capacities. Our goal is to demonstrate that the DHM, which was developed in an age preceding computer graphics/visualization tools, is as robust as any of the popular models that are currently used. We thank the USGS for their approval and permission to use the content from the earlier USGS report.

Technology; Science

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This book brings together studies produced during the implementation of the MIUR-PRIN 2005/2007 inter-university project on 'The individual in domestic and community legislation: new models for protection and management of environmental and genotoxic risks'. The managers of the working groups organised itinerant study days in Messina, Florence and Rome, also with a view to in-the-field verification of different experiences and realities. Within the framework of interdisciplinary liaison, the important contributions made by eminent scholars have enabled the in-depth study at legal and medical level of the most appropriate tools for guaranteeing preventive and restrictive mechanisms in relation to protection from the damage of potentially genotoxic environmental, occupational or individual factors. This is the most recent approach to the new code of the environment, utilising the principle of precaution which is intended to induce the jurist and the medical scientist to discern profiles of continuity and discontinuity in the promotion and protection of individual values.

Circuits of Visibility explores transnational media environments as pathways to understand the gendered constructions and contradictions that underwrite globalization. Tracking the ways in which gendered subjects are produced and defined in transnationally networked, media saturated environments, Circuits of Visibility presents sixteen essays that collectively advance a discussion about sexual politics, media, technology, and globalization. Covering the internet, television, books, telecommunications, newspapers, and activist media work, the volume directs focused attention to the ways in which gender and sexuality issues are constructed and mobilized across the globe. Contributors’ essays span diverse global sites from Myanmar and Morocco to the Balkans, France, U.S., and China, and cover an extensive terrain from consumption, aesthetics and whiteness to masculinity, transnational labor, and cultural citizenship. Circuits of Visibility initiates a necessary conversation and political critique about the mediated global terrain on which sexuality is defined, performed, regulated, made visible, and experienced.

A survey of the role played by jewish architects working in Vienna in the period between 1868-1938.

Against the presentation of an asymmetric global governance, this article analyzes the formation of global migration governance with its focus on the politics of migration and development. It traces the marginalization of a rights-based approach to migration and the streamlining of migration governance into business-friendly migration management and a geopolitical securitization agenda. It also reviews the trajectory towards factoring migration into a global development policy discourse as formulated in the UN 2030 Development Agenda. Specifically, it indicates that the inclusion of migration into the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) may promote migrant workers’ rights because several of these invoke universal human rights instruments, social protection and the observance of the ILO decent work agenda. However, this will only be possible if civil society critically engages powerful state and non-state actors in the process of monitoring the SDGs’ implementation, and resists their streamlining into investment and free trade neoliberal development regimes.

Projet en partage, partage sans projet ou partage comme projet : quelle est la dimension sociale du projet ? Comment pense-t-on le partage avant le projet, quels acteurs sociaux y participent, quand en sont-ils absents ? C’est sur ces éléments que se penche cet ouvrage qui traite de projets urbains, de catégories d’acteurs, d’implications participatives et d’effets sociaux localisés. Et quels effets ? Effets de sens, effets de pouvoir, effets sociaux et décalages effectifs entre objectifs affichés et réalités sociales parfois tenaces. Au nord comme au sud, pour mettre en œuvre le projet les moyens sont variés, les outils sont divers, de la suggestion à la contrainte, des « bonnes pratiques » aux processus autoritaires. Aucun projet présenté dans les textes de cet ouvrage n’inclut parfaitement la participation à la totalité du processus. Certains l’intègrent à leur méthodologie, avec des résultats plus ou moins effectifs mais des intentions claires, des acteurs identifiés et une temporalité bien définie. D’autres projets qui se présentent comme partagés sont bien moins formalisés, informels voire déguisés et font parfois l’objet de contestations et de contre-propositions. Dans tous les cas, c’est à l’issue du projet de territoire que l’on en mesure réellement la dimension sociale, l’objectif visé par ces projets n’étant pas nécessairement un espace partagé. En présentant des projets de natures différentes et à plusieurs échelles (requalification de l’espace public, amélioration de l’habitat, renouvellement urbain…), les sept chapitres de cet ouvrage abordent ainsi des enjeux variés de mixité sociale et de gentrification, de dé-paupérisation, de préservation de l’entre-soi et d’éviction brutale de certains segments de population.

TheMA is a peer-reviewed open-access research journal dedicated to the history of performing and visual arts. It is published biannually and specializes in the critical and trans-disciplinary historical study of artistic production and reception in various artistic genres including literature, theatre, music, painting, sculpture, and architecture.

"This book presents the theory and practice of impact assessment tailored to new border control technologies that are increasingly employed at state borders with the aim of facilitating border checks. Experience has shown that their use often comes into conflict with societal values such as the respect for fundamental rights to privacy and personal data protection. As a result, there is a growing need to accommodate two requirements, the first being the deployment of new border control technologies and the second being the respect for relevant societal values. This book introduces a tool that seeks to accommodate both requirements: impact assessment. Impact assessment is an evaluation technique used to analyse the potential future consequences of a given measure for societal values. The main objective of the assessment process is to support informed decision-making about whether or not, and under what conditions, to deploy a given measure. Border Control and New Technologies. Addressing Integrated Impact Assessment is addressed predominantly to border control authorities in the European Union and in the Schengen Area who wish to ensure that new technologies for controlling state borders respect the principles of democracy, the rule of law and human rights. The book will be of interest also for border control officials elsewhere in the world as well as for anyone dealing with the theory and practice of impact assessment."

This volume makes available for the first time a complete translation in English of a key text for our understanding of Kabuki, viz. Kezairoku, Sakusha Shikihô (Valuable Notes on Playwriting, A Playwrights’ Methodology, written 1801), being the only extant treatise fully devoted to the subject of Kabuki playwriting. At the hand of this vital text, the author addresses the history, methodology, and practitioners of Kabuki playwriting of the Edo Period (1603-1867.) The reader will find a critical examination of Kezairoku, and discussions regarding the connections between the Kabuki and literary worlds of Edo Japan, and between playwriting and the oral arts. The availability of the entire Kezairoku in English, together with a full contextualization of its teachings and meanings, offers a volume of great significance to both Japan and theatre scholars.

Nyakyusa is an underdescribed Bantu language spoken by around 800.000 speakers in the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. This book provides a detailled description of the verb in this language. The topics covered include the complex morphophonological and morphological processes as well as verb-to-verb derivation, copula verbs and grammaticalized verbs of motion. The main body of the book consists of a detailed description of tense, aspect and modality constructions, which includes not only an in-depth discussion of their sentence level semantics, but also of their patterns of employment in discourse.

Why did »equality« become prominent in European societies based on hierarchy during the Enlightenment? What does »equality« imply for societies, politics, or legal systems? The contributors to this volume draw on various historical case studies, from visionary practices in revolutionary France and the collection of data on the poor in 19th-century Germany, to claims raised under the minority regime of the League of Nations and the anti-discrimination politics of the UN and India. The dynamics of universalizing equality are contrasted with a concept asserting that equality must be limited to and by order. The contributions thus explore concepts of equality from the perspectives of history and law and show that practices of comparing were essential when it came to imagining others as equal, fighting discrimination, or scandalizing social inequalities.