Humanities & Social Sciences

Was the author of the Pastoral Epistles only a purveyor of other men's Christology? Or is the Christology of the Pastorals the author's own? Does this Christology fall back on a level below Pauline Christology or does it go far beyond it, as some would have it? Hanna Stettler shows that the author was true to Pauline thought by not just repeating what Paul had taught but rather by reinterpreting it for his current time in the Hellenistic language of his days. For this reason the language of incarnation and the parousia is transformed into the scheme of the twofold epiphany of Christ, the Messiah. The author of the Pastorals includes both Synoptic and Johannine thought in order to present a comprehensive picture of the person and work of Jesus Christ.

In this volume, the law of parental responsibility in Europe is examined on a comparative basis for Belgium, Germany, England and Wales, the Netherlands, Poland and Sweden. This closes a gap in the research, as there is currently no such current study available. A presentation of the main features of the law of parental responsibility is followed by a comparative typification and analysis of the rules regarding the exercise of joint parental responsibility and the legal representation of the child in cases of parental separation; those rules are explored from the point of view of the tension between parental autonomy and enforced parental cooperation. The legal solutions to parental conflicts are a further focal point; this is dealt with in depth regarding parental conflicts over the child's place of residence and legal rules about alternating residence of the child in Australia, Belgium and Sweden. Volume 21 of the series "Göttinger Juristische Schriften" (Göttingen Legal Writings) The series is published by the Faculty of Law of the Georg-August-University and makes faculty activities accessible to an interested public.

In this open access edited volume, international researchers of the field describe and discuss the systematic review method in its application to research in education. Alongside fundamental methodical considerations, reflections and practice examples are included and provide an introduction and overview on systematic reviews in education research.; Open Access With contributions from international experts First volume with a special focus on systematic reviews in educational research Contains practical examples Takes ethical considerations into account

The French Revolution represents the defining event in modern French national memory. As an epochal turning point with profound political and social upheavals, it presents itself - beyond the legislative implementations of an intellectual elite - in its concrete manifestations on the streets and public squares of Paris and in the provinces as a decisive episode in the modern history of France determined by aggressive physical conflicts. With the year of crisis that lasted from spring 1793 to summer 1794, the revolutionary events, after having evoked conflict with foreign powers since their beginnings, entered a new phase of (civil) war within the country, insofar as the Grande Terreur raised the internal French camp struggles with countless guillotine executions to a new level of escalation. The violent excesses that had become commonplace left traces in France's collective memory. On the one hand, such traces are still concretized in the revolutionary period itself. On the other hand, the French Revolution represents a privileged point of reference, especially in renewed times of crisis. The 19th century, with the subsequent revolutions of 1830 and 1848, the 20th century, with the two world wars, and the 21st century, with the most recent challenge of global terror, are not lacking in such phases of social destabilization and threatening political chaos. The present volume is dedicated to this revolutionary coming to terms with the past, especially the bloody phase of 1793/94, in its diverse manifestations from the late 18th century to the present.

Über die sozialen Folgen der tiefgreifenden Umbrüche in der Arbeitswelt seit den 1970er Jahren. Arbeit bestimmt unser Leben. Arbeitsverhältnisse entscheiden über gesellschaftliche Zugehörigkeiten und den materiellen Status. Sie modellieren Geschlechterbeziehungen, formen Lebensläufe und hinterlassen Spuren in den sozialen Beziehungen. Die Deindustrialisierung, die Ausweitung des Dienstleistungssektors und die Digitalisierung veränderten seit den 1970er Jahren die Arbeitswelt tiefgreifend. Im vorliegenden Band wird nach den Auswirkungen dieser Transformationen im geteilten und vereinigten Deutschland gefragt und gezeigt, wie sie die Soziallagen, aber auch das Bewusstsein von Erwerbstätigen verändert haben. Die Autorinnen und Autoren widmen sich u. a. internationalen Produktionsverlagerungen, der Umwandlung von Industrierevieren in Dienstleistungsquartiere, spezifisch weiblichen Berufsfeldern wie dem Einzelhandel, migrantisch geprägten Tätigkeiten im Entsorgungs- und Reinigungsgewerbe und analysieren Privatisierungsfolgen sowie die Wissensgeschichte der Prekarität. Im Fokus stehen dabei Arbeitserfahrungen, durch veränderte Arbeitspraktiken hervorgebrachte soziale Polarisierungen sowie der gewerkschaftliche Umgang mit Rationalisierung und Arbeitslosigkeit.

This book contains the proceedings of the seminar held in Florence on 6 May 2011 within the framework of a research project of national scope funded by the Ministry of Education (MUIR). The principal inspiring aim is the quest for synergy between criminal law and administrative law in the activities aimed at fighting corruption. The 'final' interests damaged by corruption are fundamental (public safety, national economy), such as to demand the stigmatisation and efficacy inherent to the penal instrument. However, no less important is the prevention aspect recommended by the European and international institutions, which can be achieved through a real and effective reinforcement of administrative instruments, such as the prevention of conflicts of interest or the strengthening of the disciplinary system.

This chapter surveys and analyses the aromatic substances associated with burial and the preservation of the dead in the Iron Age Phoenician Levant (c. 1100–300 BCE), as part of an exploration of the lost smellscapes of the ancient world. First, Phoenician vocabulary related to smelling and pungent substances is outlined and investigated. Then, a review of coastal Levantine archaeological and textual evidence, along with comparanda from the wider Mediterranean world, is used to establish the range of smells and substances that would have been associated with mortuary practice at this time. While oleo-resins in use in the burial record overlap to some degree with those used in everyday life—in perfumes, religious practice, and other uses of scented oils and incense—the unique constellations of aromatics used to inter the dead highlight the importance of these deeply mnemonic sensory elements in our understanding of the Iron Age past.

This study presents the contemporary Islamic resurgence movement among young people in Bandung Indonesia, focusing on its emergence, development and routinisation. It traces various factors and conditions that contributed to the emergence of the movement. It also tries to explain how and why young people (students in particular) turn to Islam, and how the movement is organised and developed among students. Finally, it examines internal changes among various Islamic groups as responses to social, political and cultural changes.

Fugitive Borders explores a new archive of 19th-century autobiographical writing by black authors in North America. For that purpose, Nele Sawallisch examines four different texts written by formerly enslaved men in the 1850s that emerged in or around the historical region of Canada West (now known as Ontario) and that defy the genre conventions of the classic slave narrative. Instead, these texts demonstrate originality in expressing complex, often ambivalent attitudes towards the so-called Canadian Promised Land and contribute to a form of textual community-building across national borders. In the context of emerging national discourses before Canada's Confederation in 1867, they offer alternatives to the hegemonic narrative of the white settler nation.

This book presents the concept of 'Hybrid Urbanisms' aiming to deconstruct the still-existing and often critiqued dualism of formalised and informalised practices in urban planning and infrastructure delivery. Using an innovative perspective, the book addresses this issue by focusing on the complex configurations in which both forms always co-exist and compete as powerful social constructs. It unveils the juxtaposition, simultaneity, dependency and intertwining of in-/formalised practices and highlights the relevance of this perspective to better understand urban development, especially in the global South. At the same time, the book focuses on secondary cities of Ghana and Peru that are often overlooked in the existing literature but play a relevant role in global urbanisation quantitively and qualitatively. In offering a comparative perspective on two very diverse geographical contexts, ten empirical studies are framed by a conceptualisation of 'Hybrid Urbanisms' and a concluding systematisation of perspectives on this central aspect of urban development. Taken together, this volume make an innovative contribution on how to produce new and more diverse urban theories of cities of the global South. This book is essential for scholars, students and practitioners in the fields of urban planning, urban studies, infrastructure studies and international cooperation alike. In addition, it will be of interest to those in the fields of urban sociology, public policy, urban geography and development studies. This publication was supported by funds from the Publication Fund for Open Access Monographs of the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany and by the Faculty of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Urban Planning of Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg.

Human "embodiment" is a polysemous term that has rich multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary dimensions from various histories of consciousness. As a paradigm for various methodologies, it emphasizes the lived experience and the immanence of the human condition, especially regarding sensory habitus, bodily ways of knowing, and the material-social dimension of humanity within a historically/geographically situated context; it validates all people as bearers of their own insight and knowledge, and emphasizes that experience itself serves as a phenomenological basis for understanding. Embodiment is thus not reducible to an abstract philosophical project, but rather holds possibilities for a practical and applied ethics. In the context of peripheries, embodiment can be understood as the commitment to marginalized communities and teaches us both the scientific and humanistic value of compassion.

They call it syntax. Data-based approaches to Finnish dialects This Finnish-language volume presents recent original research in Finnish dialect syntax. In addition to seven research articles, it contains a review of the Finnish research tradition in this relatively neglected area of dialectology and a historical overview of the dialectological data collection practices relevant for present-day research. The contributions share a functional, constructional and interactional approach and are united by their use of traditional interviews of elderly, rural dialect speakers, focusing on phenomena that can be fruitfully approached using such data, while paying attention to the limitations involved. Much of the research centers around the person system, impersonality and pronoun usage, but it also addresses issues such as question formation and clausal structure. The volume is of interest to researchers, students, teachers and anybody interested in spoken Finnish syntax and its variation in context.

"Waste Stabilisation Ponds is the third volume in the series Biological Wastewater Treatment. The major variants of pond systems are fully covered, namely: facultative ponds anaerobic ponds aerated lagoons maturation ponds The book presents in a clear and informative way the main concepts, working principles, expected removal efficiencies, design criteria, design examples, construction aspects, operational guidelines and sludge managment for pond systems. About the series: The series is based on a highly acclaimed set of best selling textbooks. This international version is comprised by six textbooks giving a state-of-the-art presentation of the science and technology of biological wastewater treatment. Other titles in the series are: Volume 1: Waste Stabilisation Ponds Volume; 2: Basic Principles of Wastewater Treatment; Volume 4: Anaerobic Reactors; Volume 5: Activated Sludge and Aerobic Biofilm Reactors; Volume 6: Sludge Treatment and Disposal"

The Climate Trial is a gripping journey through a landmark climate lawsuit that links a Peruvian mountain guide with a German energy giant in court, revealing how global warming reshapes moral responsibility in a changing world.

Die Beiträge des Tagungsbandes sind zwei Themenfeldern zugeordnet: "Hochschuldidaktik und Fachkulturen - ein spannendes Verhältnis" sowie "Die Hochschule als lernende Organisation - Möglichkeiten der Zusammenarbeit". Im erstgenannten Feld diskutieren die Autorinnen und Autoren Erwartungen an und Bedarfe der Hochschuldidaktik, interdisziplinäre Ansätze sowie die Verbindung von fachübergreifenden mit fachspezifischen hochschuldidaktischen Fragestellungen in SoTL-Projekten. Schwerpunkt des zweiten Teils ist die Aufgabe der Hochschuldidaktik in der Hochschulentwicklung: Lehrentwicklung, -evaluation und tutorielles Peerlernen aus Sicht der Studierenden, Studiengangentwicklung als Kooperation zwischen Hochschuldidaktik und Fachwissenschaft sowie die Rolle der Hochschuldidaktik für die Entwicklung der Hochschule als Organisation. Die große Bandbreite der fachlichen Zugänge zur Hochschuldidaktik und -lehre ermöglicht vielfältige und inspirierende Einblicke, wobei insbesondere die Beteiligung von Studierenden und die Integration ihrer Perspektive das Bild der aktuellen Hochschuldidaktik und -lehre vervollständigt.