Humanities & Social Sciences

Rethinking restoration in its theoretical aspects today means addressing certain epistemic and cultural issues that can lead scholars into the intricate terrain of critical debate. Criticism is a crucial aspect that restoration must confront to avoid naïve empiricism and to curb the uncontrolled expansion of paradoxical specializations, as well as grotesque reinterpretations of what can be considered heritage. This volume seeks to establish its own theoretical orientation by comparing experiences and perspectives while also navigating the narrow passage of the language of restoration. Without a solid theoretical foundation, the restorer would find themselves almost defenseless in the face of the richness of exceptions that each restoration site practice inevitably brings.

This monograph explains how, in the aftermath of the battle over René Descartes’ philosophy, Newton’s natural philosophy found fertile ground at the University of Leiden. Newton’s natural philosophical views and methods, along with their underlying distinctions, seamlessly aligned with the University of Leiden’s institutional-religious policy, which urged professors and students to separate theology from philosophy. Additionally, these views supported the natural philosophical agendas of Herman Boerhaave, Willem Jacob's Gravesande, and Petrus van Musschenbroek. Newton’s natural philosophical program was especially useful in the three Leiden professors' project of reforming existing disciplines and providing them with epistemic legitimacy.

"Modernisation has been a constant theme in Russian history at least since Peter the Great launched a series of initiatives aimed at closing the economic, technical and cultural gap between Russia and the more ‘advanced’ countries of Europe. All of the leaders of the Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia have been intensely aware of this gap, and have pursued a number of strategies, some more successful than others, in order to modernise the country. But it would be wrong to view modernisation as a unilinear process which was the exclusive preserve of the state. Modernisation has had profound effects on Russian society, and the attitudes of different social groups have been crucial to the success and failure of modernisation. This volume examines the broad theme of modernisation in late imperial, Soviet, and post-Soviet Russia both through general overviews of particular topics, and specific case studies of modernisation projects and their impact. Modernisation is seen not just as an economic policy, but as a cultural and social phenomenon reflected through such diverse themes as ideology, welfare, education, gender relations, transport, political reform, and the Internet. The result is the most up to date and comprehensive survey of modernisation in Russia available, which highlights both one of the perennial problems and the challenges and prospects for contemporary Russia."

Available open access under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. A ground-breaking international collection, Born into Care brings together leading scholars, practitioners, advocates and mothers with lived experience to confront the hidden and deeply controversial practice of infant removal at birth. The first book of its kind, it delivers a powerful critique of the legal, ethical and political systems that perpetuate a practice which disproportionately impacts marginalised families. Topics covered in the book include decision-making at birth, human rights and access to justice, and the intersecting inequities of class, gender, racism and ableism. Through rigorous analysis and diverse perspectives, the collection challenges dominant child protection narratives and lays the groundwork for systemic transformation.

The Reparative Impulse of Queer Young Adult Literature is a provocative meditation on emotion, mood, history, and futurism in the critique of queer texts created for younger audiences. Given critical demands to distance queer youth culture from narratives of violence, sadness, and hurt that have haunted the queer imagination, this volume considers how post-2000s YA literature and media negotiate their hopeful purview with a broader—and ongoing—history of queer oppression and violence. It not only considers the tactics that authors use in bridging a supposedly “bad” queer past with a “better” queer present, but also offers strategies on how readers can approach YA reparatively given the field’s attachments to normative, capitalist, and neoliberal frameworks. Central to Matos’ argument are the use of historical hurt to spark healing and transformation, the implementation of disruptive imagery and narrative structures to challenge normative understandings of time and feeling, and the impact of intersectional thinking in reparative readings of queer youth texts. The Reparative Impulse of Queer Young Adult Literature shows how YA cultural productions are akin to the broader queer imagination in their ability to move and affect audiences, and how these texts encapsulate a significant and enduring change in terms of how queerness is—or can be—read, structured, represented, and felt.

In Europa rückte die Herausbildung eines modernen Berufstheaters vielerorts ins Zentrum nationalkulturellen Selbstbewusstseins. Die Commedia dell’arte, Werke von Shakespeare, Lope de Vega oder Molière avancierten dabei zum kulturellen Kapital. Im deutschsprachigen Raum stehen entsprechende nationalkulturelle »Leistungen« hingegen mit der Verdrängung des Berufstheaters nach Maßgabe der Aufklärung in Verbindung. Zu zeigen, was in der deutschen Theatergeschichte verdrängt wird, ist ein Ziel dieser Edition. Die publizierten Spieltexte stehen beispielsweise mit dem Elisabethanischen Theater, der Amsterdamer Schouwburg, dem Jesuitentheater oder Molière in Verbindung, womit ein deutschsprachiges »Internationaltheater«, das sich an Bedürfnissen des Publikums orientierte, neu entdeckt wird. In Europe, the emergence of a modern professional theatre in many places became a focus of national self-esteem. The Commedia dell'arte, works by Shakespeare, Lope de Vega or Moliere, became a weighty cultural capital. In German-speaking countries, however, corresponding cultural "achievements" are connected with the repression of the traditional theatre profession in accordance with the Enlightenment. To show what is being repressed in German theatre history is one aim of this edition. For example, the published plays are related to the Elizabethan Theater, the Amsterdam Schouwburg, the Jesuit Theater or Moliere, thus revealing a German-language "international theatre" that was oriented towards the expectations of its audience.

This open access book presents and discusses current issues and innovative solution approaches for land management in a European context. Manifold sustainability issues are closely interconnected with land use practices. Throughout the world, we face increasing conflict over the use of land as well as competition for land. Drawing on experience in sustainable land management gained from seven years of the FONA programme (Research for Sustainable Development, conducted under the auspices of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research), the book stresses and highlights co-design processes within the “co-creation of knowledge”, involving collaboration in transdisciplinary research processes between academia and other stakeholders. The book begins with an overview of the current state of land use practices and the subsequent need to manage land resources more sustainably. New system solutions and governance approaches in sustainable land management are presented from a European perspective on land use. The volume also addresses how to use new modes of knowledge transfer between science and practice. New perspectives in sustainable land management and methods of combining knowledge and action are presented to a broad readership in land system sciences and environmental sciences, social sciences and geosciences.

Welche Strategien und Mechanismen trugen dazu bei, die öffentliche Persona des dänischen Bildhauers Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770–1844) zu erschaffen? Die Autorin betrachtet die Verbreitung seines Ruhms und des beispiellosen Künstlerkults um Thorvaldsen als Teil einer celebrity-Kultur, die in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts in Europa entstanden ist und die auf medialer Vermittlung basiert. Der Fokus richtet sich auf Visualisierungen des Künstlerkults, angefangen bei Thorvaldsens eigenen Werken und zeitgenössischen Porträts über seine Ateliers in Italien und Dänemark bis hin zu seinem,von ihm selbst initiierten Museum in Kopenhagen, das zugleich sein Mausoleum werden sollte.

Judith le Maire livre une « grammaire » de la participation en architecture et urbanisme et révèle les principales figures d’architectes et urbanistes « participationnistes ».

The Italian experience of emigration is part of the collective memory and resonates strongly across a wide spectrum of popular-cultural practices. Film, television, music, and literature all tell the story of this modern utopia: the search for happiness, freedom, and self-determination, but also of the hardship, misery, and poverty that led to emigration and continue to shape collective imaginations and memories today. Above all, cinema gives form to this imaginary topography.

This book is a collection of contributions from leading specialists on the topic of biosensors for health, environment and biosecurity. It is divided into three sections with headings of current trends and developments; materials design and developments; and detection and monitoring. In the section on current trends and developments, topics such as biosensor applications for environmental and water monitoring, agro-industry applications, and trends in the detection of nerve agents and pesticides are discussed. The section on materials design and developments deals with topics on new materials for biosensor construction, polymer-based microsystems, silicon and silicon-related surfaces for biosensor applications, including hybrid film biosensor systems. Finally, in the detection and monitoring section, the specific topics covered deal with enzyme-based biosensors for phenol detection, ultra-sensitive fluorescence sensors, the determination of biochemical oxygen demand, and sensors for pharmaceutical and environmental analysis.

The selected and revised articles in this volume by Hans Bakker deal with Indian culture, religion and history: Hinduism, epigraphy, archaeology, iconography in combination with Sanskrit textual studies. The studies focus on the Skandapurana, Vakataka—Gupta history, Ramtek (Ramagiri), Mansar, Ayodhya, Benares, pilgrimage and holy places (tirtha). Readership: All interested in the cultural history of Northern India of the classical and medieval periods. Sanskritists, historians of religion and historians of Indian art and iconography, as well as historians of Shaivism (Pasupata).

Der Esquire verkündet es Anfang Januar 1959 auf seiner Titelseite: »The Golden Age of Jazz«. Und meint damit das Hier und Jetzt: »Now is the time!« Was für eine Prophezeiung! Denn Alben wie Kind of Blue und Mingus Ah Um, The Shape of Jazz to Come und Time Out, Moanin' und Giant Steps, die in den Monaten danach erscheinen, bilden bis heute den Kern des Jazzkanons. Im Rückblick ein ›annus mirabilis‹. Nur liegt noch keine dieser Platten vor, als der Esquire herauskommt. Wie kann das sein? Frédéric Döhl rekonstruiert die Soundscape des Jazz jener Ära. Und vermittelt hierüber, wie wichtig es ist, dem eigenen Gehör zu folgen, um die Geschichte einer Musik zu erzählen – auch im Zeitalter von TDM, KI und ChatGPT.

This edited volume critically investigates women’s knowledge about war and explores the epistemic agency of women in a range of contemporary settings across the globe. Women are deeply affected by war, participate in war and resist war. At the same time, knowledge production often ignores and marginalizes women’s experiences and gendered ways of knowing war. From Colombia to Israel and Palestine, Liberia, Mali, Myanmar, Nepal, North America, Northern Iraq and Ukraine, the chapters in this book illuminate gendered knowledge production in and about different conflict-affected sites. By taking the embodied and narrative epistemic agency of local ‘knowers’ seriously, new insights are thereby presented about the role women play in producing knowledge about war. This book proposes new theoretical vantage points in order to understand how epistemic power and epistemic violence are closely related. Bringing the topic of knowledge production into the so-called ‘Women, Peace and Security’ (WPS) agenda, it analyses how knowledge of the gendered nature of war and security is produced and circulated, and argues that the WPS agenda is a system of knowledge with its own omissions and silences. By theorizing gendered knowledge production and amplifying the voices of women as epistemic agents, this book advances scholarship on gender and war. This book will be of much interest to students of feminist studies, peace studies, war and conflict studies and International Relations. The Introduction, Chapter 3, and Chapter 9 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license. Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

The Altering Eye covers a "golden age" of international cinema from the end of WWII through to the New German Cinema of the 1970s. Combining historical, political, and textual analysis, Kolker develops a pattern of cinematic invention and experimentation from neorealism through the modernist interventions of Jean-Luc Godard and Rainer Maria Fassbinder, focusing along the way on such major figures as Luis Buñuel, Joseph Losey, the Brazilian director Glauber Rocha, and the work of major Cuban filmmakers. Kolker’s book has become a much quoted classic in the field of film studies providing essential reading for anybody interested in understanding the history of European and international cinema. This new and revised edition includes a substantive new Preface by the author and an updated Bibliography.