Humanities & Social Sciences

Second language program development and administration is a long-standing area within the larger field of applied linguistics. In many ways, it is the quintessential applied linguistics field, as it crosses disciplinary boundaries while balancing the rigors of scholarly inquiry with the demands of practical application without losing sight of concrete learner outcomes. The Routledge Handbook of Language Program Development and Administration provides a scholarly rigorous, yet practically relevant treatment of issues implicated in program development and administration with 52 chapters written by leading scholars in the field. Authors not only address the theoretical underpinnings of their respective topics but also provide actionable, evidence-based recommendations concerning eminently practical matters. In this way, the volume provides both novice and experienced language program administrators with important guidance on how to think about the work that they do and how best to go about it, while also validating language program administration as a scholarly area of inquiry. The Routledge Handbook of Language Program Development and Administration is essential reading for practicing second language program administrators at the post-secondary level, in-service and pre-service second language instructors, graduate students in applied linguistics, and even upper-level undergraduate education students considering second language teaching as a future career. Chapters 9 and 11 of this book are freely available as downloadable Open Access PDFs at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This volume publishes accounts of archaeological exploration carried out during the last 30 years or so in the Sudanese Eastern Desert. It is divided into two related parts.The first and foremost covers results from the work of the Centro Ricerche sul Deserto Orientale (CeRDO), which is based at Varese in northern Italy. Between 1989 and 2006, CeRDO, directed by the brothers Alfredo and Angelo Castiglioni, ran a pioneering programme of expeditions, which traversed the so-called ‘Korosko Road’ (the main desert route connecting Egypt and Sudan) and followed multiple other tracks throughout the Eastern Desert. They encountered in the process a rich archaeological landscape, hundreds of previously undocumented sites, many frequented over millennia, prominent among them gold-production areas and their associated settlements. The CeRDO record, the photographic database, the material retrieved, to which several of the papers published here are devoted, are now all the more valuable, in that many of these sites have since been badly disturbed and some entirely destroyed by recent goldmining activities.The second part, introduced by a concise account of the historical usage of the Korosko Road, reports in full on a single, short season of documentation, organized in 2013 under the auspices, and with the support, of the Sudan Archaeological Research Society. Its main aim was detailed recording of a group of pharaonic rock-inscriptions discovered by CeRDO expeditions, most located along the Korosko Road and almost all related to the colonial gold-working industry. The project included also a degree of investigation and mapping of the wider context, as well as the recording and study of associated archaeological material, in particular of ceramic remains. The results complement and usefully extend in part those of CeRDO.

In der Reihe Slavistische Beiträge werden vor allem slavistische Dissertationen des deutschsprachigen Raums sowie vereinzelt auch amerikanische, englische und russische publiziert. Darüber hinaus stellt die Reihe ein Forum für Sammelbände und Monographien etablierter Wissenschafter/innen dar.

In the last decade methods and techniques based on supersymmetry have provided deep insights in quantum chromodynamics and other non-supersymmetric gauge theories at strong coupling. This book summarizes major advances in critical solitons in supersymmetric theories, and their implications for understanding basic dynamical regularities of non-supersymmetric theories. After an extended introduction on the theory of critical solitons, including a historical introduction, the authors focus on three topics: non-Abelian strings and confined monopoles; reducing the level of supersymmetry; and domain walls as D-brane prototypes. They also provide a thorough review of issues at the cutting edge, such as non-Abelian flux tubes. The book presents an extensive summary of the current literature so researchers in this field can understand the background and related issues.

Historians, Literary Scholars, Archaeologists, Art Historians.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used both as a diagnostic instrument and for therapy, available only at some psychiatric clinics for treatment of depression and at clinical neurophysiology where TMS is used for diagnosis of nerve damage. The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare issued a referral edition about the use of repetitive TMS as an alternative treatment for depression. This may lead to a major increase in the application of TMS to treat depression. TMS is based on induction of an electric (E) field inside the brain by application of an external magnetic field with rapid rise and fall time. The E field in the brain has been calculated when different coils were used for the treatment. The reported E fields are of the order of tens to hundreds of volts per meter and the induced current density is estimated at tens of A/m2. This field can depolarize neurons or modulate cortical excitability by selecting the appropriate parameters for stimulation and the duration of the treatment session. The mechanisms of action of neurostimulation still remain incompletely understood.

This book explores the intersections of religion, gender, sexuality and race in the everyday lives of female converts in the Netherlands. In a unique comparative approach, it is based on ethnographic research in Jewish, Christian and Muslim communities. What does it mean to join a religious community as a woman in a largely secularised country? How does gender impact processes of religious conversion? How can we understand processes of racialization of converts who join a minority group? The book highlights how the formation of a religious self is shaped by gender and vice versa at the level of religious community, families and individual embodiments. It considers the apparent paradox in women’s conversion: When secular women join religious groups associated with gender conservatism, they are often perceived as lacking agency, or using their conversion primarily for external reasons (such as marriage). Underneath this assumption is a strong idea that ‘secularity’ offers women their freedom, whilst ‘traditional religions’ would limit women’s emancipation and freedom. Drawing on insights from gender studies and religious studies, the author critically reflects on concepts and theories about women’s religiosity, conversion, and the role of gender and sexuality in the construction of a religion/secular binary. The study offers fresh and nuanced insight into the similarities between religious groups, which are usually examined individually. At the same time, it recognizes that the social context and difference in social position of the three groups studied have a deep impact on the process of conversion. The book includes analysis of how new Jewish and Muslim women deal with the experience of becoming a (racialized) minority in the Netherlands, as well as how the comparison with the experiences of Christian women reflect on Christian privilege.

Laurentius Eiseler egy a sok fiatal közül, akiket jómódú szüleik külföldi iskolákba küldtek tanulni. Őt Bécsből Strasbourgba. A strasbourgi Johann Sturm alapította Academia ékesszólás-stúdiumai európai hírűek voltak a korszakban. Melchior Junius óráin több alkalommal kellett olyan szemináriumi dolgozatot írni, hogy egy-egy latin műfaj feldolgozásához valamilyen aktuális történeti témát választhatott a hallgató. Az ifjú Eiseler a Magyar Királyság hadszínterein ismert osztrák főtisztek közül egy tokaji várkapitányt választott a „győzelmi ének” műfaj gyakorlására, a neki tulajdonított törökök feletti győzelem történetének kiszínezett bemutatására. Ha a mű nem is a latinitás csúcsteljesítménye, ha a hallgató nem is volt igazán tisztában a választott történet körülményeivel, kis művével – mert megjelent nyomtatásban – tájékoztatta Elzász lakóit a tőlük távoli háború egyik eseményéről.

The essay shows the historical and theoretical connections between adult education and distance learning, showing how the latter has made use of the many theories developed since the Andragogic challenge and how it has been able to offer itself as a catalyst for the former. Especially starting from MOOCs, this dual nature of distance learning – that of concretizer and that of reflective catalyst of adult education – are transformed into a research that touches pedagogical aspects (related to continuing education and its strategic role), teaching aspects (related to the methods of structuring training actions), but also and above all ethical-political apects, related to the democratization of Higher Education.

Rudolf Bultmann und Oscar Cullmann zählen zu den bedeutendsten Neutestamentlern und Theologen des 20. Jahrhunderts. Ihre Publikationen werden bis in die Gegenwart in unterschiedlichen Sprachen neu aufgelegt. Am Anfang war ihre Beziehung von gegenseitiger Wertschätzung und regem publizistischem Austausch geprägt. Immer mehr führte aber die Ausarbeitung unterschiedlicher theologischer Konzeptionen zum kritischen Diskurs, der in den offenen Widerspruch mündete. Dennoch standen sie zeitlebens - mit einigen Unterbrechungen - miteinander in einem wohlwollenden Briefwechsel. In diesem Band werden alle erhaltenen Briefe und Postkarten dieser Korrespondenz in einer kommentierten Fassung vorgelegt. In zehn Studien werden zusätzlich die Werke der beiden Theologen aus zeitgeschichtlicher, theologischer und exegetischer Perspektive analysiert und für die gegenwärtige theologische Arbeit ausgewertet.

As the marketing landscape continues to evolve, posing fresh challenges for both academics and practitioners, this book explores contemporary marketing issues, trends, challenges, and opportunities. Featuring papers presented at the first annual International Conference on Advanced Marketing Practice (ICOAMP) held in Almería, Spain in 2024, this open access book covers a broad range of topics focused analytics, measurements, and methodologies in marketing, health, medical and beauty decision-making; the impact of digital technologies on marketing management; marketing education; marketing oriented to operational data stores (ODS); non-profit marketing; marketing ethics (CSR) and social media, and digital marketing practices, among others. These topics are centered around three pivotal and interrelated themes: disruptions, diversity, and ethics, which are the cornerstones that drive our collective pursuit of understanding their impact on the world of marketing. It is imperative for modern businesses and marketers alike to grasp the intricacies of these factors and their implications. This book provides valuable contributions for marketing researchers and practitioners as well as managers of businesses in a wide range of industries

Terrorism. Why does this word grab our attention so? Propaganda machines have adopted modern technology as a means to always have their content available. Regardless of the hour or time zone, information is being shared by somebody, somewhere. Social media is a game changer influencing the way in which terror groups are changing their tactics and also how their acts of terror are perceived by the members of the public they intend to influence. This book explores how social media adoption by terrorists interacts with privacy law, freedom of expression, data protection and surveillance legislation through an exploration of the fascinating primary resources themselves, covering everything from the Snowden Leaks, the rise of ISIS to Charlie Hebdo. The book also covers lesser worn paths such as the travel guide that proudly boasts that you can get Bounty and Twix bars mid-conflict, and the best local hair salons for jihadi brides. These vignettes, amongst the many others explored in this volume bring to life the legal, policy and ethical debates considered in this volume, representing an important part in the development of understanding terrorist narratives on social media, by framing the legislative debate. This book represents an invaluable guide for lawyers, government bodies, the defence services, academics, students and businesses.

This book explores the challenges climate change poses to the endurance of democracy, situating this theme within the context of the decline in global freedom documented since the early 21st century. It discusses how disaster events have historically affected human reasoning and agency and how the climate crisis is likely to influence democratic development in the future. Climate extreme events can provide opportunities for autocratic leaders to curtail rights and freedoms, but they can also create critical junctures where the social and political discourse within society is reshaped and where incumbent regimes are contested. The book illustrates how climate change may generate food insecurity, economic recessions and deepen socioeconomic inequalities. These effects may contribute to democratic backsliding but can also create new conditions for social mobilization. The democratic consequences of climate change are thus not primarily determined by the forces of nature, but by human responses and the social, economic and political conditions of the affected country. In the long-term perspective, however, climate change will have several negative effects on democratic stability. The book concludes that for human freedom and democracy to endure, modern society needs to be brought into balance with nature. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of climate governance, environmental politics, energy policy and global development. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons [Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND)] 4.0 license.

Due to the competitive edge it confers on students, educational institutions, and non-English speaking nations in a globalized economy, English as a medium of instruction (EMI) has been gaining popularity in tertiary education in non-native English-speaking (NNES) countries. Institute-wide EMI implementation has often been imposed by top-down decisions, in combination with the optimistic view that the horse should always be placed before the cart. However, emerging evidence suggests that the delivery of such programs to NNES students has led to new pedagogical challenges and learning problems that go beyond the scope of language learning and teaching and deserve immediate attention. For example, how would an instructor respond to situations in which students’ learning of content is compromised by their limited language proficiency? This book draws on the current practice of EMI in diverse disciplines and university settings and examines how these new pedagogical and learning issues can be addressed. The discussion also involves a reflection on the essence of EMI in relation to the use of the first language (L1) as the medium of instruction in tertiary education. In addition, the book includes discussion about how to ensure and maintain the quality of EMI programs and assess the readiness of stakeholders for such programs, which include administrators, teachers, and students. The discussion is led by exemplars in Hong Kong and Taiwan, where the majority of students are native Chinese speakers, in the hope of developing critical perspectives and practical guidelines as references for EMI in other NNES settings. “The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/ISBN, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This work explores the relationship between Croatia and Italy in a study of literary journals extending from the period of the Illyrian movement to Modernism (1835-1903). Moving away from a national and philological approach, we focus on interculturality and imagology. Our conclusions unfold at the intersection of these two fields, as well as “at the edge of literature and philosophy” (in Derrida’s terms), where the relationship between Croatian and Italian cultural has been shaped according to various factors – literary, political, historical and also psychological.