Humanities & Social Sciences

Hydrodynamics was long considered a subject for mathematicians and theoretical physicists. Although the engineering subject of hydraulics offers useful formulae for many practical problems, these could only be justified empirically. In the winter semester of 1907/08, the mathematician Felix Klein organised a seminar at Göttingen University with the declared aim of bridging this gap. The participants' contributions show how the gap between theoretical hydrodynamics and practical hydraulics was bridged with modern fluid mechanics.

Untersucht werden Bedingungsfaktoren für einen erfolgreichen Übergang von der Schule in den Beruf bei Jugendlichen mit den Förderschwerpunkten "Lernen" und "geistige Entwicklung". In der Dissertation wird der Einstieg ins Erwerbsleben aus Sicht der Betroffenen rekonstruiert. Dabei wird sichtbar, wie sehr diese Phase von persönlichen Erfahrungen mit der eigenen Beeinträchtigung geprägt ist. Die komplexen Übergangs- und Wechselprozesse können überfordernd wirken und zu Bildungs- und Entwicklungsverzögerungen führen. Die Autorin erläutert zunächst die Diskussion über inklusionsbezogene Teilhabe und die Umsetzung im (Berufs-)Bildungsbereich sowie am Arbeitsmarkt. Ergänzend fasst sie den Forschungs- und Erkenntnisstand zu schulisch-beruflichen Übergängen zusammen. Im empirischen Teil wertet sie die erhobenen Daten unter Anwendung inhaltsanalytischer Gütekriterien aus, die sie vor dem Hintergrund des Forschungsprozesses reflektiert.

The annual reports of the Chair of Lighting Technology provide information on courses and current research projects and give an overview of the colleagues, their publications and committee activities.

A Báthory-család széptudományú udvari költőjének, a „vidám és játszi elméjű” Hunyadi Ferencnek (1550?–1600) a nevét elsősorban a trójai háború történetét elbeszélő, magyar nyelvű históriás ének szerzőjeként ismerjük, miközben latin nyelvű költői életműve teljesen ismeretlen és feldolgozatlan maradt. Pedig mély, humanista műveltséggel bíró tudós költőnk életművének fontosságát mutatja az a tisztelet is, amellyel kortársai – mint „új, hun Vergiliust” – övezték. Irodalomtörténetünk kevés ilyen méretű és jelentőségű, elfeledett költői életművet ismer a 16. századból. Jelen kiadás ezt a kultúrtörténeti adósságunkat igyekszik törleszteni a magyar és erdélyi humanista irodalom felé.

Although numerous disciplines recognize multiple ways of conceptualizing time, Stefan Tanaka argues that scholars still overwhelmingly operate on chronological and linear Newtonian or classical time that emerged during the Enlightenment. This short, approachable book implores the humanities and humanistic social sciences to actively embrace the richness of different times that are evident in non-modern societies and have become common in several scientific fields throughout the twentieth century. Tanaka first offers a history of chronology by showing how the social structures built on clocks and calendars gained material expression. Tanaka then proposes that we can move away from this chronology by considering how contemporary scientific understandings of time might be adapted to reconceive the present and pasts. This opens up a conversation that allows for the possibility of other ways to know about and re-present pasts. A multiplicity of times will help us broaden the historical horizon by embracing the heterogeneity of our lives and world via rethinking the complex interaction between stability, repetition, and change. This history without chronology also allows for incorporating the affordances of digital media.

Recent technological developments and potential technological developments of the near future require us to try to think clearly about what it is to have moral status and about when and why we should attribute moral status to beings and entities. What should we say about the moral status of human non-human chimeras, human brain organoids, artificial intelligence, cyborgs, post-humans, and human minds that have been uploaded into a computer, or onto the internet? In this introductory chapter we survey some key assumptions ordinarily made about moral status that may require rethinking. These include the assumptions that all humans who are not severely cognitively impaired have equal moral status, that possession of the sophisticated cognitive capacities typical of human adults is necessary for full moral status, that only humans can have full moral status, and that there can be no beings with higher moral status than ordinary adult humans. We also need to consider how we should treat beings and entities when we find ourselves uncertain about their moral status.

»Chiasmen« ist ein Buch zu Platon, Sappho und Aristoteles. Das Chiasma, die diagonale Überkreuzung zweier Gegensatzpaare, hat sich als der methodologisch beste Schlüssel für deren Bearbeitung erwiesen - ein Schlüssel, der vor allem am Leib-Seele-Problem sowie an der Geschlechterfrage im Kontext der antiken Polis erprobt wurde. Dieser Schlüssel hebelt die alteingesessenen Dogmen umso besser aus, als er in den antiken Werken selbst zu finden ist. Das Chiasma legt ebenso die surreale Komik Platons inmitten seiner einfallsreichen Begriffssystematik frei, wie es die genial poetischen Philosopheme Sapphos zu erschließen hilft.

Baudelaire et Wagner. “The intellectual name of love is interest”, wrote Thomas Mann in his Considerations of an apolitical man (1915-1918). The interest, he specifies, "implies an emotional state that is nothing less than lukewarm", which "far exceeds in violence that of admiration'". It is not then in the panegyric, but in "malicious, even hateful" criticism, and in particular in the pamphlet (on condition "that it is spiritual and a product of passion") that this interest is found to be satisfied. The loving challenge that Thomas Mann issued at Wagner during the war is an answer, if possible, to Baudelaire's intention.

This open access book provides insights into challenges, threats and opportunities of urban development in Africa. It discusses how and why African cities need localised urban planning concepts and theories to deal with challenges and threats of rapid urbanisation and climate change. The book delivers an in-depth view of the nature and gaps of the framework on which current planning practice and education in Africa are based. With that, it discusses the potentials of African cities to mobilise local knowledge, resources and capacity building for sustained and resilient urban growth. This work is addressed to educationists and practitioners in the field of urban development management, climate change adaptation and urban resilience. Specifically, such audiences include researchers, spatial planners, graduate students and member of civil societies working on urban development management.

Während Klimaforschung lange als rein naturwissenschaftliches Unterfangen galt, wird sie zunehmend auch in den Sozialwissenschaften betrieben. Die Popularisierung in und außerhalb der Wissenschaft hat dabei nicht nur zu neuen Problembezügen geführt, sondern auch eine wachsende Unübersichtlichkeit produziert: Es ist ein Bedarf entstanden, disziplinäre Einstiegspunkte, interdisziplinäre Anschlussmöglichkeiten und transdisziplinäre Austauschgelegenheiten zu sondieren. Die Beiträge des Bandes thematisieren zentrale Schlüsselwerke der sozialwissenschaftlichen Klimaforschung und ermöglichen so einen ersten und orientierenden Zugang zu diesem Forschungsfeld.

This volume constitutes the final study of EUFams II, a research project on European family and succession law funded by the European Commission. Its contributors present historical developments, discuss the status quo, and draw the lines along which European family and succession law may develop in the near future. The volume endeavors to inspire its readership and the scientific community at large to engage in further research along and across these lines.

"Challenging the Dichotomy" explores how dichotomies regarding heritage dominate the discourse of ethics, practices, and institutions. Examining issues of cultural heritage law, policy, and implementation, editors Les Field, Cristóbal Gnecco, and Joe Watkins guide the focus to important discussions of the binary oppositions of the licit and the illicit, the scientific and the unscientific, incorporating case studies that challenge those apparent contradictions. Utilizing both ethnographic and archaeological examples, contributors ask big questions vital to anyone working in cultural heritage. What are the issues surrounding private versus museum collections? What is considered looting? Is archaeology still a form of colonialization? The contributors discuss this vis-à-vis a global variety of contexts and cultures from the United States, South Africa, Argentina, New Zealand, Honduras, Colombia, Palestine, Greece, Canada, and from the Nasa, Choctaw, and Maori nations. "Challenging the Dichotomy" underscores how dichotomies—such as licit/illicit, state/nonstate, public/private, scientific/nonscientific—have been constructed and how they are now being challenged by multiple forces. Throughout the eleven chapters, contributors provide examples of hegemonic relationships of power between nations and institutions. Scholars also reflect on exchanges between Western and non-Western epistemologies and ontologies. The book’s contributions are significant, timely, and inclusive. "Challenging the Dichotomy" examines the scale and scope of “illicit” forms of excavation, as well as the demands from minority and indigenous subaltern peoples to decolonize anthropological and archaeological research.

Available open access digitally under CC-BY-NC-ND licence. Based on in-depth fieldwork with Belgian children aged 10 to 16, this book examines how children in shared physical custody define and negotiate their place within the household of each parent. The authors analyse how family practices within and between each dwelling shape children’s sense home, and the strategies and skills children develop to manage and position themselves in these different environments. Challenging common stereotypes and giving voice to children in shared custody, the book provides valuable insights for practitioners and scholars to better understand and support children and their parents.

The emergence of next-generation infrastructures is facilitating the transition from centralized cloud computing to the cloud-to-fog continuum, wherein services are disseminated over many layers, ranging from centralized clouds to decentralized edge devices. This model facilitates more efficient and responsive service provisioning, especially in latency-sensitive and resource-limited contexts. In these situations, middleware is essential for managing the distributed characteristics of services, aiding energy-efficient devices at the network periphery, and enabling seamless service orchestration. These frameworks facilitate the monitoring of small-scale services and nodes, hence maintaining performance consistency. Subsequently, distributions can be refined by integrating insights from real-time measurements and network topology data, facilitating dynamic resource allocation and improving system efficiency. Additionally, emulation frameworks are essential for testing diverse networking scenarios and finding nearly perfect service deployments in a sandboxed environment. By determining the most appropriate emulator for application development, we provide an easy-to-use platform to researchers and developers, such that they can evaluate their services' needs. Moreover, novel network paradigms and protocols are easily adaptable on given emulations. This dissertation examines the design of middleware solutions within the cloud-to-fog continuum and analyzes the application of emulation tools to enhance service delivery at the network edge.

The essay intends to demonstrate that, beyond any polarising approach to the subject of opposing interpretative theories, it is the structure of the single norm that each time authorises interpreters to leave room for their cultural heritage and values or, instead, binds them to an ‘aseptic’ and ‘faithful’ application of legal provisions. This assumption is tested in relation to different legal frameworks and institutions.