Education & Pedagogy

Perspectives on developing an environmental ideology by approaching environmental issues holistically are offered in this paper. The role of music and art in environmental education is viewed as being critical in fostering a deep sense of appreciation and stewardship towards the environment. Suggestions are presented for teaching art and music environmentally. Explanations are given on how music and art can assist students in developing ecology-related aesthetic values. Integration of all content areas, especially the aesthetic subjects is advocated and advised. (ML)

This paper presents two propositions: (1) that extensive knowledge of subject matter is a necessary but not sufficient condition for effective teaching; and (2) that teacher education is a legitimate professional preparation which should be improved rather than circumvented. Six rationales for the validity of the above propositions, based on theory, logic, research, expert opinion, experience, and common sense, are detailed. In addition some historical perspective is provided regarding the use of teachers with and without professional education. (CB)

Performance patterns in reading, mathematics, and composition of over 13,000 special education students in grades 1 through 6 are examined relative to mainstream performance patterns. The performance of special education students is slightly less than but mirrors mainstream performance patterns. As the mainstream performance graph rises or falls so almost exactly does the performance graph on each of the special education categories. Further, the difference between special education performance surveyed at grade level corresponds closely to special education performance surveyed off grade level. The findings indicate that substantive mainstream instructional accomplishments need not be ruled out for handicapped students. (Author/CL)

The Multicultural Education Quick Assessment Test (QAT), an abbreviated instrument for administrators, staff, parents, community members, and/or students who want to determine how their district is doing in multicultural education, is presented in this paper. An introduction discusses the importance of multicultural education. Instructions are then given for completing QAT, which evaluates multicultural education in ten areas: school policy, local school district administration, local staff, programs, staff training, materials, curriculum, extracurricular activities, parent/community/school relationship, and the academic achievement of ethnic minority students. A rating scale is provided. (GC)

An outline is presented of the factors that had an impact upon the training of physical education teachers from 1960 to the present. The overview of each decade offers a listing of influences on teacher preparation in the areas of social changes and upheavals, the professional curriculum, and instructional methodology, as well as other broad changes in action or attitudes in the United States. Recommendations are made on meeting the greatest needs in professional preparation of physical education teachers in the future. (JD)

This reference manual is a glossary of words and terms related to conservation, ecology, and land use. The words and terms selected are those most likely to be encountered in textbooks and periodicals not intended for the professional resource manager or specialist. The glossary is intended to be used by Missouri teachers and youth group leaders. (Lists of conservation education consultants and outdoor skills education specialists in Missouri are appended.) (JN)

Eighteen major research projects on education and schools in the United States are described in this report. Foci of these projects include: (1) curriculum and classroom environments that make for effective learning; (2) the development of approaches for improving educational quality; (3) basic values in American education; and (4) restructuring of schools, especially high schools. Each project description includes the project title, project director, address, funding sources, project time frame, objectives and activities, and director's comments about the project. (MJL)

The main objectives of this seminar were (1) to offer an evaluative presentation of different models of preschool education throughout India and (2) to assess whether the content and methodology of various teacher-training programs bear adequate relation to skills required at the program implementation level. These proceedings contain papers presented in the various sessions; discussed are different models of preschool education, content and methodology in teacher education, and evaluations of the various programs. Recommendations and resolutions of the seminar are also included. (MP)

Fourteen research reports related to mathematics education are abstracted and analyzed. Five studies deal with aspects of mathematics instruction, and there are four reports each on mathematics achievement and on two cognitive processes. The remaining items concern calculators, attitudes, and aptitude-treatment interaction. Research related to mathematics education reported in CIJE and RIE between January and March 1982 is also noted. (MP)

The University of Connecticut's undergraduate special education program, which uses the prescriptive teaching approach to train special education teachers, is described. Student support services that help "high risk" candidates succeed in a demanding program are outlined. Program elements and evaluation criteria that provide students with the skills needed to be competent professionals are presented. A particular focus is on program components which prepare graduates for the stressful realities facing special educators in the 1980's. Finally, efforts in the area of student evaluation are considered. (Author/SW)

This paper describes the value of movement education for all children and provides examples of various worksheets that can be used in the physical education setting to enhance various lesson themes and objectives for movement education. The use of worksheets can assist the physical educator in determining if concepts can be demonstrated in a movement setting as well as through use of the cognitive processes. Formative and summative evaluation procedures can be used to determine the value of the learning experience. (JD)

Academic/industrial relationships are examined from the viewpoint of economic development and development through technological innovation. The annotated bibliography consists of four sections: general overview of higher education and industry linkages (linkages between higher education and industry regarding research and development, human resource, and entrepreneurial relationships); research and development relationships (relationships between higher education and industry); human resources relationships (training partnerships between higher education and industry); and entrepreneurial relationships (activities that higher education undertakes to assist industry in technological change). (SM)

This discussion on the merits of requiring four years of general education studies for prospective teachers focuses on the philosophical ingredients of liberal arts courses. One, perennialism, advocates students learning content from great minds of the past. The other, essentialism, emphasizes that basic subject matter can be identified and taught to all students. The values inherent in these two philosophies are discussed in the light of their relevance to teaching and the general literacy of teachers. Some recommendations are made for incorporating liberal arts education into the preservice preparation of teachers. (JD)

This paper presents an explanation of practitioners' reactions to sex equitable sex education. Several constraints can prohibit practitioners from engaging in sex equitable sex education: (1) lack of community support; (2) lack of expertise in human sexuality education; (3) vagueness of school committee views; and (4) lack of answers to logistical questions. Strategies for attracting attention to these constraints are provided. One researcher's experience as an advocate of sex equitable menstrual education is described. Appended are 17 references. (SI)

This manual is for the teacher of preservice classroom teachers who are preparing to teach elementary level physical education. It presents plans for conducting a university physical education course. The contents include a course outline, daily class schedule, laboratory experiences, test questions, and sample forms for all class activities. The appendices contain a course outline, lab report forms, and playground equipment checklists. Sample daily lesson plans are included for grades kindergarten through eight. The lessons cover games and sports, rhythmic activities, gymnastics, and fitness. (JD)