Education & Pedagogy

A paradigm shift has occurred in the learning-teaching process that includes new ways of pedagogical thinking, post-modern curricula, digital learning, changed social interactions, and linear and lateral thinking. These changes require reorganization of the educational system in general and distance education in particular. Changes in the system are highlighted and measures are suggested for effectively coping with them. (Author/AEF)

Asserts that almost all U.S. colleges and universities offer some form of developmental education, if one considers tutorial and learning assistance programs in addition to formal courses. Presents an historical analysis of developmental programs, stating that they, in some form, have been a part of postsecondary education since Harvard was founded in 1636. Contains 49 references. (EMH)

Addresses the motivations underlying faculty advocacy of the "information" model for library and information science (LIS) education. Proposes an intensified interest in and support of all aspects of LIS education by the many worlds of LIS practice and suggests that a cultural model of LIS better positions both the "library" and "information" professions for a new millenium. Contains 45 references. (Author/AEF)

Because there are no universal standards for educational technology, curricular materials in medical education cannot be easily managed, reused, or shared with other educators and institutions. A standardized, object-oriented architecture is needed to facilitate these processes. The Instructional Management Systems specification, which has emerged as a global standard for online teaching and learning environments, is recommended. (Author/MSE)

Missouri's diverse autonomous education system has embarked on a collaborative journey stimulated by average student performance, need for better college preparation, and concerns for a better-prepared workforce. Leaders from education, business, and government are collectively emphasizing a seamless educational system. Mathematics is the focus of the state's first K-16 project to improve both performance and accountability. (Author/MSE)

The immediate and long-term acquisition of knowledge of 37 students divided into two groups (nonanchored instruction and anchored instruction) was explored. Although no differences between the two groups on the posttest immediately following the lectures was noted, the anchored instruction group outperformed the nonanchored group on the eight-week follow-up test. (Author/CR)

Applies comparative techniques originated by K. Wolpin and G. Psacharopulos to discriminate between the "weak" and "strong" screening hypotheses, employed to determine whether societal investment in upgrading or expanding education is justified. Controlling for sample selection, this study finds evidence for weak screening in the Italian labor market. (42 references) (MLH)

This interview with Lewis Perelman, author of "Global Mind" and "School's Out: Hyperlearning, the New Technology, and the End of Education," explores the future of education in the U.S. Argues that the forces changing academia in the direction of obsolescence and ultimate extinction are unrelated to education policy or education reform. Presents his knowledge-effective enterprise. (PEN)

Describes a project conducted in a reading methods course for preservice elementary education students to model how technology can be incorporated into the curriculum to facilitate learning. Preservice teachers collaborated with practicing teachers via electronic mail to gain a greater understanding of different philosophies of reading. (Author/LRW)

Solutions to some enduring problems in elementary and secondary education may be found in the intersection of educational reform, teacher education, and service-learning. Service-learning in both K-12 and teacher education can help educators understand intelligence as multiple and dynamic, understand the learning context as both school- and community-based, and view administration as values-based. (MSE)

Discusses rejuvenation of the campus community service movement and its potential to explore the meaning of citizenship in a democracy. Argues that civic education should be an integral part of a liberal education and that community service can help prepare students for citizenship. A Rutgers University (New Jersey) program illustrates how service and citizen education can be linked effectively. (Author/MSE)

Examines the rationale underlying competency-based evaluation, the value of authentic (as contrasted with simulation) assessment, and different techniques used for authentic evaluation. Details four authentic evaluation types useful in dental education: ratings; exemplary products; test cases; and portfolios. Discusses matching evaluation methods with evaluation decisions and desirable characteristics of evaluation methods. Includes a glossary of terms in competency-based education. (MSE)

Estimates perceived rates of return to higher education in Cyprus, and uses them in logistic regression analysis to study effect of economic considerations on secondary students' decision to pursue higher education. The mean rate of return to higher education estimated by college candidates is considerably higher than that perceived by labor market entrants. This perceived rate of return significantly influences pupils' educational intentions. (10 references) (MLH)

Over 750,000 U.S. school-age children are homeless. Schools can eliminate attendance and environmental barriers sabotaging these children's education by becoming communities of learning that provide specialized education for children, contextualized education for parents, and linkages to needed services. The Bronx's Brownstone School, Chicago's Recovering the Gifted Child Academy, and Salem, Oregon's Homeless Children and Families Program are stellar examples. (10 references) (MLH)

Mixed results for U.S. adults on the First International Adult Literacy Survey reveal the worthlessness of posting international test scores without considering cultural, social, and economic contexts. In the Third International Mathematics and Science Study, U.S. eighth-graders' performance was average, but fourth-graders' results were noteworthy. Job prospects for superlative students are iffy, and teacher success depends on context. (MLH)