Education & Pedagogy

Broad contextual and cultural influences of reforms on employment and higher education in Lithuania are examined, effects of this transition on higher education administration are considered, and conditions that would encourage administrators to take an entrepreneurial or proactive approach are discussed. A model for training programs to assist administrators in managing the transition is described. (MSE)

Implications of widespread reform in education in Central and Eastern European countries for secondary school teacher education are discussed. Available data on teacher characteristics, compensation, and working conditions are examined, and the current status and composition of teacher training is compared for different countries. Teacher participation in governance in this context is also explored. (MSE)

Professional development schools serve both novice and experienced teachers' needs by combining teacher education with professional development and school-restructuring efforts. Such schools are creating new opportunities for learning by teaching, doing, and collaborating. This article describes the University of Southern Maine's one-year, graduate Extended Teacher Program and Bates College's combined liberal arts/teacher education program. (MLH)

Discusses 10 misconceptions about the substance, methodology, and efforts of teaching and learning via interactive television networks (ITN), including the idea that ITN will replace teachers, ITN will save money, ITN will rescue failing schools, all students will succeed in ITN classes, and all teachers can teach well on ITN. (SM)

Describes a three-year project designed around a model that extends the traditional student teaching practices by using electronic networks. The model brings together university coordinators, student teacher supervisors, school district teachers, and public school students. The discussion centers on three factors impacting the quality and character of participants' use of technology: issues of access, training, and context. (SM)

This study examined the effect of pre-student-teaching field experience in a multicultural setting on preservice teachers' cultural sensitivity. Preservice teachers took the Cultural Awareness Inventory before and after a field experience with minority students. Results indicated that the field experience had no impact on the subjects' in most areas. (SM)

Examines fundamental tensions between the individual and community as manifested in the philosophy and practice of three progressive New York City Schools. The historical case studies of private progressive education demonstrate a tension between liberal and communitarian dimensions of progressive education, a tension implicit in progressive educational theory and practice. (SM)

Provides a historical overview of the prerevolutionary Russian government's attempts at youth vocational education. Although the people favored these efforts, political opposition often weakened the policy. Entrepreneurial vocational schools and school/business cooperative efforts flourished in this environment. Briefly discusses selected schools and relevant pedagogical theory. (MJP)

Attempts to determine differentiation in the moral reasoning of Flemish high school students taking a nondenominational ethics course compared to those receiving Catholic instruction. A total of 631 students completed the Defining Issues Test, a multiple choice examination. Discovered very little difference between the two groups and discusses possible reasons and implications. (MJP)

Illuminates an interesting conflict in British church/state relations regarding education. Although in agreement on social issues, the Conservative government's free market reforms eliminated the protected niche Catholic private schools had enjoyed since 1944. Discusses Catholic lobbying against the reforms and the current status of parochial schools. (MJP)

Studies examined the effects of high school background, self-confidence, expectations for teacher education, career status, preservice program quality, and teaching knowledge and skills on male elementary preservice and inservice teachers' status. Results suggest such teachers are unique because their backgrounds and perceptions about teaching others differ in important ways. (SM)

The implications for physical education of the trend toward block scheduling at the middle and high school levels are discussed. Physical educators are urged to see block scheduling as an opportunity. Suggestions for implementing the block schedule include a sample schedule for a 90-minute physical education class. Positive results of block scheduling in some North Carolina schools are noted. (DB)

Recognizes the leadership role played by professional and educational organizations, most notably the National Geographic Society (NGS), in promoting geography education. The NGS and other organizations established standards and guidelines concerning content and instruction. Includes brief descriptions of activities and their sponsoring organizations. (MJP)

Suggests that children involved in the process of creating games from other cultures gain an increased interest in learning about other cultures and increased cognitive, social, and interpersonal skills. Notes that stressing commonalities by making games rather than focusing on differences fosters sensitivity and a greater understanding of others. (SD)

A survey of 84 pharmacy schools showed most not in compliance with 1975 American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy resolutions concerning curriculum for radiopharmaceuticals and radiopharmacy practice. Results suggest content is generally presented as part of a core course, separate required course, or elective. However, 31% of schools offer no instruction in radiologic pharmacy. (Author/MSE)