Education & Pedagogy

In this article we attempt to envision what utopian higher education could be given the realities that currently shape students' experiences. Postsecondary education is fraught with admissions that favor those with social, cultural, and economic capital; with course enrollment, class size, and instructor accessibility governed by bureaucratic labyrinths and austerity measures; and with major and career selection constrained by looming student debt. As higher education perpetually reproduces social stratification and increasingly mimics corporate practices, it is imperative to ask who and what higher education is for. Why do we continue to engage in it? Are there ways to salvage it from within, or does it require demolishing, clearing the rubble, and building from scratch? Can a utopian version of higher education exist at all if wider social relations endure? Using speculative fiction, this piece grapples with re-envisioning higher education as students' daily lives, and the world at large, remain within the confines of capitalist realism.

In-country migration is widespread in South Asia, and the region hosts the world's largest number of out-of-school children. Yet the relationship between internal migration and inclusion in formal education has received only limited academic and policy attention. The Agenda 2030 pledge to leave no-one behind prompts us to argue that when it comes to migrating children, formal education systems in South Asia are in ontological crisis. Cases of mobile pastoralists and seasonal labour migrants illustrate that being 'left behind' is produced by intersecting norms of modernity, which formal education systems reproduce, via logics of rights, human capital and 'terms of inclusion'. Formal education systems are antithetical to mobility-dependent livelihoods, discount situated learning, and perpetuate unequal social relations. 'Alternative' education has done little to contest these norms and their productions. Terming this an 'ontological crisis' signals both the disjuncture between realities and Agenda 2030's moral exigencies, and the opportunity to act.

This state-of-the-art paper is centered on bilingual education teachers' linguistic qualifications with special reference to Spanish competencies needed to meet the needs of emergent bilingual education learners in the U.S. The paper spans over a forty-year period drawing on the experiences and related publications of the principal author beginning in the mid 1980s and up to the present. In doing so, key themes, questions and challenges related to the special issue are highlighted based on the series of publications from 1993 to 2020. Insights into the ways language ideologies and politics of bilingual education teacher preparation entities undermine this need are addressed. Drawing on language education policy planning, the author then offers three paths forward given that not much progress has been made since the inception of bilingual education in the U.S. with regard to the preparation of linguistically qualified bilingual education teachers with specific reference to their Spanish competency.

This paper analyzes the effects of active learning (AL) on the social entrepreneurship (SE) of physical education teacher education students (n = 158) from an Urban School. AL participants applied several strategies including but not limited to flipped classroom, problem solving, team projects, or case studies. The topic was approached using mixed methods with methodological triangulation. Quantitative evidence was gathered through a quasi-experimental design of six non-equivalent groups implementing the "Social Entrepreneurship Competency Scale" (SECS). Meanwhile, qualitative analysis was undertaken analyzing 119 reflective journals. Quantitative results provide significant evidence regarding the positive effect of AL on SE. Qualitative analysis complements this view describing how SE was developed (e.g., providing-receiving feedback among peers). Additionally, data transformation displays an alternative analysis of the benefit provided. Our results display how AL improves SE of physical education teacher education students, enhancing new research into this direction to meet current education demands.

This article concerns the problem of time pressures in higher education from the perspective of Newtonian (clock)time and pedagogical action. While most recent critiques of contemporary time pressures turn to alternative time theories in place of Newtonian temporality, the current paper outlines a way to conceive education from a Newtonian time perspective while also retaining theorizations of education as a form of cyclical and uncertain interaction. Time is theorized as changes in the immediate present which transform an uncertain and potential future to an evident and permanent past in a Newtonian-linear temporal framework. Education, on the other hand, is defined as pedagogical influence to foster student's human growth, demonstrated in a teaching-studying-learning relationship. Slow education theories and strategies are proposed as a way to reclaim time for education from the accelerative time policies of HE from within a linear time perspective instead of having to propose alternative time theories to 'free' education from its rootedness in the temporality of past, present, and future.

State correctional education leaders responded to cancellations of in-person programs due to the COVID-19 pandemic by using technology to provide and expand access to high-quality educational content. This response both allowed participants to continue their learning and provided them with equitable access to technology they will use to navigate daily life after release. This article describes the impact of the pandemic on correctional education and provides examples from four states (Colorado, Louisiana, Maine, and Wisconsin) about how they expanded technology access and use for correctional education. This includes allowing participants to use technology devices in housing units, providing access to education programs in the community, broadcasting instruction to multiple facilities, and strengthening participants' digital literacy skills. To build on this momentum and lessons learned from the pandemic, the article also summarizes how correctional education leaders can support technology in correctional facilities through professional development, partnerships, informed technology selection, and evaluation.

This study aims to reveal the school-related problems experienced by students of inclusive education in primary school from the perspective of parents, in an effort to offer solutions to these problems. In line with this purpose, the opinions of parents in Türkiye regarding primary school inclusive education were obtained in the context of physical, behavioural and psychosocial problems. A total of 128 parents of students in inclusive education in primary school from 1st grade (32), 2nd grade (34), 3rd grade (30) and 4th grade (32) participated in this study. Besides employing the descriptive research design, this study used the "Parents' Awareness Scale for Inclusive Education" in order to collect data, which was then processed with descriptive analysis. A number of suggestions were made based on the results obtained, which indicated that inclusive education had positive impact on children in terms of academic, social, behavioural and psychological aspects during the primary school period, and that inclusive education was supported by parents.

In recent years, Forest Education has gained increasing traction around the world. Yet its unique features, as well as their relations with other outdoor environmental education approaches, remain undertheorized. This study explores the pedagogical practices of one emerging strand of Forest Education, and the epistemology underpinning it, in order to better position it with respect to other environmental education approaches. The study is based on ethnographic fieldwork that included participatory observations and interviews in a leading Israeli Forest Education organization. We identified four key pedagogical practices: outdoor play, primitive skills and crafts, sensing, and dwelling. These, we argue, reflect an epistemology in which knowledge and learning are situated in the immediate embodied context and sensory experiences, and are intended to facilitate a meaningful connection with nature. This epistemology prioritizes such modes of learning over abstraction, generalization and transfer, which are often central to science-oriented environmental education approaches.

Purpose: There is limited scholarship on artificial intelligence (AI) in higher education governance, despite the growing prevalence of AI-powered technologies in many fields, including education. However, as the technology is still nascent and has yet to reach its full potential, ideas and arguments abound, championing or cautioning against the use of these technologies. Design/Approach/Methods: To fill this gap in research on policy networks and AI in British higher education, this article employs network ethnography and discourse analysis to study how ideas about AI-powered technologies in higher education circulate in policy networks in the United Kingdom. Findings: The findings evidence a policy network showing signs of a heterarchy permeated by neoliberal rationales and populated by policy actors actively promoting artificial intelligence technologies to be used in education. Originality/Value: This paper builds on existing research by looking at the university and not-for-profit sectors, in addition to the governmental and educational technology sectors. Using network ethnography, this article expands our understanding of the policy actors involved and critically analyzes ideas regarding the use of AI in education.

In international philosophy of music education, there are some philosophers who are important points of reference. One of them is the German Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). While his philosophy is complex, an oversimplified understanding of his ideas turned him into the "bad guy" of international music education philosophy, being in favor for instance of art for its own sake. His assumed ideas are thought to be the foundation of aesthetic education, in opposition to music education concepts promoting praxis and social change. The prominent role Kant plays leads to questions: Can an eighteenth-century philosopher be blamed for twentieth-century music education concepts and their supposed aberrations? And what did Kant really say? By addressing these and related questions, this paper offers fresh perspectives on Kant's original concept and the role his assumed ideas play in international music education philosophy, aiming at revising some discourses around them. Furthermore, Kant as a case in point, can lead to general considerations about the function of philosophy in music education philosophy.

Teacher education in the United States operates within the same politically polarized and tense contexts as schools. Research predominantly relies on the voices and experiences of scholars and professionals, despite the importance of community-engaged pedagogies and learning approaches. Collective work that bridges the roles of scholars and community activists requires a shift in how teacher education is conceptualized for a new generation of intersectionality-focused anti-racist and anti-ableist teachers and teacher educators. Centering the knowledge of disabled activists, poverty scholars, and community scholars in partnership with educational professionals, we introduce Disability Centered Culturally Sustaining Pedagogies (DCCSPs), a conceptual framework and pedagogical application integrating Disability Critical Race Theory and culturally sustaining pedagogies in teacher education. We outline the critical need for this theory in teacher education in the United States and globally, opportunities for practical integration, and conclude with future directions.

This paper offers a brief personal reflection on some leadership related observations from work as an early childhood teacher educator over the past thirty years. Te Tiriti o Waitangi education is a specific area that has previously not been sufficiently prioritised and has only comparatively recently been affirmed in government policy as a key focus of education henceforth. This paper reflects on some of the underlying reasons for this omission within education, pointing to notions of white supremacy in the colonialist assumption of sovereignty and ongoing racism that has negatively impacted on educational experiences and outcomes for Maori in Aotearoa and has also resulted in the degradation of our environment despite Tiriti o Waitangi assurances about the sustenance of rangatiratanga and protection of taonga which should have supported ongoing kaitiakitanga of te taiao. Some hopeful recent policy initiatives are acknowledged. It finishes with recognition of the current climate emergency and the need for urgent educational leadership required in response.

In the spring of 2022, we (a teacher-educator from the USA and a Kachin graduate research assistant) interviewed 14 participants from Myanmar who were engaging in an unprecedented educational re-imagining during the Spring Revolution following the 2021 military coup that gripped the county. Three preliminary findings of our study focus on creativity in crisis in higher education, which we categorized as actors, actions, and procedures, or who, what, and how. 'Who' refers to actors and their creativity in forming new alliances among inter-ethnic and inter-generational educators and activists to remake education. 'What' refers to creativity in content in addressing inequity and 'fake history' in the national curriculum. 'How' addresses creativity in the delivery of education in the midst of extreme challenges and opposition. This look into the way crises can lead to creativity in education, with a focus on higher education, presents a unique opportunity to witness how grassroots actors in Myanmar are seeking to transform higher education in a 'radical bureaucratic overhaul,' as one participant put it, making it more inclusive, critical, and just.

The teacher is key to reforming K-12 science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education for all students (Powell et al., 2018) in the United States, and a catalyst for a competitive workforce and economic development. Reports based on Free or Reduced-Price Lunch (FRPL) and percent schools offering STEM courses, along with FRPL and per pupil expenditure in science adjusted for inflation, show disparity between the highest and lowest quartiles (U.S. Government Accountability Office, 2018; Banilower et al., 2018). Strategies to promote STEM for All and turn STEM education into a dependable human resource pipeline for a competitive workforce and economic development are discussed. The strategies include, promoting diversity and inclusion towards STEM for All, providing adequate STEM teacher training, increasing teacher retention in STEM subjects, and building a supportive environment for STEM teachers and teachers in general. These strategies are essential to connecting K-12 STEM education, a competitive workforce, and economic development.

The goal with the study reported on here was to determine pre-service music teachers' views regarding the effectiveness,utility, and sufficiency of technology use in music education as well as the associations between their personality traits andtheir attitudes towards this use. The participants were 224 pre-service teachers studying in music teacher trainingprogrammes in Türkiye. The use of technology in music education questionnaire, the big 5 inventory and the attitude towardsusing technology in music education scale were used as survey instruments to collect the data. The results reveal thatattitudes towards using technology in music education showed a positive relation with openness, and a negative relation withneuroticism. A qualified majority of pre-service music teachers think that technology is beneficial and that they can usetechnology effectively in music education. Nonetheless, the majority of pre-service music teachers still thought thateducational technologies were used inadequately during their music education.