Education & Pedagogy

Reviews several references focusing on words and phrases in the American language which have nautical origins (sailing, whaling, navigation, ship-building and others) and have since lost their nautical connections. Also includes examples from the references such as "slush fund", "posh", and "windfall." (JN)

John Rawls has formulated two principles to capture our intuitions about justice and to guide us in efforts to realize it in society. Although he may consider the present distribution of resources for education just, a much more nearly equal distribution is both desirable and more consistent with Rawls' principles. (Author/BRR)

Two perspectives in the debate on funding for higher education are discussed: (1) that higher education has an extrinsic (economic) value to justify expenditures, and (2) the more radical idea that higher education serves purposes of social and cultural reproduction, and expenditure can be legitimated on socio-political grounds. (MSE)

This study synthesizes published and unpublished research on the effects of adaptive education on student outcomes. The study found adaptive education affects student outcomes positively and suggests that tailoring instruction to individual students is more effective than traditional educational methods. (MD)

Examines the evidence on the effects of giving information about drugs as part of drug education programs. Discusses the impact of information on knowledge, attitudes, and behavior surrounding drugs and drug use. Concludes that the effects of drug information on behavior are best regarded as unpredictable. (BH)

This article places continuing professional education evaluation in perspective and provides practical guidance to practitioners of continuing professional education who wish to improve the quality of their decision making. Examines evaluation methods and procedures, basic guidelines, self-directed learning, program improvement, and impact studies. (CT)

A theory and application course, allowing physical education student teachers to find their strengths and weaknesses in locating, reviewing, and communicating selected material and providing opportunities to integrate physical education concepts while trying to put theory into practice, is described and evaluated. (MT)

Administered a questionnaire designed to measure consumer health knowledge and behavior to 200 randomly selected university students and 200 randomly selected high school students. Results demonstrated the consumer is hard pressed to stay informed and protected in the marketplace and needs guidance. (Author/BH)

As the number of outdoor and adventure organizations using wild lands increases, certification of outdoor leaders is perhaps one technique to increase awareness of potential wilderness hazards and to minimize damage to wilderness areas. The Wilderness Education Association's certification is described. (MT)

This paper describes beginning teachers' assumptions about children's social and moral behavior and presents a model of what children are like socially and morally. Implications of these descriptions for teacher education and classroom practice are discussed. (MT)

A study was conducted regarding salaries of health, physical education, recreation, and dance program administrators at higher education institutions. A secondary purpose was to collect data that might influence salary--gender, administrative structures, title, age, geographic location, size and type of institution. Results are presented. (DF)

Describes several current participatory displays in a variety of subject areas in museums across the United States. Museum resources of value to teachers and students are outlined, e.g., student workshops and classes, museum libraries, and creative museum staff. A directory of interactive museums is provided. (MBR)

The curriculum development process leading to Bradford College's new Practical Liberal Arts Education plan, an interdisciplinary core curriculum focusing on the theme of the common bonds of human beings, is discussed. (MSE)

Some of the programs in general internal medicine are now reaching the point at which surveys of graduates can help assess program strengths and weaknesses. A survey of graduates from the University of Colorado School of Medicine is described. (MLW)

Results of a questionnaire completed by 116 elementary secondary school teachers show that three teacher demographic factors (attendance at inservice training covering special education topics, ethnic background, and age), in addition to two classroom background factors (number of mainstreamed students and student age), increased the number of special education referrals made. (Author/CL)