Economics & Development

The development objective of the Bangladesh Resilient Urban and Territorial Development Project for Bangladesh is to enhance access to climate resilient urban infrastructure and services in selected clusters and to strengthen urban management capacity in selected urban centers. The additional financing is requested to replenish resources that were repurposed to activate the Bangladesh Contingent Emergency Response Project and to address the resulting financing gap without changing the project’s scope, while also redesignating Thakurgaon and Faridpur as nodal cities to reflect their strategic roles along the economic corridor. The Bank will continue supporting climate resilient urban services and infrastructure through investments in roads and connectivity, drainage and flood management, pedestrian walkways and footpaths, markets, public buildings, parks and open spaces, and nature-based solutions, alongside regional and cross-cluster infrastructure that strengthens urban rural linkages. Institutional strengthening will be advanced through Performance Based Conditions on operation and maintenance and climate sensitive urban planning, capacity development in urban management, technical assistance for cluster level and municipal planning, and sustained project management, monitoring and evaluation, fiduciary, and environmental and social risk management, implemented by the Local Government Engineering Department through the existing Project Management Unit and municipal Project Implementation Units. The project intends to directly benefit approximately 17 million people, including women and vulnerable groups, by improving climate resilience and service quality, increasing own source revenues of participating urban local bodies by twenty percent from baseline, delivering nodal city development plans that integrate cluster development and climate resilience, establishing Town Level Coordinating Committees with at least one third female membership and a female co chair, generating more and better paid job equivalents linked to transport and drainage improvements, and maintaining robust citizen engagement, grievance redress, and independent verification of results, while retaining the Contingent Emergency Response Component to enable rapid response to eligible crises.

This document outlines the procurement plan for advancing public sector accounting and reporting in Albania under the Europe and Central Asia region. It serves as a project planning and administrative record for public sector financial management initiatives.

An audited financial statement report for the Palestinian Emergency Financing Facility in the West Bank and Gaza. The document details financial administration and oversight related to regional development projects.

This document is an audited financial statement for the Digitalizing Employment Services project in Tunisia. It covers public administration, social protection, and ICT services in the region.

پیشگفتار این اثر یک گزارش جامع در مورد وضعی ت اقتصاد افغانستان ارائه م یدهد. گزارش پیشرفت اقتصادی افغانستان تحوالت اقتصادی اخی ر و چشم انداز می ان مدت افغانستان را در بر میگیرد. هر نسخه آن شامل بخش های وی ژه ای است که تحلی ل های عمی قی از موضوعات خاص ارائه میدهند. گزارش پیشرفت اقتصادی افغانستان برای مخاطبان مختلف، از جمله پالیسی سازان، تمویل کنندگان، سکتور خصوصی و تحلی لگران و کارشناسان فعال در اقتصاد افغانستان طراحی شده است. این گزارش توسط مامادو ندیون )اقتصاددان ارشد، 1ESAC و رهبر تیم(، سیلویا ردائلی )اقتصاددان ارشد، ESAPV و سرپرست رئیس برنامه(، عبدالرحمن رحیمی )اقتصاددان1،ESAC ) نموس ظه یر )کارشناس ارشد بخش مالی، 1ESAF)، وسیم شاهد ملک )مشاور 1ESAC )آرویند نیر )اقتصاددان ارشد، 1ESAC)، اسکار ادواردو باریگا کابالی )اقتصاددان، ESAPV )آمنه سحر )مشاور1،ESAC ) و صنم کوهستانی )مشاور، 1ESAC )تهیه گردیده است. همچنان این گزارش تحت راهنمایی فاریس اچ .حداد-زیروس )رئیس برای دفتر افغانستان، SACKB )متیو ای ورگیس )رئیس منطقوی برای رشد عادالنه، مالیه و نهادها( و شبیح علی محب )مدیر اجرایوی، 1ESAC ) تهیه شده است. این تیم توسط مشود احمد اعوان (SACKB (و کبیر پویا )دستیار برنامه، SACKB ) مورد حمایت قرار گرفته است.

This procurement plan outlines the strategy and schedule for goods, works, and services related to the strengthening of the Arequipa and Colca priority tourist destination in Peru. It provides details on project implementation and procurement methods under the Latin America and Caribbean region project.

This document outlines the procurement plan for the Forest and Savanna Restoration Investment Program in the Democratic Republic of Congo under the Eastern and Southern Africa region.

Public pension schemes that rely on payroll deductions have failed to achieve adequate coverage in low and middle-income countries, and population aging in many countries will outpace coverage expansion with serious social consequences. Policy responses must address the twin objectives of poverty alleviation and consumption smoothing. An integrated social pension financed with general revenues can reduce old age poverty while limiting the distortions caused by minimum pensions within contributory schemes. Consumption smoothing requires a new approach to replace wage-based contributions. Technological advances in tax administration that make individualized VAT payments possible facilitate a shift from wage to consumption-financed pensions (CFPs). Such a shift would automatically increase coverage and reduce reliance on increasingly problematic labor taxes.

This document is a restructuring paper for the Tunisia Energy Sector Improvement Project, focusing on public administration in energy and extractives, renewable energy solar, and energy transmission and distribution.

This report examines the socioeconomic conditions of refugees and asylum seekers in Malaysia, where 191,710 individuals were registered with UNHCR as of July 2024. Despite being allowed to remain in the country on humanitarian grounds, refugees face significant challenges due to the absence of a formal refugee policy, including restricted access to legal employment, education, social protection, and financial services. The report highlights ongoing policy discussions regarding refugees’ right to work and the potential contribution of refugees to addressing labor market needs. Drawing on findings from the Hosts and Refugees in the Malaysian Economy (HARMONY) Survey, the study provides the first systematic comparison of refugee and host community households in Malaysia. Conducted between December 2023 and April 2024 across Johor, Pulau Pinang, Selangor, and Kuala Lumpur, the survey assesses refugees’ human capital, employment conditions, and economic well-being. The report offers evidence to inform policies aimed at improving refugees’ access to productive and decent work while strengthening understanding of the socioeconomic relationships between refugee and host communities.

Over the past decade, Haiti’s international migration landscape has grown in scale, diversified in terms of geographic destinations, and increased in complexity. Successive and overlapping crises, including political instability, economic decline, recurrent natural disasters, and escalating insecurity have driven one of the most rapid and sustained increases in emigration recorded in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region. The scale and diversity of these movements have outpaced the institutional frameworks designed to monitor and govern them, creating significant gaps and limiting the country’s capacity to harness migration as a resource for development. This report offers a comprehensive diagnostic of Haitian international migration examining current trends in emigration flows and their human capital consequences, the drivers and modalities of migration across key destination countries, the structural role of remittances in the Haitian economy, and the dynamics of return migration and internal displacement. It gives particular attention to the development consequences of large scale skilled emigration, the largely unrealized potential of a growing and professionally diverse diaspora, and the humanitarian implications of forced returns and insecurity driven displacement. Drawing on these findings the report proposes a sequenced, evidence grounded policy reform agenda oriented toward reducing vulnerabilities, strengthening migration governance, and progressively transforming Haiti’s mobility crisis into a driver of sustainable development.

The objective of the project is to enhance İzmir’s resilience against a wide range of hazards including natural and human-made disasters and strengthen the capacity of disaster response personnel through training programs focused on risk-informed decision-making, crisis communication, psychological resilience, and raise public awareness of especially on vulnerable individuals (children, elderly, people with disabilities, etc.). This objective is achieved by developing a comprehensive assessment and conducting capacity building activities through tailored activities Component 1: Country-specific technical assistance for enhanced communication skills and crisis management measures focusing on vulnerable people. The analysis, findings, can inform national-level approaches on those key topics.

An audited financial statement concerning the Comprehensive Early Childhood Development project in El Salvador, focusing on public administration and education initiatives. The document details financial records for the World Bank-supported program in the Latin America and Caribbean region.

On September 30, 2026, the Executive Directors, on an absence-of-objection basis, approved an investment in Kazakhstan for the Advancing Learning, Entrepreneurship, and Markets for Artificial Intelligence Project.

On September 30, 2026, the Executive Directors approved on an absence-of-objection basis a document titled Inspection Panel: Dasu Hydropower Stage I Project for Construction of a Transmission Line (P167843) - Request for Postponement of the Management Response, recorded as R2026-0250 and dated September 24, 2026. The approval concerns a procedural request related to the Inspection Panel process for the Dasu Hydropower Stage I transmission line project, authorizing a postponement of the Management Response timeline as outlined in the submitted document.