2025年社会保护状况报告 : 20亿人的挑战 - 摘要

Overview & Synopsis

This report documents advances and challenges to strengthening low- and middle-income countries' social protection and labor systems. It discusses ways to gradually close the coverage gap to protect the world’s poorest households. The report documents progress about all three pillars of social protection, social assistance, social insurance, and labor market and employment programs, and looks at both coverage and adequacy of benefits.3 In doing so, it aligns with the concept of universal social protection, which refers to a nationally defined system of integrated policies and programs that provide equitable access to social protection for all people, safeguarding them against poverty and risks to their livelihoods and well-being throughout their lives, and helping them to access productive work (USP2030, n.d.). The concept of universal social protection recognizes that comprehensive and effective coverage can be provided only through a system that combines and integrates support through contributory and noncontributory schemes and programs that enhance human capital, productive assets, and access to jobs. This report highlights four policy action areas governments can embrace to maximize the benefits of adequate social protection for all. The path to more and better social protection will depend on each country’s context, capacity, and fiscal space. Although the precise investments and reforms will have to be country-specific, each path needs to lead to a social protection system in which support is targeted to people’s specific needs and vulnerabilities, tailored to people’s profiles, and delivered on time. Achieving this goal requires addressing coverage, service delivery, adequacy of benefits, program mix, shock responsiveness, and the financing needed to deliver more and better social protection.