Cross-Platform Application Migration to HarmonyOS: An Agentic Pipeline with Artifact-Derived Verification

Overview & Synopsis

The migration of applications written for a different platforms like Android or iOS to HarmonyOS NEXT requires a complete rewrite in ArkTS. Although LLMs automate the translation of source constructs into ArkTS, syntactic compilation is not enough and functional assurance is a critical open challenge in HarmonyOS NEXT migration. We present HMOS~Migrator, an agentic pipeline that reads an application's source code, generates an ArkTS project, and validates the result by replaying recorded interactions on a real device. We cast the scoring problem as quality estimation without a reference implementation; we score a migration using only the source application's recorded behaviour and the artifacts produced by the pipeline. We define seven weighted metrics, each constructed so that reduced measurement cannot artificially raise the score. Over twelve runs across six open-source applications, the pipeline's structural reproduction is high (completeness \pct{83.3}--\pct{100.0}), while on-device behaviour (\pct{4.3}--\pct{63.1}) and UI fidelity (\pct{21.1}--\pct{63.2}) remain the primary limits. Scores improve steadily over time: $+0.45$~points per day overall ($R^2=0.44$, $p=0.019$) and $+0.47$ over the model-free subset ($R^2=0.39$, $p=0.029$), with corresponding to fit angles of $+8.4^{\circ}$ and $+11.7^{\circ}$ respectively.