Science & Mathematics

Seven bass, dr02, irregular, West Stars panyard, 17 Parakeet Ave, River Estate, Diego Martin

This paper presents a law of large numbers result, as the size of the population tends to infinity, of SIR stochastic epidemic models, for a population distributed over L distinctpatches(withmigrationsbetweenthem)and K distinctgroups(possiblyagegroups). The limit is a set of Volterra-type integral equations, and the result shows the effects of both spatial and population heterogeneity. The novelty of the model is that the infectivity of an infected individual is infection age dependent. More precisely, to each infected individual is attached a random infection-age dependent infectivity function, such that the various random functions attached to distinct individuals are i.i.d.The proof involves a novel construction of a sequence of i.i.d. processes to invoke the law of large numbers for processes in D, by using the solution of a MacKean-Vlasov type Poisson-driven stochastic equation (as in the propagation of chaos theory). We also establish an identity using the Feynman-Kac formula for an adjoint backward ODE. The advantage of this approach is that it assumes much weaker conditions on the random infectivity functions than our earlier work for the homogeneous model in [20], where standard tightness criteria for convergence of stochastic processes were employed. To illustrate this new approach, we first explain the new proof under the weak assumptions for the homogeneous model, and then describe the multipatch-multigroup model and prove the law of large numbers for that model.

We combined different experimental techniques with a theoretical approach to determine a consistent set of diagram lines energies and binding energies. We propose an original approach consisting in determining the mass attenuation coefficients in an energy range covering the L-, M- and N- absorption edges, ncluding a detailed evaluation of the associated uncertainties, to derive precisely the binding energies. We investigated the Lα, Lβ and M spectra of Gd with an independantly calibrated high-resolution antiparallel double-crystal x-ray spectrometer. All the lines were identified and found in excellent agreement with the binding energies previously derived. Morever, we identified for the first time M5 − O2, M4 − O2,3 and M4 − N2,3 diagram lines.

The Tablada de Lurín cemetery (200 BC-AD 200; Lima, Peru) is characterised by two mortuary phases. Based on associated grave finds and the lack of habitation sites near the cemetery, it has been hypothesised that both burial populations came from a certain distance of the site (ca. 20 km) and that they relied on land rather than marine resources. We tested these hypotheses, based on material culture, through stable isotope analysis. The aim was to understand the populations' diet and geographic origins. We sampled 47 human individuals and eleven sets of faunal remains from both phases for stable isotope analysis (carbon, nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen) of bone and dental collagen, and apatite. Modern samples of autochthonous food were also tested as a baseline for comparison. The results showed preservation differences between the remains from both phases. Individuals from Phase 1 provided the best isotopic dataset and showed consumption of protein from marine resources and C 4 plants. On the other hand, bioapatite carbon and oxygen stable isotope results from both phases highlighted differences in C 4 plant consumption and individuals of possible non-local origin. The results underline the need to study further the effect of brewed or cooked beverages on bioapatite oxygen levels. Finally, results from Phase 1 fit with the broader dietary pattern evident in other Andean sites, where coastal populations consumed marine protein and C 4 plants, as opposed to highland populations who relied on terrestrial protein sources and C 3 plants.

Panyard, Free Lancers Pan Groove panyard, Prince & Duncan street, Port of Spain

L'obiettivo di questo contributo è analizzare il passo della Refutatio omnium haeresium (I 22, 5 = 340 Usener) al fine di verificare se e in quale misura esso sia coerente con la psicologia epicurea. In primo luogo, si fornisce un résumé del dibattito sull'identità (metodo, temi e stile) dell'autore dell'opera. In secondo luogo, si propone un confronto tra il contenuto del passo preso in esame e la dottrina epicurea. Il risultato di tale studio ha evidenziato che 1) la teoria secondo la quale " le anime sono sangue " , menzionata nel luogo in esame, sembra essere in contraddizione con la dottrina epicurea dell'anima, ma che, tuttavia, 2) alcune teorie a cui l'autore fa riferimento sono compatibili con la psicologia epicurea. La soluzione che qui si propone è che il significato della teoria dell'anima-sangue debba essere inteso in senso metaforico. È probabile, quindi, che attraverso questa analogia * Desidero ringraziare il Dr. Francesco Verde per l'aiuto e i preziosi consigli ricevuti. Ringrazio, inoltre, i revisori anonimi per i loro suggerimenti utili e puntuali che mi sono stati di grande aiuto nel tentare di chiarire alcuni dei punti più oscuri e complessi del mio studio.

Notre poster présente une recherche récente inscrite dans un Léa adossée à l’IFé, intitulé " LéA Le défi du changement climatique (DEFICLIM). Cette recherche collaborative réunit trois établissements de l'enseignement agricole et cinq enseignants chercheurs de l'Ecole nationale supérieure de formation agricole, portée par l'Unité mixte de recherche Éducation Formation Travail Savoirs (EFTS). L’enseignement agricole est ancré par essence dans un contexte économique, sociétal et environnemental, auquel il doit s’adapter en permanence. Confrontés à une urgence climatique mondiale, le traitement à l’école de la question du changement représente un enjeu éducatif majeur. L’éducation au changement climatique fait face à de nombreux défis liés à la complexité des aspects scientifiques et sociétaux. Les incertitudes socio-scientifiques, constituent des obstacles d’ordre épistémologiques, méthodologiques et didactiques auxquels font face les enseignants pour traiter cette thématique avec leurs élèves. Cette thématique émerge progressivement dans les programmes scolaires de l’enseignement agricole. Son enseignement suppose non seulement une actualisation des connaissances dispensées, mais également un renouvellement des pratiques didactiques et pédagogiques. Partant de ce diagnostic, l’objectif de notre recherche est d’élaborer un modèle, interprétatif de la faisabilité pour traiter la thématique du changement climatique dans la perspective de sa généralisation, et d’évaluer sa pertinence, son efficacité et son efficience, de ce qu’on pourrait qualifier, de manière totalement contextualisée, c’est à dire à un moment et dans des conditions données (institutionnelles, humaines, matérielles, territoriales…), de curriculum « possible » et « potentiel », explicatif ou prédictif des réalisations et de leurs significations, dans leurs tendances, leurs limites et traits marquants, leurs différences enfin avec le formel et les possibles (Lange et Victor, 2004 ; Lange et Martinand, 2014). La méthodologie adoptée sera celle de la multiréférentialité (Simonneaux et al., 2006). Une analyse comparative sera menée à différentes échelles et dans une variété de contextes. Les croyances, les représentations et les connaissances, les modes de raisonnements des acteurs de l’enseignement ne pourront selon nous être analysés indépendamment des contraintes territoriales et organisationnelles locales ainsi que les finalités et implications de l’institution dans lesquelles elles s’expriment. Ce projet permettra de mesurer l'influence de ces variables contextuelles sur (1) l'augmentation des connaissances des élèves sur le réchauffement climatique ; (2) le changement de leurs attitudes pour qu'elles soient plus favorables à l'environnement et (3) l'identification de la relation entre les connaissances et les attitudes. Nous apporterons un éclairage particulier du côté des pratiques pédagogiques des enseignants pour accompagner la thématique du changement climatique et du côté des apprenants.

Le plan de gestion de données de l'unité est un document cadre décrivant le cycle de vie des données produites ou utilisées dans le collectif. Le PGD de l'IEPL se décline en 2 grands produits de recherche : - les données intégrées dans un Systèmes d’Informations et Calcul pour le Phénotypage Animal (SICPA) : SICPA Bovins, SICPA Ovins-caprins, SICPA Sanitaire et Alimentation, SICPA Parcelles et SICPA Environnement. Les 2 premiers étant des SICPA espèces et les derniers des SICPA multi-espèce. - les données qui n'intègrent pas de SICPA et dont la gestion relève de système mis en place à l'IEPL. Ce plan de gestion de données pourra servir de référence pour l'élaboration de plan de gestion de données de projet.

Les entreprises sont exposées aux évolutions du monde externe, à la compétitivité et à des ruptures qui peuvent être des menaces ou des opportunités selon l’utilisation qu’elles font de leurs ressources, leur aptitude à se construire et assurer l’implémentation de progrès souhaitables et nécessaires. Certaines organisations privées ou publiques doivent en outre répondre à des impératifs visant notamment à assurer une bonne gouvernance et le respect de directives relatives à une utilisation harmonieuse et adaptée de leurs ressources et budgets pour maximiser l’apport de valeur et l’efficacité ou l’efficience de l’organisation tout en minimisant les risques face à des enjeux importants de transformation. Dans ce contexte, certaines organisations tentent de se structurer et de se développer en recourant à différentes approches comme l'Architecture d'Entreprise ou l'Urbanisation des Systèmes d’Information. Plus précisément sur ce point, certaines entreprises et organisations s’engagent dans des démarches d’évaluation de la maturité en Architecture d’Entreprise afin d’estimer à l'aide d'une approche spécifique et selon différentes modalités, leur niveau de développement relatif à l’aptitude à construire une entreprise ou une organisation (notamment à l’aide de ressources, moyens, processus et capabilités) en mesure de proposer des solutions pertinentes et adaptées à un public cible. En d’autres termes, l’évaluation de la maturité en Architecture d’Entreprise permet d’estimer le niveau de développement d’une organisation et d’accompagner son développement, face à des enjeux et objectifs d’évolutions, à travers un cycle renouvelé constitué de phases d’évaluation du niveau de développement suivi de progrès à implémenter et d’un état cible à viser. Une étude est donc réalisée, sur ce sujet, afin, dans un premier temps, d’analyser et de présenter 8 approches d'évaluation de la maturité en Architecture d'Entreprise et en Urbanisation des Systèmes d’Information. Dans un second temps ces approches sont comparées de façon détaillée. Dans un temps successif, une approche mixte d'évaluation de la maturité en Architecture d'Entreprise est enfin proposée afin de recombiner les apports des approches mis en évidence et d’intégrer des contributions complémentaires pertinentes.

The availability of large annotated visual resources, such as ImageNet, recently led to important advances in image mining tasks. However, the manual annotation of such resources is cumbersome. Exploiting Web datasets as a substitute or complement is an interesting but challenging alternative. The main problems to solve are the choice of the initial dataset and the noisy character of Web text-image associations. This article presents an approach which first leverages Flickr groups to automatically build a comprehensive visual resource and then exploits it for image retrieval. Flickr groups are an interesting candidate dataset because they cover a wide range of user interests. To reduce initial noise, we introduce innovative and scalable image reranking methods. Then, we learn individual visual models for 38,500 groups using a low-level image representation. We exploit off-the-shelf linear models to ensure scalability of the learning and prediction steps. Finally, Semfeat image descriptions are obtained by concatenating prediction scores of individual models and by retaining only the most salient responses. To provide a comparison with a manually created resource, a similar pipeline is applied to ImageNet. Experimental validation is conducted on the ImageCLEF Wikipedia Retrieval 2010 benchmark, showing competitive results that demonstrate the validity of our approach.

Little is known about the price sensitivity of demand for home care of the disabled elderly. We partially ll this knowledge gap by using administrative data on the beneficiaries of the main French home care subsidy program in a department and exploiting inter|individual variation in provider prices. We address the potential endogeneity of prices by taking advantage of the unequal spatial coverage of providers and instrumenting price by the number of municipalities served by a provider. We estimate a price elasticity of around -0.4 that is significantly different from both 0 and -1. This less than proportionate response of consumption to price has implications for the efficiency and redistributive impact of variation in the level of co-payments in home care subsidy schemes.

Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer in the developed world and is characterized by acquired chemoresistance leading to an overall 5-year survival rate of about 30 %. We previously showed that Bcl-x L and Mcl-1 cooperatively protect platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells from apoptosis. Despite BH3-mimetics represent promising drugs to target Bcl-x L , anti-Mcl-1 strategies are still in pre-clinical studies and required new investigations. Calcium is a universal second messenger and dysregulation of calcium signal is often observed during carcinogenesis. As change in cytosolic free calcium concentration [Ca 2? ] i is known to control the fate of the cell by regulating Bcl-2 family members, we wonder if calcium signal could impact on Mcl-1 expression and if its pharmacological inhibition could be useful to sensitize ovarian carcinoma cells to anti-Bcl-x L strategies. We therefore studied the effect of different calcium signals inhibitors in ovarian carcinoma cell lines SKOV3 and IGROV1-R10 and analysed their effects on proliferation and Mcl-1 expression. We also exposed these cells to these inhibitors in combination with anti-Bcl-x L strategies (siR-NA or BH3-mimetic: ABT-737). We found that calcium signaling regulates Mcl-1 through translational events and a calmodulin-mediated pathway. BAPTA-AM and calmodulin inhibitor combination with ABT-737 leads to apoptosis, a process that is reversed by Mcl-1 enforced expression. As Mcl-1 represents a crucial hurdle to the success of chemotherapy, these results could open to new area of investigation using calcium modulators to directly or indirectly target Mcl-1 and thus efficiently sensitize ovarian carcinoma cells to anti-Bcl-x L strategies.

Motivated by a real problem in cold rolling of steel, we propose a design methodology of guaranteed cost controllers for descriptor type systems in presence of multiple time-varying delays. We first analyse the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the class of systems under study. This enable us to define the compatible initial conditions for this class of systems and show that for the closed-loop dynamics they depend on the controller. Consequently, we provide a methodology to avoid this dependency. Secondly, we consider the problem of designing a controller that stabilizes the system and ensures some performance guarantees. The proposed solution consists of minimizing a cost function related to the energetic aspects of the system. The main tool used for the control design is a modified Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional that takes into account the singularity of the system. Our solution can be easily implemented since the controller is obtained by solving some linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A numerical example illustrates the implementation of our results.

Site n°215, Cantabria, Municipio de Zacapu, Michoacán. S20. Structure circulaire vers Sud Sud-Ouest