Open Access Books

Currently the research field of electrochemical cells is a hotspot for scientists and engineers working in advanced frontlines of micro-, nano- and bio-technologies, especially for improving our systems of energy generation and conversation, health care, and environmental protection. With the efforts from the authors and readers, the theoretical and practical development will continue to be advanced and expanded.

Dung Beetles (Scarabaeinae) are recognized and used as one of the principal bioindicators of ecosystem health and classification. The genus Eurysternus is one of the dominant taxa of Scarabaeinae in the Neotropical region where they have a key impact on ecosystems. This book will allow for the easy identification of the 53 currently recognized species of this important genus through multilingual identification keys (French, English, Spanish and Portuguese), an extensive collection of illustrations (drawings, scanning electron micrographs and photographs) and color distributional maps. A complete taxonomic treatment of the genus and information on collecting methods, habitat and phenology are provided for all species. Data were compiled by the author from over 16 500 specimens studied.

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Comment les textes grecs et latins ont-ils réussi à traverser le temps ? Si beaucoup ont disparu, c’est souvent par miracle que les grandes œuvres des Anciens ont échappé à la destruction, aux menaces des invasions, aux incendies des bibliothèques, en Orient comme en Occident. L’ouvrage explique les conditions de la survie des textes classiques et la façon dont, dans l’Antiquité, au Moyen Âge et à la Renaissance, les érudits les ont lus, sélectionnés, commentés et copiés. Reflets des grandes étapes de la civilisation européenne, cette transmission engage une histoire de l’éducation ainsi qu’une histoire des pratiques savantes. Au xve siècle, une invention capitale change la donne : l’imprimerie facilite la diffusion des textes et a bientôt un effet profond sur le progrès et les usages de la philologie. Apparaît alors dans les pays occidentaux une res publica litterarum qui s’attache à élaborer des méthodes pour éditer ces œuvres, fondées sur la connaissance de la tradition : ces techniques font l’objet du dernier chapitre de l’ouvrage. Paru pour la première fois en 1968, Scribes and Scholars est vite devenu un classique, traduit en sept langues. Sa quatrième édition anglo-saxonne, parue en 2013, est proposée ici au public francophone dans une version revue, mise à jour et augmentée par Luigi-Alberto Sanchi et Aude Cohen-Skalli.

The Nazis’ persecution of the Jews during the Holocaust included the creation of prisoner hierarchies that forced victims to cooperate with their persecutors. Many in the camps and ghettos came to hold so-called “privileged” positions, and their behavior has often been judged as self-serving and harmful to fellow inmates. Such controversial figures constitute an intrinsically important, frequently misunderstood, and often taboo aspect of the Holocaust. Drawing on Primo Levi’s concept of the “grey zone,” this study analyzes the passing of moral judgment on “privileged” Jews as represented by writers, such as Raul Hilberg, and in films, including Claude Lanzmann’s Shoah and Steven Spielberg’s Schindler’s List. Negotiating the problems and potentialities of “representing the unrepresentable,” this book engages with issues that are fundamental to present-day attempts to understand the Holocaust and deeply relevant to reflections on human nature.

C. Richard King provides an in-depth examination of how the ongoing struggle over the Washington NFL franchise name raises questions about popular perceptions of American Indians, the cultural life of consumer brands, and existing obstacles to inclusion and equality.

Preventive detention shares many features with the quarantine measures sometimes employed in the context of infectious disease control. Both interventions involve imposing constraints on freedom of movement and association. Both interventions are standardly undeserved: in quarantine, the detained individual deserves no detention (or so I will assume), and in preventive detention, the individual has already endured any detention that can be justified by reference to desert. Both interventions are, in contrast to civil commitment under mental health legislation, normally imposed on more-or-less fully autonomous individuals. And both interventions are intended to reduce the risk that the constrained individual poses to the public. Yet despite these similarities, preventive detention and quarantine have received rather different moral report cards, with preventive detention attracting far greater criticism. One possible explanation for this is that many people implicitly endorse the view that preventive detention is always, in at least one respect, more morally problematic than quarantine. In this chapter I challenge that view by considering and rejecting six attempts to justify it, beginning with four attempts that I think can be easily dismissed, and proceeding to consider in more detail two attempts that are more resilient to criticism. Ultimately, I argue that all six attempts fail: preventive detention is not always more problematic, in one respect, than quarantine. I conclude by drawing out some implications of my argument. Of course, it does not follow from my argument that preventive detention is not in some cases more problematic than quarantine. A secondary purpose of this chapter, pursued in parallel to the first, is to identify the considerations that determine whether and when preventive detention is indeed in some respect more problematic.

Steeped in more than a decade of ethnography on the emergent middle class of Barbados, this remarkable book turns a spotlight on the entrepreneur, a figure saluted across the globe as the very embodiment of neoliberalism.

Das Jahrbuch der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf versteht sich als Forum für den wissenschaftlichen Dialog der Universität zu Zeitfragen, zu aktuellen Problemlagen und Herausforderungen von Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft, als Brücke der Vermittlung zwischen Forschung und Öffentlichkeit sowie als Gedächtnisort der Innovationen und des Fortschritts in Forschung und Lehre der Universität und als Speicher der wissenschafts- und hochschulpolitischen Entscheidungen für strukturelle Weichenstellungen mit Langzeitwirkung. Zielgruppe ist die an den Arbeitsergebnissen in Forschung und Lehre sowie an wissenschaftlichen Entscheidungen der Heinrich-Heine-Universität interessierte Öffentlichkeit. Diese soll über die Dynamik und das sich wandelnde Profil der Fakultäten kontinuierlich informiert und in die Lage versetzt werden, sich intensiver mit neuen Forschungsfragen und -ergebnissen auseinander zu setzen. Es geht vor allem darum, die Bedeutung der Forschung für die verschiedenen Lebensbereiche und damit auch für unsere gesellschaftliche Entwicklung bewusst zu machen. Die Beiträge vermitteln gleichsam als Momentaufnahme einen Ausschnitt aus dem permanenten Prozess des sich verändernden Profils der Fakultäten. Erst eine Folge von Jahrbüchern eröffnet die Chance, die Tiefe des Gesamtprofils auszuloten und dessen Nachhaltigkeit zu erkennen.

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In approaching F. M . Dostoevskij's novels with the express purpose of identifying and determining the function of literary portraiture, one is faced with an unexpected enormous gallery of literary portraits. These are verbal accounts or drawings in words, in which physical appearance and facial expression are described not only to evoke a visual image, but more specifically to discern the inner man. The vast amount of material that came to light in the pursuit of this study has necessitated a selection and omission of equally valid specimens, which would further substantiate that Dostoevskij was a close observer of the physical properties of his characters and that he employed them to delineate psychological and moral disposition.

The word "cancer" is associated with at least 100 different pathologies, depending on the organ involved and the type of tumor developed. Cancer is a complex disease involving multiple pathogenetic mechanisms. Characterization of different types of cancers, which distinguishes them from healthy cells and other cancers, allows for the identification of specific targets for each individual tumor. The principle of chemotherapy is based on interference with the mechanisms that regulate the life and proliferation of cancer cells, causing their death. In recent years, there has been continuous progress in the development of therapeutic agents against cancer, which is ongoing.The Anticancer Inhibitors Special Issue focuses on new target-based anticancer agents that inhibit a specific target involved in the suppression of various types of cancer and the control of their chemoresistance.There is a collection of research and review articles on advances in drug discovery, design, and development of new inhibitor compounds with potency against various cancer types.

The organic defense acquisition workforce oversees defense acquisition programs from start to finish. RAND has been providing ongoing analysis of the workforce. This volume documents revisions to methods summarized in an earlier report, describes the workforce through fiscal year 2011, and provides a user’s manual for a model for projecting workforce needs through 2021 under different assumptions about the future.

Die Studie von Herrn Matsumoto vermittelt deutschen Lesern einen Überblick über das japanische Sozialversicherungsrecht. Ihre Einzigartigkeit liegt in der Perspektive, die dabei eingenommen wird: Über aktuelle Reformen in Japan wird vor dem Hintergrund der Reformen in Deutschland berichtet. Das ermöglicht nicht nur einen Vergleich der in Deutschland und Japan jeweils eingeschlagenen Wege. Sondern es eröffnet sich dem deutschen Leser, der „sein“ Recht zu kennen glaubt, ein ganz neuer Blickwinkel auf dieses Recht, nämlich der des ausländischen Beobachters von außen.

The author of this thesis is aware that the above-mentioned contrastive studies deal extensively with the aspect and action type issues from their respective perspectives. Nevertheless, she has decided to take a stand on this topic herself. 1. The essay is a Germanic work that represents certain areas of the German language in contrast to Polish. 2. The aim of the work is a linguistic text analysis and not the description of the language systems. For the purposes of the essay, various texts have been selected and analyzed and described according to certain principles. Therefore, the results of the study are text corpus related. 3. The broad definition of aspectuality enables the comparison of different phenomena that are not only related to the verbal level but also take into account the contextual sentence and text levels. 4. Both translation directions Polish-German and German-Polish will be considered in the paper. Not only Polish, but also German original texts provide pertinent signals that need to be described and that can usually be found again in the translation.