Open Access Books

This study examines the influence of perspective on architecture, highlighting how critical historical changes in the representation and perception of space continue to inform the way architects design. Since its earliest developments, perspective was conceived as an exemplary form of representation that served as an ideal model of how everyday existence could be measured and ultimately judged. Temple argues that underlying the symbolic and epistemological meanings of perspective there prevails a deeply embedded redemptive view of the world that is deemed perfectible. Temple explores this idea through a genealogical investigation of the cultural and philosophical contexts of perspective throughout history, highlighting how these developments influenced architectural thought. This broad historical enquiry is accompanied by a series of case-studies of modern or contemporary buildings, each demonstrating a particular affinity with the accompanying historical model of perspective.

This is a book on the state of the art of scientific research applied to the fields of viticulture, management of the foliage, manual and mechanical harvesting, vinification techniques, the use of mixed yeast cultures, malolactic fermentation and microoxygenation. It synthetically illustrates the lines of research that the Consorzio Tuscania has co-ordinated in the four-year period 2007-2010. Each of these lines of research has been conducted in liaison with some of the most important scientific institutions in the sector: CNR Ibimet, DIPROVE (University of Milan), IASMA-FEM, University of Florence (DEISTAF, DIPSA, DIBA Departments), SAIFET (University-Polytechnic of the Marches) and DISAABA (University of Sassari). The work offer useful cues for updating the production techniques for quality red wines.

In the aftermath of the pandemic, global demand for infrastructure is booming. National plans around the world show that infrastructure is likely to provide the backbone for a resurgence in public expenditure, and to support growth in economies badly hit by the pandemic. As all the biggest powers and blocs (the EU, the US, China, and Japan) have recently announced their plans for climate or carbon neutrality, the room and need for green and sustainable infrastucture are greatly expanding. Decarbonisation and digitalisation will be underpinning this latest investment drive in infrastructure, with sustainability and ESG principles at its core. However, infrastructure expenditure will not come without risk: after the pandemic, the world will be left with the highest levels of public and private debt since World War II, and the sustainability of key investment decisions must be carefully evaluated. How to foster quality and sustainable infrastructure investment? What role for the private sector? What future for sustainable mobility? What kind of policies will countries adopt to reach carbon neutrality?

Cet ouvrage est né d’un questionnement sur la démocratie, les mouvements sociaux et l’environnement. Nous souhaitions voir comment l’action écologiste, historiquement contestataire depuis la fin des années 1960, s’était diversifiée à travers la diffusion de nouvelles pratiques, la construction de nouvelles représentations de la société et de la nature, et l’émergence d’une participation citoyenne dans le cadre de nouvelles instances liées à une certaine institutionnalisation de la question écologique.

This book covers interesting research topics and the use of natural resources for medical treatments in some severe diseases. The most important message is to have native foods which contain high amount of active compounds that can be used as a medicinal plant. Most pharmaceutical drugs were discovered from plants, and still ongoing research will have to predict such new active compounds as anti-diseases. I do believe this book will add significant knowledge to medical societies as well as can be used for postgraduate students.

From Austria to New Zealand, coalition governments often pave the road to foreign policy. In Western Europe, nearly 90 percent of postwar governments include two or more political parties. Israel, the Middle East’s only consolidated democracy according to many, has never experienced single-party rule in its history. Even the United Kingdom, known for its long streak of single-party rule, now navigates multiparty cabinets. Coalitions are everywhere, but we still have little understanding of how they act in foreign affairs. History shows that coalitions can sometime engage in powerful international commitments such as participating in military operations, but at other times, they postpone their decisions, water down their policy positions, or promise to do less than they otherwise would. What explains these differences in behavior? Governing Abroad unpacks the little-known world of coalition governments to find out. Oktay argues that the specific constellation of parties in government explains why some coalitions can make more assertive foreign policy decisions than others. Building on the rich literature in political science on coalitions, legislatures, and voting behavior, the book weaves together sophisticated statistical analyses of foreign policy events across thirty European countries alongside in-depth case studies from Denmark, the Netherlands, and Finland. It brings political parties back into the study of foreign policy, demonstrating that the size of the coalition, the ideological proximity of the governing parties, and their relationship with the parliamentary opposition together influence the government’s ability to act in the international arena. This book challenges our existing perceptions about the constraints and weaknesses of coalition governments. It sheds new light on the conditions that allow them to act decisively abroad.

This book engages with the concept, true value, and function of democracy in South Asia against the background of real social conditions for the promotion of peaceful development in the region. In the book, the issue of peaceful social development is defined as the conditions under which the maintenance of social order and social development is achieved – not by violent compulsion but through the negotiation of intentions or interests among members of society. The book assesses the issue of peaceful social development and demonstrates that the maintenance of such conditions for long periods is a necessary requirement for the political, economic, and cultural development of a society and state. Chapters argue that, through the post-colonial historical trajectory of South Asia, it has become commonly understood that democracy is the better, if not the best, political system and value for that purpose. Additionally, the book claims that, while democratization and the deepening of democracy have been broadly discussed in the region, the peace that democracy is supposed to promote has been in serious danger, especially in the 21st century. A timely survey and re-evaluation of democracy and peaceful development in South Asia, this book will be of interest to academics in the field of South Asian Studies, Peace and Conflict Studies and Asian Politics and Security.

« C’est ainsi que l’on crée un joyau ! » s’exclame euphoriquement le personnage central de La Main heureuse, manifestant par là son émerveillement devant sa mystérieuse faculté de créer, sans effort, sans peine, comme spontanément, sous la dictée du génie. Métaphoriquement, l’œuvre participe en effet chez Schoenberg au questionnement nodal, mené tout au long de sa vie, de l’origine évanescente de la création artistique. Mais si, vers 1910, le compositeur fait une absolue confiance à l’inconscient génial, il en vient peu à peu à nuancer sa position pour reconnaître puis revendiquer la participation de la conscience et de la volonté. Ce livre se propose à son tour d’interroger l’énigmatique avènement de l’œuvre d’art, les conditions à la fois historiques, biographiques, intellectuelles et esthétiques de son apparition. Et c’est précisément La Main heureuse, œuvre à travers laquelle Schoenberg avait scruté l’énigme de l’origine, qui constitue le medium de cette étude. Si l’invention artistique est bien le propre d’un esprit individuel, capable de donner une forme unique à un matériau-anciennement ou nouvellement constitué – l’œuvre est loin d’être le fruit d’une génération spontanée ; elle se nourrit tant du terreau que lui fournit la collectivité humaine – « l’air du temps » – que des mythes et archétypes, ou de l’histoire personnelle de son créateur. Ainsi toutes les forces de la collectivité humaine sont engagées au côté du créateur lui-même, et parfois même, à son insu, dans la naissance de l’œuvre d’art. C’est ce qui justifie la participation à notre étude de nombreuses disciplines intellectuelles : musicologie, littérature, histoire, philosophie, poïétique... toutes croisant leurs éclairages pour tenter de cerner au plus près, à partir du cas particulier que constitue La Main heureuse, les multiples conditions de cet avènement. Le livre s’adresse de ce fait tout autant à des musicologues qu’à des lecteurs moins spécialisés, mais intéressés par l’inscription de l’art dans l’activité humaine en général ou, plus spécifiquement, dans un moment de culture.

In this book, teachers, researchers, students, professionals, policymakers, and citizens will find meaningful reflections on the (re)construction of human relationships in today's society. The work encourages critical thinking and dialogue about interpersonal relationships across various contexts, social groups, and realities. Each chapter offers a thoughtful analysis of current issues impacting public life and reflects the broader social and digital transitions shaping our global society. The book's interdisciplinary nature, rooted in the social and human sciences, allows for a holistic understanding of interpersonal relationships. It contributes to the development of knowledge essential for fostering inclusive and democratic communities and supports person-centred approaches grounded in human rights. Human beings are inherently social. Their ability to build and maintain relationships is vital for promoting coexistence and solidarity. However, the nature of these relationships is evolving—now deeply intertwined with digital practices that reshape how we interact, communicate, and connect. As society transforms, so must our understanding of relationships, requiring ongoing analysis and reflection to ensure they align with core social values and promote well-being. The transition to a digital society poses opportunities and challenges for individuals and businesses, as well as the fabric of human and social relationships. It raises important questions about equal access, human connection, and preserving meaningful family and community bonds. Ultimately, life in a 21st-century democracy depends on promoting healthy lifestyles and reinforcing solidarity from a humanized perspective. This includes active engagement in community life and the work of civil society organizations whose fundamental purpose is to nurture cohesive, compassionate, and inclusive societies.

Zola, et la fin du siècle, cette perspective peut étonner, tant nos classifications, souvent réductrices, présupposent le déclin du naturalisme à partir des années 1890. D’autres formes tentaient alors de retenir l’attention des lecteurs et des critiques et Zola lui-même avait voulu changer de manière, se renouveler. Il avait occupé une place de choix au sein de la « république des lettres », et marqué de son empreinte les lieux et les institutions littéraires. Tout en s’engageant dans le siècle, il avait voulu préserver l’autonomie du champ. Zola « post-naturaliste » est-il toujours pour les jeunes écrivains, une sorte de géant incontournable ? Au moment où « la crise du roman » hante les discours, et où lui-même avoue sa lassitude, au moment où il est attaqué de toutes parts, notamment pendant l’affaire Dreyfus, quelle est sa place parmi ses pairs ? Cet ouvrage se propose d’étudier quelques-unes des lignes de force qui structurent le champ littéraire dans le siècle finissant, en se centrant sur une figure d’autorité, celle de Zola, devenu tout à la fois repoussoir et père d’une lignée d’héritiers. C’est bien évidemment dégager les apparentements, les zones de porosité, les instances nouvelles de légitimation. Dans une approche tout à la fois sociocritique et poéticienne, les regards croisés sur les œuvres de Zola, Rosny, Mirbeau, Bourget, Huysmans, France, Péguy ou sur les poètes naturistes cherchent à frayer de nouvelles pistes pour l’étude d’une période charnière mais peu visitée, avide de recherches et de formes nouvelles et qui pose magistralement la question de l’essence même de la littérature, de son enjeu.

The Cherokees’ “Trail of Tears” and the forced migration of other Southern tribes during the 1830s and 1840s were the most notorious consequences of Andrew Jackson’s Indian removal policy. Less well known is the fact that many tribes of the Old Northwest territory were also forced to surrender their lands and move west of the Mississippi River.By 1850, upwards of 10,000 displaced Indians had been settled “permanently” along the wooded streams and rivers of eastern Kansas. Twenty years later only a few hundred—mostly Kickapoos, Potawatomis, Chippewas, Munsees, Iowas, Foxes, and Sacs—remained.Joseph Herring’s The Enduring Indians of Kansas recounts the struggle of these determined survivors. For them, the “end of Indian Kansas” was unacceptable, and they stayed on the lands that they had been promised were theirs forever.Offering a good counterpoint to Craig Miner’s and William Unrau’s The End of Indian Kansas, Herring shows the reader a shifting set of native perspectives and strategies. He argues that it was by acculturation on their own terms—by walking the fine line between their traditional ways and those of the whites—that these Indians managed to survive, to retain their land, and to resist the hostile intrusions of the white world. The story of their epic struggle to survive will place a new set of names in the pantheon of American Indian heroes.

Women's law, gender equality and non-discrimination law have constituted fields of research at the Faculty of Law at the University of Oslo for decades. Law establishes rights and obligations, legal protections and punishments – it can create, maintain and transform society’s distribution of power and resources between individuals and groups. It is thus an important part of legal education to create understanding of how legal constructs, rules and decisions can lead to – or counteract – inequality and discrimination. This book presents various types of gender perspectives in a range of disciplines within law. The chapters cover areas within both public and private law, such as family law, administrative law, welfare law, contract law, corporate law, and criminal law. The book also includes gender perspectives in such related disciplines as legal philosophy, legal sociology, criminology, law and economics, and professional ethics for lawyers. Gender and Law: Women's, Gender and Gender-Equality Perspectives in Legal Studies has been written primarily with law students in mind, but everyone with an interest in the relationship between law, gender, society and politics will find it relevant.

There are multiple debates that in relation to the possibility of considering life as damage have occurred at a doctrinal and jurisprudential level in Colombia and in the world. Every day, hundreds of children are born with malformations not identified in the gestation period or not reported to the parents, generating the need to design substantial and procedural instruments that allow the eventual repair of the damage -considering, as warned, that life can be a damage This chapter will analyze the actions of wrongful birth, wrongful life and wrongful conception, from a historical perspective

In the early development of the modern Italian state, individual orphanages were a reflection of the intertwining of politics and charity.Nearly half of the children who lived in the cities of the late Italian Renaissance were under fifteen years of age. Grinding poverty, unstable families, and the death of a parent could make caring for these young children a burden. Many were abandoned, others orphaned. At a time when political rulers fashioned themselves as the "fathers" of society, these cast-off children presented a very immediate challenge and opportunity.In Bologna and Florence, government and private institutions pioneered orphanages to care for the growing number of homeless children. Nicholas Terpstra discusses the founding and management of these institutions, the procedures for placing children into them, the children's daily routine and education, and finally their departure from these homes. He explores the role of the city-state and considers why Bologna and Florence took different paths in operating the orphanages. Terpstra finds that Bologna's orphanages were better run, looked after the children more effectively, and were more successful in returning their wards to society as productive members of the city's economy. Florence's orphanages were larger and harsher, and made little attempt to reintegrate children into society.Based on extensive archival research and individual stories, Abandoned Children of the Italian Renaissance demonstrates how gender and class shaped individual orphanages in each city's network and how politics, charity, and economics intertwined in the development of the early modern state.

The first volume of the digital open access series examines how the Christiana Albertina (Kiel University) as an institution, with its professors and student body, positioned itself in relation to social and political phenomena of the 20th century, e.g. the Nazi past and war captivity, terrorism, the 1968 movement and the treatment of women. Four historical studies illustrate in exemplary fashion how strong the interactions between university and society have been at all times.