Open Access Books

Throughout much of the history of linguistics, grammaticality judgments – intuitions about the well-formedness of sentences – have constituted most of the empirical base against which theoretical hypothesis have been tested. Although such judgments often rest on subtle intuitions, there is no systematic methodology for eliciting them, and their apparent instability and unreliability have led many to conclude that they should be abandoned as a source of data.

Two processes have affected cities in the last twenty years: an increase of the 'mobile' population and the digital explosion, with particular attention to digital social networks. The debate, both academic and public has immediately highlighted the risky potentialities inherent in these changes, as they could be responsible for greater individualism and lack of interest in caring for their own neighbourhood. Yet, forms of urban aggregation continue to appear, even in rather innovative and spontaneous ways. It is the case of Social Streets, groups of previously unconnected neighbours, who get to know each other through Facebook and become active by promoting conviviality in the neighbourhood. This book reconstructs trough sociological lenses, the spread of the Social Street phenomenon in the three cities with the largest number of these experiences. It investigates why the spread is not homogeneous within cities. It analyses opinions and feelings of activists, understanding if and how this phenomenon produces effects on those who participate and on neighbourhoods that host them. It explores forms of mobilisation that Social Street promote for the care and sociability of their streets and neighbourhoods and how this phenomenon detaches from more traditional associative realities. Particular attention is given to the comparative approach, to understand differences between those who participate in Social Streets and those who do not, showing how urban conviviality is possible, but facilitated by some factors and hindered by others.

The introduction explains the main purpose of the project Philosophical Review in German Territories (1668-1799). It shows why philosophical reviews are not only mere intellectual modes of communication or cultural media, but as an intellectual work with their own philosophical dignity. It shows the importance of the methodology of history of knowledge in order to achieve the major objectives of the projects and the relevance of five transversal and interdisciplinary vectors of study: 1. knowledge management; 2. philosophical transfers; 3. authorities and monopolies; 4. anonymity and authorship; 5. professionalization.

Meat composition and quality are not independent of the effects of animal production systems. This is important—especially as we transition into a future where meat production, quality, and value are considered within the context of sustainable feed and supplementation selection, the enhanced management of animal genetics and husbandry practices, and the improved processing and packaging of meat products. In this book, we have presented a curated collection of research investigating animal production systems and strategies for meat processing with innovative applications to the delivery of meat products that match consumer demands (i.e., from farm to fork). This book is a valuable resource to animal and food scientists, students of agricultural science, livestock producers and farmers, as well as readers with an interest in the efficient and ethical conversion of animals into meat products for human consumption.

The chapter traces Gimbutas’ engagement with gender as a research topic, proposing that her work on European prehistory should be seen as written from a feminist point of view. It explains her contributions to rewriting prehistory from a women-centered perspective, her reinterpretations of female symbolism in early figurative art, and her implicit critique of the androcentric narratives of the development of Western civilization. It discusses also Gimbutas’ scholarly persona and the way she combined aspects of an Enlightenment ideal of disinterested perspective with a Romantic notion of scholarly discovery as divine inspiration, which she expressed through reference to the Lithuanian folk figure of a witch – the Ragana. The chapter analyzes the critiques of Gimbutas’ work and places them within the context of the changing paradigms of the discipline of archaeology. It shows how the introduction of post-structuralist feminist approaches to archaeology changed the way scholars perceive the question of gender in prehistory and, by extension, Gimbutas’ work. The chapter proposes to consider her work as a “pre-her-story” of archaeology.

Die Public Health Humanities verstehen Gesundheit und Krankheit als kulturell und sozial geprägte Phänomene. Sie ergänzen die empirisch orientierte Multidisziplin Public Health um geisteswissenschaftliche und künstlerische Perspektiven. Dabei fragen sie nach der Bedeutung des Künstlerischen für die Gesundheit, interessieren sich für moralische, soziale und kulturelle Dimensionen von Gesundheit und Krankheit in Kunst bzw. Medien und bieten theoretische Zugänge für gesundheitliche Analysen an. Bezugsdisziplinen sind u.a. Kunst-, Kultur- und Medienwissenschaften, Philosophie und Geschichte. Die Beiträger*innen leuchten das Spektrum unterschiedlicher Perspektiven und Zugänge der Public Health Humanities erstmals auf Deutsch aus.

This Special Issue provides recent advances in the use of plants for therapeutic purposes. This Special Issue collected the plants, including leaf, fruit, and others. This Special Issue's targets were crude plant extract and active principle purified from the plant. This Special Issue prompted researchers to provide each plant discovery. We are pleased to include in this Special Issue the screened Mexican plants and the halophytic plants growing in central Saudi Arabia, and so on. As a result, we have sparked scientists' interest in studying the plant for therapeutic purposes. This field necessitates network pharmacology analysis and machine-aided learning. Many disorders resistant to modern medication are looking for active principles isolated from the plants all over the world.

While the causes of rampage violence have been analysed thoroughly in diverse academic disciplines, we hardly know anything about the factors that affect their consequences for public policy. This book addresses rampage shootings in Western Europe and their conditional impact on politicization and policy change in the area of gun control. The author sets out to unravel the factors that facilitate or impede the access of gun control to the political agenda in the wake of rampage shootings and analyses why some political debates lead to profound shifts of the policy status quo, while others peter out without any legislative reactions. In so doing, the book not only contributes to the theoretical literature on crisis-induced policy making, but also provides a wealth of case-study evidence on rampage shootings as empirical phenomena. In particular, the extent to which gun control gets politicized as a policy failure can either result from a bottom-up process (event severity and media pressure) or from a top-down logic (issue ownership and the electoral cycle). Including 12 case studies on the rampage shootings which have triggered a debate over the appropriateness of the affected countries´ gun policies, it illustrates that the way political processes unfold after rampage shootings depends strongly on specific causal configurations and draws comparisons between the cases covered in the book and the way rampage shootings are typically dealt with in the United States. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of public policy, policy analysis, European Politics and more broadly to comparative politics, criminology, psychology, and sociology. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315209425, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Tematykę prezentowanej monografii można ulokować pomiędzy historią kobiet a historią nauki. Autorka wypełnia istniejącą od długiego czasu lukę badawczą w zakresie rozpoznania i charakterystyki osiągnięć kobiet oraz ich wkładu w rozwój rodzimej historiografii. Ukazuje dorobek naukowy historyczek z uwzględnieniem przeobrażeń dokonujących się zarówno w obszarze zbiorowej mentalności, jak i polityki, kultury, nauki. Przygląda się rozwojowi kobiecych karier na tle kilku epok – od okresu poprzedzającego wybuch Wielkiej Wojny (pierwsze doktoraty kobiet), przez dwudziestolecie międzywojenne (pierwsze habilitacje kobiet), po PRL (badaczki dziejów zaczęły wieńczyć swe osiągnięcia profesurą zwyczajną). Zdaniem autorki zawężenie skali obserwacji do jednej dyscypliny pozwala sformułować szersze wnioski odnoszące się do polskiej humanistyki w ogóle. Daje to możliwość uchwycenia zjawisk i prawidłowości, które stały się i nadal są udziałem kobiet w nauce. Publikacja zainteresuje historyków historiografii, specjalistów z zakresu historii kobiet i dziejów najnowszych, a także naukoznawców i antropologów.

Im Rahmen des Projekts Duncker & Humblot reprints heben wir Schätze aus dem Programm der ersten rund 150 Jahre unserer Verlagsgeschichte, von der Gründung 1798 bis zum Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs 1945. Lange vergriffene Klassiker und Fundstücke aus den Bereichen Rechts- und Staatswissenschaften, Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Geschichte, Philosophie und Literaturwissenschaft werden nach langer Zeit wieder verfügbar gemacht – und zwar sowohl gedruckt als auch in elektronischer Form. Einige Titel sind bereits erschienen. Täglich kommen weitere hinzu. Bis Ende des Jahres wird das »Duncker & Humblot reprints«-Programm auf ca. 1.500 Bände anwachsen. Möchten Sie regelmäßig über Neuerscheinungen aus dem reprints-Programm informiert werden? Dann abonnieren Sie unseren E-Mail-Benachrichtigungsdienst.

Quand il rencontre André Gide en 1929, Pierre Herbart a 26 ans. Le jeune homme intègre rapidement le cercle de ses intimes. Gide apporte son soutien à l’auteur en devenir et joue de son influence auprès de Gallimard pour obtenir la publication de son premier roman. Il lui présente en outre Élisabeth Van Rysselberghe, avec qui il a lui-même eu une fille. Pierre et Élisabeth se marient peu après. Si André Gide est un interlocuteur occasionnel de Pierre Herbart, Élisabeth Van Rysselberghe reste sa destinataire privilégiée. Malgré l’absence des lettres de celle-ci, il en ressort une correspondance mêlant l’intimité et les difficultés du couple au panorama des grands bouleversements dont Herbart est témoin durant ses voyages journalistiques : en Indochine et en Mandchourie lors de l’invasion japonaise, en URSS, où ses convictions communistes se confrontent à leurs applications, ou en Afrique française, où s’expriment ses certitudes anticoloniales. Durant plus de vingt ans de production épistolaire, Pierre Herbart présente une personnalité anxieuse et tourmentée, radicale et entière, fondamentalement fragile. Par son engagement résolu dans la Résistance et dans le journalisme militant, il révèle une authentique figure d’écrivain-aventurier, proche de celle d’un Malraux, mais plus soucieuse de liberté que de gloire.

In the last three decades, research has extensively focused on the role of Fe and other mineral nutrients in regulating biological processes, ranging from the surface to the deep ocean. This has produced major breakthroughs in our understanding of the fundamental role of those bioactive elements on the carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycles and ecosystem function. However, biological processes cannot be entirely sustained by that small set of chemical elements, and new scientific evidence suggests that trace metals other than Fe (e.g., Co, Mo and Ni) as well as essential organic growth factors (e.g., vitamins) may also be crucial in most aquatic systems.

The annual scientific conference of the Nutrition Society of New Zealand was held virtually on the 2nd and 3rd December 2021. The aim of the annual conference is to foster discussion and disseminate the results of nutrition-related research. The conference also provides an opportunity for those working in practice to share their experiences and keep up to date with scientific advancements. The theme of the conference was ‘Reconnecting – Tūhono’. One hundred and sixty-nine delegates attended over the two days. The programme comprised five plenary sessions, five concurrent oral sessions, and twenty-three short, prerecorded videos, with the latter serving as a replacement for the traditional poster format. Highlights of the five plenary sessions included presentations on food sovereignty by Dr Bevan Eruti and Christina McKerchar; women’s health by Dr Megan Ogilvie and Dane Baker; sustainable diets by Dr Brent Clothier, Dr Nick Smith, and Dr Cristina Cleghorn; healthy environments for children by Jasmin Jackson; and the gut–brain axis and future foods by Dr Pramod Gopal, Tracey Bear, and Dr Jocelyn Eason. The Muriel Bell Lecture entitled ‘Lick the plate clean: the intersection of food, nutrition, and waste’ was presented by Professor Sheila Skeaff of the Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago.

« Le roi en son duché ». En faisant référence, par analogie, à la célèbre formule du xiiie siècle selon laquelle « le roi de France est empereur en son royaume », ce livre veut identifier les éléments de la présence royale en Bretagne durant la seconde partie de ce que l’historiographie appelle « l’âge d’or capétien ». Alors que le processus de construction de l’État royal est patiemment mis en œuvre par les souverains capétiens, le cas de la Bretagne constitue un formidable laboratoire où il est possible d’apprécier l’intégration du duché et de son aristocratie au sein du royaume de France. Les mécanismes identifiés par l’historiographie récente (dans les domaines judiciaire, juridictionnel, fiscal, monétaire et militaire) y trouvent une traduction territoriale, notamment par le biais de l’approche cartographique fondée sur l’exploitation de sources souvent inédites. La démarche de l’ouvrage passe par l’analyse du jeu des acteurs : les nobles et les ecclésiastiques, bretons et non bretons ; le duc de Bretagne ; le roi de France et ses officiers. Sur le plan territorial, la pesée de cette intégration au royaume permet d’établir une tripartition du duché éloignée des regards traditionnels qui opposent haute et basse Bretagne : un nord où les marqueurs de la présence du pouvoir royal sont particulièrement visibles ; une partie orientale qui profite de liens étroits noués avec d’importants lignages normands, angevins et poitevins ; enfin, un sud, cœur du domaine ducal plus éloigné du pouvoir royal.

This Special Issue reprint book features a broad scope of contributions that highlight current accomplishments and provide readers with some perspective on the direction of research on magnesium alloys in the near future with respect to global challenges. The papers included in the book report on state-of-the-art methods and research trends regarding the microstructure, properties and industrial application of magnesium alloys for use in lightweight structures across several industries.