Open Access Books

Covid-19 has dramatically shown some of the limits of our cities. Labor market, tourism, service sector have suffered a backlash that can be read as an “explosion” of pre-existing inequalities. The slow and progressive process of recovery we are experiencing let us talk about a “post-Covid” phase, characterized by a forced coexistence with the coronavirus and its mutations, while the health emergency still affects the organization of urban life. Adopting a multidisciplinary perspective, this book provides a wide reflection on the multifaceted impacts of the pandemic on the city of Bologna. On the one hand, the chapters show how people are not “all on the same boat” in the pandemic context, with pre-existing inequalities and other vulnerabilities contributing to determine different individual experiences and outcomes. On the other hand, many authors illustrate how the socio-economic fabric of the city has given proof of resilience, with new perspective of social and territorial development in the fields of technological innovation and sustainable mobility.

During the late eighteenth century, a musical–cultural phenomenon swept the globe. The English square piano—invented in the early 1760s by an entrepreneurial German guitar maker in London—not only became an indispensable part of social life, but also inspired the creation of an expressive and scintillating repertoire. Square pianos reinforced music as life’s counterpoint, and were played by royalty, by musicians of the highest calibre and by aspiring amateurs alike. On Sunday, 13 May 1787, a square piano departed from Portsmouth on board the Sirius, the flagship of the First Fleet, bound for Botany Bay. Who made the First Fleet piano, and when was it made? Who owned it? Who played it, and who listened? What music did the instrument sound out, and within what contexts was its voice heard? What became of the First Fleet piano after its arrival on antipodean soil, and who played a part in the instrument’s subsequent history? Two extant instruments contend for the title ‘First Fleet piano’; which of these made the epic journey to Botany Bay in 1787–88? The First Fleet Piano: A Musician’s View answers these questions, and provides tantalising glimpses of social and cultural life both in Georgian England and in the early colony at Sydney Cove. The First Fleet piano is placed within the musical and social contexts for which it was created, and narratives of the individuals whose lives have been touched by the instrument are woven together into an account of the First Fleet piano’s conjunction with the forces of history. Note: Volume 1 and 2 are sold as a set ($120 for both) and cannot be purchased separately.

In the European Union, unemployment rates differ markedly across regions, both within and across nations. This study presents a coherent theoretical approach to explain the emergence and persistence of such regional unemployment disparities. The analysis builds on the wage curve literature, and on regional agglomeration theories like the new economic geography. These theoretical strings are combined and extended, in order to provide a unified framework.

How do we currently preserve and access texts, and will our current methods be sustainable in the future? In From Handwriting to Footprinting, Anne Baillot seeks to answer this question by offering a detailed analysis of the methods that enable access to textual materials, in particular, access to books of literary significance. Baillot marshals her considerable expertise in the field of digital humanities to establish a philological overview of the changing boundaries of ‘access’ to literary heritage over centuries, deconstructing the western tradition of archiving and how it has led to current digital dissemination practices. Rigorously examining the negative environmental impact of digital publishing and archiving, Baillot proposes an alternative model of preservation and dissemination which reconciles fundamental traditions with the values of social responsibility and sustainability in an era of climate crisis. Integrating historical, archival and environmental perspectives, From Handwriting to Footprinting illuminates the impact that digitisation has had on the dissemination and preservation of textual heritage and reflects on what its future may hold. It is invaluable reading for anyone interested in textual history from a linguistic or philological perspective, as well as those working on publishing, archival and infrastructure projects that require the storing and long-term preservation of texts, or who want to know how to develop a more mindful attachment to digitised material.

This Special Issue of Applied Sciences, titled "Advances in Endodontics and Periodontics", aims to improve the state of the art in relation to the most relevant advances in Endodontics and Periodontics. Topics addressed in this Special Issue include alternative treatment strategies such as “green” antimicrobials, the relationship with systemic diseases, new devices and materials which enable a reduction in therapy failures, as well as updating evidence-based knowledge pertaining to endodontics and periodontics.

Waffen allein entscheiden nicht über die Schlagkraft einer Armee. Entscheidend ist auch, wie die Kriegführung die Subjektivität der Soldaten berücksichtigt. In der vorliegenden Studie zeigt sich diese als ein historisch variables, aber nicht frei konstruierbares Phänomen. Ausgehend von dem Faktum, dass Soldaten im Krieg die Versehrtheit ihres Leibes riskieren, der sich nicht beliebig verändern lässt, wird ihre Subjektivität zwischen aktivem Handeln und passivem Erleiden beleuchtet. Das Buch analysiert die Paradoxien, die sich aus Funktionserweiterungen des soldatischen Handelns bei Auslandseinsätzen ergeben, sowie die Versuche der avancierten Militärmächte, die Subjektivität durch den Einsatz modernster Technik zu nutzen.

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This handbook provides a comprehensive and critical overview of the gamut of contemporary issues around health and healthcare from a political economy perspective. Its contributions present a unique challenge to prevailing economic accounts of health and healthcare, which narrowly focus on individual behaviour and market processes. Instead, the capacity of the human body to reach its full potential and the ability of society to prevent disease and cure illness are demonstrated to be shaped by a broader array of political economic processes. The material conditions in which societies produce, distribute, exchange, consume, and reproduce – and the operation of power relations therein – influence all elements of human health: from food consumption and workplace safety, to inequality, healthcare and housing, and even the biophysical conditions in which humans live. This volume explores these concerns across five sections. First, it introduces and critically engages with a variety of established and cutting-edge theoretical perspectives in political economy to conceptualise health and healthcare – from neoclassical and behavioural economics, to Marxist and feminist approaches. The next two sections extend these insights to evaluate the neoliberalisation of health and healthcare over the past 40 years, highlighting their individualisation and commodification by the capitalist state and powerful corporations. The fourth section examines the diverse manifestation of these dynamics across a range of geographical contexts. The volume concludes with a section devoted to outlining more progressive health and healthcare arrangements, which transcend the limitations of both neoliberalism and capitalism. This volume will be an indispensable reference work for students and scholars of political economy, health policy and politics, health economics, health geography, the sociology of health, and other health-related disciplines.

Anxiety is a widespread and universal problem with significant adverse effects on mental health and quality of life. This book examines the phenomenology, psychopathology, and biological mechanisms of anxiety disorders. Over three sections, the book examines various social and clinical aspects of anxiety as well as neurobiological data and pathogenesis of anxiety disorders such as Capgras syndrome and de Clerambault’s syndrome. It also presents results of immunological and neurochemical studies of some anxiety states.

The work of Vauban (1633-1707) can be seen as an essential contribution to the construction of modernity, understood as the period when rationality, in the various fields in which it was invested, came to occupy a predominant place. It is this modernity in Vauban's work that is examined here, both in its political and economic form, where it takes its place in the movement to rationalise political action that will mark the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and in its applications to military architecture and fortifications. The influences that Vauban underwent and exerted on his contemporaries, not only English and German but also American and Canadian, are presented and studied here, along with his possible relevance today. Historians, philosophers and specialists in fortification and urban planning from Europe and the United States have set out to assess Vauban's contribution to the construction of modern times.

Si l’histoire des décades de Pontigny nous restitue le rassemblement annuel, dans une abbaye bourguignonne redevenue laïque, des plus grands esprits européens, de Paul Valéry à Heinrich Mann, de Max Scheler à Paul Langevin, d’Alberto Moravia à André Malraux, elle révèle surtout les multiples facettes de ce lieu singulier, à mi-chemin d’un salon héritier des Lumières et d’un congrès scientifique tributaire des réseaux de l’Internationale Scientifique propre au xxe siècle. À la fois subtile université auprès de la jeunesse normalienne, refuge aristocratique réservé longtemps aux proches d’André Gide et de la NRF, cellule collective de réflexions consacrées à l’avenir de la SDN ou de l’école par des publicistes et des hommes politiques, les Décades, loin de tourner le dos au monde, tentèrent de le déchiffrer, guidées le plus souvent par la boussole du riche passé humaniste européen et de ses vertus de tolérance et d’esprit critique. Au carrefour de quelques-uns des dialogues essentiels où se nouait la question des relations catholiques et non-catholiques, entre Allemands et Français, entre Occident et Orient, Pontigny fut une des rares institutions intellectuelles médiatrices dans une époque traversée de conflits. Peut-être parce qu’en France, depuis Montaigne, le culte de la littérature, si bien organisé par les Décades, eut pour fonction non négligeable d’apaiser les esprits et d’exprimer le meilleur de la civilisation.

O tema deste livro é a organização das famílias após a separação conjugal, um momento marcado por intensas mudanças em sua configuração. A autora discute as possibilidades e desafios vivenciados no universo familiar e sua relação com a sociedade. A expressão das dificuldades é manifestada nas questões relativas à saúde, à habitação, aos relacionamentos, à alimentação, ao vestuário, enfim, às necessidades básicas de sobrevivência. A investigação foi realizada a partir de documentação obtida no Serviço Social na Unidade Auxiliar Centro Jurídico Social da Unesp campus de Franca-SP.

This is an open access book under CC BY-NC-ND. This open access book is a comprehensive solution proposed by Dr. Chen Dongsheng for the issues of medical care, pension, and fund raising in the era of longevity. This book studies the relationship among aging population, economic development, and business model innovation. It integrates multi-disciplinary, multi-industry, and multi-professional research and thinking to focus on how to meet the challenge of aging population from business perspective. The author analyzes the keys and experience for Taikang to get successful in this area. The arrival of the "Era of Longevity" not only creates new business opportunities, but also changes the economy, governance, and cultural ecology of the society. It is of interest to the readers in business and policy-making.