Open Access Books

This book argues that the frontier, usually associated with the era of colonial conquest, has great, continuing and under explored relevance to the Caribbean region. Identifying the frontier as a moral, ideational and physical boundary between what is imagined as civilisation and wilderness, the book seeks to extend frontier analysis by focusing on the Eastern Caribbean multi-island state of St Vincent and the Grenadines. The continuing relevance of the concept of frontier, and allied notions of civilisation and wilderness, are illuminated through an analysis of the ways in which SVG is perceived and experienced by both outsiders to the society and its insiders. Using literary sources, biographies and autobiography, the book shows how St Vincent is imagined and made sense of as a modern frontier; a society in the balance between an imposed civilised order and an untameable wild that always encroaches, whether in the form of social dislocation, the urban presence of the ‘Wilderness people’ or illegal marijuana farming in the northern St Vincent hills. The frontier as examined here has historically been and remains very much a global production. Simultaneously, it is argued that contemporary processes of globalisation shape the development of tourism and finance sectors, as well as patterns of migration, they connect to shifting conceptions of the civilised and the wild, and have implications for the role of the state and politics in frontier societies.

This work developed an automatic approach for the assessment of software reliability which is both theoretical sound and practical. The developed approach extends and combines theoretical sound approaches in a novel manner to systematically reduce the overhead of reliability assessment.

Les échanges de produits alimentaires du XXIe siècle voient poindre l’émergence de nouveaux acteurs de taille globale originaires d’Asie du Sud-Est. Il s’agit de grandes entreprises privées extrêmement diversifiées qui sont apparues dans un système de connivence avec les pouvoirs publics des États issus de la décolonisation. Cette étude vise à dégager quelques similitudes dans la genèse et le développement de cinq de ces grands groupes particulièrement emblématiques, à savoir Charoen Pokphand (CP) pour la Thaïlande, Indofood en Indonésie (Groupe Salim), San Miguel aux Philippines, Sime Darby pour la Malaisie et Wilmar pour Singapour (Groupe Kuok). Ces convergences concernent les stratégies mises en œuvre par ces conglomérats mais aussi quelques aspects de leur mode de gouvernance, qui privilégie l’opportunisme avec une valorisation pragmatique de leurs ressources plutôt qu’une conceptualisation passant par des objectifs qui viseraient à satisfaire une demande particulière. Si l’avenir de ces acteurs est loin d’être limpide, ils sont désormais incontournables dans leurs secteurs d’activité au sein desquels ils figurent parmi les leaders mondiaux. Leur originalité qui se caractérise par une grande flexibilité, une redoutable efficience et une indéniable résilience contribue à relativiser des modèles entrepreneuriaux euro-centrés qui ne feraient que reproduire ceux du XIXe ou XXe siècle.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are crucial for supporting the large-scale application of energy storage systems, but their inherent thermal instability has become a significant safety concern, especially in high-density battery configurations used in electric vehicles and energy storage stations. Effective thermal management systems are essential for dissipating heat, maintaining an optimal temperature range, and preventing TR. A deep understanding of heat generation, transfer, and dissipation is critical for efficient thermal management and the development of thermal models for LIBs. In the event of TR, the release of gases and flammable materials can cause fires, requiring safety measures such as heat blocking and timely heat dissipation to prevent or delay TRP. Monitoring and early warning technologies, like gas composition monitoring, play a key role in detecting early signs of TR. Fire suppression technologies have also evolved, focusing on optimizing fire extinguishing agents and developing new materials with more efficient and safer fire suppression solutions. Therefore, this Reprint was crafted to update the scientific community on recent advancements and future trajectories in thermal safety, offering valuable insights for improving battery safety and performance. The content of this Reprint spans a spectrum of battery thermal safety advancements, ranging from TR mechanisms, thermal management technologies, risk assessment, TR monitoring methods, TRP Inhibition, and fire extinguishing technology, which will be vital to ensure the safety and reliability of LIBs in high-energy-density applications.

The book deals with mycotoxins, their presence in various types of food, and how to prevent their presence in food . In addition to well-known molecules, such as aflatoxins or fumonisins, some contributors have dealt with emerging mycotoxins (e.g., alternaria toxins, botryodiplodin). Readers of the book can also find a new approach to reducing aflatoxins and fumonisins in food. In conclusion, the book presents both new mycotoxins and new information on old mycotoxins.

This open access book collects the contributions of the seventh school on Magnetism and Synchrotron Radiation held in Mittelwihr, France, from 7 to 12 October 2018. It starts with an introduction to the physics of modern X-ray sources followed by a general overview of magnetism. Next, light / matter interaction in the X-ray range is covered with emphasis on different types of angular dependence of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scattering. In the end, two domains where synchrotron radiation-based techniques led to new insights in condensed matter physics, namely spintronics and superconductivity, are discussed. The book is intended for advanced students and researchers to get acquaintance with the basic knowledge of X-ray light sources and to step into synchrotron-based techniques for magnetic studies in condensed matter physics or chemistry.

This book belongs to a new collection promoted by the School of Medicine at Federico II University of Naples. The publication wants to encourage communication between those who are engaged in Research, Prevention, and the application of Medicine in various medical specialties. Spreading the culture of prevention is of primary importance in planning health policies. Research topics will be: Health education and promotion, Infectious diseases, Sports medicine, Cancer prevention, Health prevention, Psychiatry and pathological addiction, Health and environment, Animal health, Public health , Food Safety, Vaccinations.

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"This chapter explores the link between social innovation and collaboration among change agents and stakeholders. Social innovation is a field on the rise, both practically and theoretically (Cajaiba-Santana, 2014), and involves new ideas for tackling unmet social needs and solving current social problems (Mulgan et al., 2007). Even though social innovation has great potential, confronting uncertainties, risks and resistance are inevitable when engaging in this type of endeavor. Consequently, it may be challenging to mobilize key stakeholders to commit to and engage in relevant actions and collaborative processes (Marcy, 2015). The problem that will be addressed in this chapter concerns how to identify, target and mobilize key stakeholders to collaborate in social innovation initiatives. It is viewed from the vantage point of those initiating and leading social innovation efforts and aims to point out some factors that must be overcome and others that may foster constructive collaborative processes among change agents and stakeholders."

Case studies in the dynamic, contested, exciting, constant, and ever evolving relationship between Buddhism and the state across pre-modern East Asia.

The increase in reported levels of stress and burnout in teachers across Europe highlights the importance of teachers' social and emotional competencies and diversity awareness (SEDA). Since teaching is an extremely social and emotional process where diversity, if recognised, is embraced at every step, we believe that supporting teachers to develop SEDA competencies is the key to shaping not only the positive relationships of living and learning together in classrooms, but also, in living and learning together in society. Once SEDA competencies are supported, a positive shift can occur at the level of individual teacher, classroom, school and society level. The book is our way of experimentally demonstrating how teachers' SEDA can be supported across Europe (Volume I) and how policy can support these processes (Volume II). Volume I focuses on the innovative conceptual overlap of social and emotional competencies and diversity awareness and experimentally test it across European countries - with an emphasis on conceptualisation, implementation and evaluation processes.

"One summer day in Stockholm in 1747, the carpenter's daughter Lena Cajsa Bohman faces trial for disobedience to her father. Soon, she admits to more serious crimes. A tangle of trafficking of young women is revealed. It develops into a story of power and greed, of secret networks and trade with young women. The protocols reflects women's circumstances in a time when all extra-marital sexuality was forbidden and the word prostitution was not used. In 18th century Stockholm, no distinction was made between prostitution and extramarital sexuality. All sexual intercourse outside of marriage was illegal for both women and men. Through the combination of a variety of material sources, from trial protocols to memoirs and hateful whore poems, we get a versatile picture of the commercial sexuality. The testimony of mamsell Bohman tells about how the trade was organized, who the profiteers, the women and the buying men were, where the trade took place and how women who provided sex för money were looked upon. The overall aim is to investigate how the whore stigma remains over centuries. The stigma is extremely adaptable and constantly accommodates to new cultural and social contexts, laws, values and established truths. It is intertwined with dominant notions of good and evil, of honor and contempt. During the 18th century, the whore stigma was not yet linked to payment for sex. It could affect all women, but was crossed by other hierarchical social orders. Despite a rigid legal stance and a strong social control, the boundaries were more permeable than they would later become. There was a striking discrepancy between law, jurisprudence and the verdict of the mob in 18th century Stockholm - a city where the bourgeois daughter Lena Cajsa was able to admit to relations with the notorious Lovisa von Plat and a number of illegitimate sexual relations, but escape punishment and marry into nobility."

It is with great joy that I, along with the editorial committee, present to you the reader, the 2018 Pretoria Student Law Review. In the past twelve years, the journal has gone from strength to strength and nowhere is this more evident than in this year’s edition. We have received more submissions and published more articles than previous years. We have expanded the reach of the journal by including authors from not only outside UP but also outside the borders of South Africa. Fittingly, the wide range of articles in this year’s edition are topical, engaging and critical of the law. Most importantly, the articles spark conversation. If this is the quality of writing that Africa as a continent can produce, we as law students, young scholars and future legal practitioners can only reach new heights. I am proud of the work that the authors have put into their articles, but especially I am proud of the editorial committee and the work they have done to ensure that the PSLR delivers quality articles. The role of an editor is difficult, time consuming and often thankless and therefore I would like to thank the 2018 editorial committee – Primrose E.R. Kurasha, Agnes Matasane, Vaughn Rajah and Kirstin Swanepoel. Without your hard work and dedication to this journal, nothing would have been possible, it has been a privilege to work with all of you. Furthermore, I would like to thank Prof Karin van Marle for her guiding hand that shepherded us throughout the highs and lows of this year. To Lizette Hermann, thank you for your dedication to the PSLR. About the cover, I would like to thank Adebayo Okeowo for his submission. The cover and back page compliment the Year of the Women as celebrated throughout the year by the Law Faculty and UP Law House in particular. Turning to the future, it is with pride that I can say that I leave the PSLR in the custody of strong hands and even sharper minds. To you future author, I implore you to continue writing. To you the reader I say expand your mind, question all that is in front of you — for this is the only way we, as scholars, grow. Jurgen Zwecker Managing editor 2018

This volume examines the academic work and the living and working conditions of nine female economists between the mid-19th and the beginning of the 21st century. Among them are internationally renowned names (Joan Robinson, Claudia Goldin) alongside those remembered only in academic circles (Beate Webb, Charlotte Leubuscher, Edith Eucken-Erdsiek), and some who have been almost entirely forgotten (Helene Bauer, Cläre Tisch, Fanny Ginor, Vera Smith Lutz).